In early February 1791, when the people of the whole country...ahem, just when the people of Beihai Town were in winter, a massive "escape incident" broke out in the island country of Kyushu, which shocked the shogunate and Kansai
vassals.
You must know that the current total population of Kyushu Island is only more than 3.2 million, and the number of farmers who participated in this escape incident accounted for one-tenth. This time the farmers voted with their feet, not so much because of
"Rumors" spread from south to north. It is better to say that it is because of the exploitation of the feudal lords and the suffocating annual tribute that the farmers can no longer live happily.
To put it bluntly, some people say that as long as there were no disasters or wars in the 18th century, the Daiqing peasants were considered the luckiest peasants in East Asia. At least they could still have enough to eat.
But farmers in countries like the Li Dynasty and island countries are living in hell. They are called farmers, but they are actually serfs. These people work hard day and night, but they have to pay taxes on 70 to 80% of their annual income, which is not enough to support their parents and wives.
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Even though Nguyen Phuc Anh has a good reputation in Annam, his oppression of the farmers under his rule is only a little lighter than that of the Xishan Dynasty. Although the Mekong River plain is rich in rice, the people in Guangnan eat only taro and have to give up rice.
Nguyen Phuc Anh took it in exchange for arms.
On the other hand, in the island country, in the past few years since the Tianmei famine, the Kansai feudal lords have not only failed to reduce taxes, but have repeatedly shipped the rice they produced to Edo and Osaka for sale and profit. Although Matsudaira Sadanobu took important measures during the "Kenji Reform" period,
The policy of suppressing agriculture and business has led to farmers still not having enough to eat.
To put it bluntly, the characteristics of the shogunate system determine the economic policies of various parts of the island country. In order to limit the strength of the daimyo under his command, the shogunate had to let them undertake heavy "official" tasks, including attendance, expenses for the Edo lord's residence, military service, and general affairs.
Please provide security at various gates in Edo Castle, firefighting in Edo Castle, and reception of emissaries sent from Kyoto, etc.
Even the Date Murakusa who manages the Satsuma clan in the south is the same. In order to divide the Sendai clan, Matsudaira Sadanobu specially asked the Sea Dog Lord to confer the title of Date Murakