Chapter 443: The Way of the Inner Saint and the Outer King
Wang Zhong mentioned Jiang Fan's visit to Zhao Xin yesterday. Zhao Xin didn't pay attention at the time and agreed casually.
He wore a newly purchased fine-fur fox fur vest, underneath a set of dark blue woolen cotton robes, and a mink hat. The clothes were bought from Beihai Trading Company, and the money for the clothes was from
After meeting Zhao Xin a few days ago, he gave Cheng Yi to seven people, 500 Beihai dollars each.
After Liu Taigong took the money, he went directly to the elementary school library and wanted to buy the set of "Wenyuange Edition Sikuquanshu" in the library. He had set his sights on it when he visited before. This was purchased by Zhao Xin from later generations.
In one of the two sets, the preface written by later generations was removed and the publication information on the last page was obliterated.
Five hundred silver dollars was not even a fraction of the price of this set of books, so Zhao Xinlong bought two sets in total, costing him more than two million! One set is in the primary school library, and the other set is placed in his study room.
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So Zhao Xin asked the library to print a set of scanned copies for Liu Taigong and charged the cost price of one hundred silver dollars. After hearing about this, Duan Yucai and Hong Liangji also decided to have one set each. Now the three of them are waiting.
In the library, type and read page after page.
However, the more the three of them read, the more frightened they became. Liu Taigong was the one who compiled the "Sikuquanshu". The original "Sikuquanshu" was copied by more than 3,800 people, which took thirteen years, until the 47th year of Qianlong's reign.
A set of copies was completed only in the year of 2011 and kept in Wenyuan Pavilion.
How come there is a complete set of printed editions here in Beihai Town? The three of them went from the first page to the present and found not a single mistake. This is too weird! Could it be that King Zhao had placed spies around the emperor?
Jiao Xun, Zhong Huai and Huang Chengji each bought several algebra and geometry books and several sets of exercises carefully compiled by Lao You. However, the mathematical formulas above made the three of them look like stars and screamed "Book of Heaven";
Early this morning, three young people went to primary school to attend class, and followed a group of children to familiarize themselves with mathematical formulas.
In the Qing Dynasty, people who studied mathematics generally started with the "Book of Changes", and then studied the "Ten Books of Calculation", and finally fell into the astronomical calendar. For example, the book "Pythagorean Cutting the Circle" that Zhao Xin saw in Guangzhou before
”, Dai Zhen tried to come up with a theory that could compete with Western trigonometry, but it was ultimately proved to be a failure. Cutting and cutting, the ultimate goal is still to calculate the equatorial difference.
Because of the hierarchical social structure of "scholars, farmers, industry and commerce", the purpose of calculating the astronomical calendar ultimately lies in the agricultural season, so as to guide agricultural production.
When Jiang Fan followed Yin Bingwei into the house, he first saluted Zhao Xinshen, and Zhao Xin also stood up and returned the salute. The two sat down, A Miao brought tea, and then left. Only then did Zhao Xin say: "
Mr. Ziping is here today, what can I do for you?"
Jiang Fan was startled after hearing this and thought, didn't Wang Zhong say it yesterday?
However, he also understood Wang Zhong's ambitions. He was good at etiquette rather than military affairs, and he liked to be quiet and restive. So he first said some compliments to Zhao Xin and Bei Haijun, and then said: "Jiang had heard what Brother Rong Fu said before.
It is said that King Zhao led his army to defeat the Rakshasa last year, captured Baihar Lake, and expanded the territory thousands of miles away. He is very eager to do so. If King Zhao agrees, the feudal lord would like to visit and see the local customs and specialties there. Therefore, I came here to plead with you.
King Zhao allows it."
"Lake Baihar?" Zhao Xin was stunned for a moment, and then realized that the other party should be talking about "Lake Baikal". In Chinese history, it has been called Beihai since the Han Dynasty. It was also called Xiaohai in the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and in the Qing Dynasty it was
It is called by Mongolian phonetic translation.
"Mr. Ziping, it's not impossible for you to go, but it's already early winter, and it will soon be frozen for thousands of miles. Unlike Guan Nei, the winter climate here in Beihai is extremely harsh. Let alone us, even the Qing army has to go
Mao Dong.”
"Then the people in Beihai Town stay at home during the winter and wait until spring to busy themselves with farming?"
After hearing this, Zhao Xin chuckled and said, "How can we stay here! We have a lot to do in winter here. Not to mention military matters, ordinary people should take advantage of this time to study and become literate, and it can also be done in winter.
Plant vegetables.”
"Studying?" Jiang Fan was stunned, and then asked in disbelief: "Everyone?"
"Yes! Everyone, regardless of gender." Zhao Xin showed a confident expression like an old god and gave Jiang Fan a rough explanation.
It is said that in addition to the military, Beihai Town's largest financial expenditures in recent years are education and medical care.
Medical treatment does not make any money at all. I originally thought that it would be enough to break even, but in the end, the money has been reduced. However, this has also won the gratitude of the people at the bottom.
And education requires a huge investment. In addition to the cost of books, there is also a lunch to take care of. In the end, a paper-making workshop was opened to solve the problem of using a lot of paper; of course, wiping the buttocks is also very important.
All children of school age, regardless of gender, must go to school. This is unreasonable and must be enforced. If any household dares to disobey, the land will be taken back directly. In serious cases, they may even be sent to dig coal in Ezo, and the children must be left behind before leaving.
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Moreover, since the incident involving the Li family two years ago, the medical system in various residential areas has been gradually improved. Households in Beihai Town no longer dare to abandon their babies. Because the people do not have to worry about food and drink, the birth rate has soared.
Among the first batch of children to enter the literacy class, dozens of 13- and 14-year-olds, including Xu Funan, have now become primary school teachers, teaching children who have just entered school.
Among the Lan scholars who came from the island country, except for a few who knew geography and followed Lin Ziping to do surveying and mapping, the others were all studying Mandarin in order to integrate into the system of Beihai Town. Zhao Xin asked these people to first master Mandarin after mastering it.
You have to enter the education system and work for a period of time; self-improvement is one aspect, and the popularization of basic education is the most important.
For example, the reason why Zhu Dagui became the village chief was first of all because he was literate and attended a private school for a year when he was a child. In the winter of the past two years in Beihai Town, the village chiefs of each village have to organize literacy classes for the villagers, convey and explain various laws and regulations, and let the people
It’s a familiar story; factory workers also have to take literacy classes in the evening, and only by mastering 500 words can they be promoted and get a higher salary.
Although the current system of Beihai Town is similar to the public ownership system of later generations, it is not a big pot.
There is a serious shortage of skilled workers in Zhao Liang and Zhang Bo. At present, many workers work "knowing it but not knowing why." After a few years, some machines can be used without problems, and minor faults can be repaired.
When there is a big problem, you will be blinded.
Especially in military production, various size specifications, weight density, particle size, burning speed, etc. are not even close, let alone close. The standardization of weapons and ammunition means a large number of mathematical models, even if you can spend money to buy them.
There are mathematical formulas, but it still requires constant experimentation.
At present, the salary of various positions in Beihai Town is linked to work performance and literacy level. If someone is 800-literate and knows some math calculations, a technician can earn 20 silver dollars a month; if you are 50-literate, you can only burn boilers.
, two and a half yuan a month.
Moreover, the agricultural production in Beihai Town is no longer "facing the loess and back to the sky", with a drop of sweat breaking into eight petals, waiting for God to provide food; whether it is spring sowing or autumn harvest, it is basically completed by large agricultural machinery, which is completely broken.
The old farming model.
When there is a surplus of labor, these people will look for other income channels to improve their living standards. There are too many good things in Beihai Trading Company, and new gadgets will be added from time to time. But if they are illiterate, they will not even be able to do the job of sweeping the streets.
You have to queue up to grab it, let alone burn the boiler for the bathhouse.
Nowadays, when neighbors come to chat, they will often talk about how their men are doing, how their children are studying, and what kind of livelihood they have recently found to earn more income. Each other has an account in their hearts, why don't they learn to read and make more money?
, who doesn’t want to live a better life?
Recently, Zhao Xinzheng has a plan to spread the word about the land across the sea through his "Gold Medal Secret Agent" system that spreads across villages and towns. He feels that he wants the people of this era to go there to establish a foothold instead of making money.
If you go back to your hometown to buy land, build a house, and marry a young wife, you have to implement private ownership of the land.
For the Chinese, only their own land will be cherished a hundred times. The only problem now is how much each family will give. Zhao Xin has to discuss it with others, but one of the prerequisites is that he must be literate.
Not to mention the ordinary people, in addition to training during the day, the Beihai Navy requires literacy classes and elementary mathematics classes at night. Unlike Monk Zhou’s group of officers, today’s soldiers want to be promoted, starting from upper class, and each level must be based on the literacy rate.
, Mathematics knowledge hook.
Those mercenaries from the Sendai Domain, because they were domain warriors, after mastering Mandarin, turned into teachers every night, going to each company and class to teach the soldiers, and they could also receive an extra subsidy.
Starting from the year before last, the Northern Navy has held a promotion exam for all officers and soldiers in the army every November. After passing the exam, even if they are not promoted temporarily, their allowance will be increased by one level.
As for those who want to be artillerymen, they need to study geometric algebra, and their basic salary is twice as high as that of ordinary soldiers.
Li Yansheng, the former assistant commander of the artillery battalion of the Qing Dynasty who had defected to the Qing Dynasty, was obsessed with joining the artillery unit of the Northern Navy, so he has been studying mathematics hard this year. For a man in his thirties, starting from the basics is really enough.
It's hard for him.
There is no way, I don't understand trigonometric functions, I can't even read the artillery calculation board, let alone take aim.
After hearing Zhao Xin's introduction, Jiang Fan couldn't help but open his mouth wide and couldn't close it for a long time. Even farming requires reading and literacy, which is simply unbelievable!
However, after listening to so much, he grasped a core issue, that is, what Beihai Town teaches are all practical studies and have nothing to do with Confucian culture.
Just like what Duan Yucai asked that day, where are the etiquette and laws? Where are the principles? Where are the human hearts?
If Zhao Xin continues like this, in the future, being an official will only require literacy and arithmetic, but the most important "morality" will be gone. Thinking of this, Jiang Fan's heart became heavier and heavier. If things go on like this, the orthodoxy will really be in danger.
He was silent for a moment and then said: "The sage said that giving to the people can help everyone. Yao and Shun still made everyone sick. This move by King Zhao has never been done in ancient times. However, the "Tao Jing" says that people's hearts are in danger
"The subtlety of Taoism and the subtleties of danger can only be understood by a wise gentleman."
Zhao Xin was silent for a moment and said slowly: "Why should I answer yes?"
Jiang Fan couldn't help but be stunned, nodded slightly and said: "One Confucian can conquer ten thousand, and one heretic can destroy hundreds."
"oh?"
"In ancient times, the reason why the sage kings succeeded to the heaven and established the supreme power to rule and teach all the people was not only about the clarity of the rule of law, but also about the subtlety of the mind and the way."
"Inner Saint and Outer King?"
Jiang Fan nodded and said: "Confucian scholars write lectures to explain doctrines and principles, and Zen is beneficial to politics. With sages as kings and teachers, the inheritance of Taoism for eternity is the basis of governance for eternity."
Zhao Xin shook his head and said: "But can Confucianists make bullets? Can they build railways? Mr. Jiang, economic people's livelihood and national defense cannot be achieved by relying solely on the Four Books and Five Classics. Times have changed."
Jiang Fan was unwilling to accept it and said: "Everyone who talks about knowledge in ancient and modern times says that the learning of emperors is different from that of Confucian students, but the feudal lord thinks otherwise. Classics can explain the way, history can record events, and the two are inseparable, and we can expect great success in the future."
Zhao Xin nodded and said: "Use the past as a mirror, wear the mirror to see the gains and losses of the past."
After hearing this, Jiang Fan's face first showed a look of surprise, and then it turned into relief, and he bowed and said: "I am addicted to skills and stagnates in chapters and sentences, although Confucian scholars are not admirable. If you are poor at the source of life and study the subtle results, study the six
The scriptures refer to the affairs of the world in the Zhou Dynasty. Isn’t this what Confucian scholars have in mind? The so-called person who is respectful and silent is the source of life and the return of the subtle. Those who supervise and ignore the consequences are the problems of the world."
Zhao Xin laughed and said: "It is not contrary to Cheng and Zhu in the near term, and it is not contrary to Confucius and Mencius in the far term?"
"Of course!" Jiang Fan looked at Zhao Xindao: "The emperor's rule is based on the heart, and the emperor's heart is based on respect."
The two of them came and went, asking questions and answering questions. A Miao and Yin Bingwei, who were standing outside the door, were confused, as if they were reading a book from heaven.
In fact, what Jiang Fan and Zhao Xin were talking about was fighting for the status of Confucianism in the future.
At first, Jiang Fan praised Zhao Xin, saying that your measures are widely spread among the people under your rule, and everyone can enjoy the benefits and benefits. This is something that even Yao and Shun did not do. This implies that Confucius taught Zi
What Gong said "must be a saint" complimented Zhao Xin as a saint. But what he said next is the key point.
"The human heart is only dangerous, but the Taoist heart is weak" comes from the "Tao Te Ching", followed by eight words: "The essence is only one, and the right to hold is in the middle."
Don't underestimate these four sentences. For five thousand years, from the earliest time when Yao passed the throne to Shun, these sixteen characters represent the fire of Chinese civilization; sincere instructions, passed down from generation to generation, almost all classics and knowledge
They are all elaborated around these sixteen characters.
What Jiang Fan means is that the human heart is unpredictable, and the Taoist mind is attentive to subtleties. The most important thing in doing things is to be precise and single-minded, and the most important thing in governing the world is to abide by the middle way. The subtleties of this change and the subtleties of the Taoist heart are only
Only a gentleman can understand it. In other words, only scholars who have mastered Confucian knowledge have this ability.
Zhao Xin used the words of Mencius in his answer, "What's the point of answering yes?" The phrase "Mencius - Chapter 2 of Gaozi" means "What's the difficulty in answering this?"
In fact, the key is not this sentence, but the following words in the original text, that is, "without trying to figure out the root, but trying to understand the root. A square inch of wood can make it taller than a lofty tower." It turns out that you, Jiang Ziping, are saying that I don't try to figure out the root of things, but
Only deal with the final details.
Jiang Fan said that Confucian knowledge is comprehensive and can be the program of all knowledge; blindly pursuing the end details without seeking the foundation is heresy. The reason why the spirit of ancient sage monarchs has been passed down to generations and their holy names are immortal is not only because they have detailed
Governance methods and policies, but they follow orthodoxy.
Zhao Xin said, are you talking about the principle of "inner sage and outer king"? But times have changed. Things in Beihai Town cannot be solved by Confucianism. I can't rely on the Four Books and Five Classics to climb the technological tree, right?
Jiang Fan was unwilling to give in and argued that the purpose of Confucian scholars writing books and studying knowledge was to clarify what the subtle Tao is, which is absolutely helpful to politics. Without the Taoism of all ages, there is no rule.
The two are mutually exclusive.
To put it simply, without the recognition and endorsement of the scholars in the world, your rule by Zhao Xin will be like a rootless rule, even if you win the world, it will be the same.
He went on to say that a true Confucian would not be obsessed with eight-legged rules and regulations, or use those flowery rhetoric, but should study the subtleties of the saints, sincerely maintain the only way, and use classics and history to verify the gains and losses of government.
Zhao Xin agreed with this point. He quoted the words of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, and this passage comes from "Cefu Yuangui". This book was compiled by Song Zhenzong during the Northern Song Dynasty and ordered his ministers to compile the deeds of the emperors and ministers in the past dynasties for use by the emperor in governing the country.
For reference, it was a royal secret collection at that time.
Jiang Fan was surprised because he didn't expect that Zhao Xin had even read this kind of book, but he then thought about Zhao Xin's identity as a descendant of Zhu Ming, and guessed that it might be family knowledge.
What Zhao Xin said next is interesting. He asked Jiang Fan, do you mean that I should reuse Confucian scholars and promote Confucian Neo-Confucian education in school education?
Of course Jiang Fan affirmed, and he went on to say that the essence of imperial politics is to balance, and to have a heart of "allowing and adhering to the center"; and the essence of balance is to take Taoism as the teacher, and to seek answers in Confucian knowledge.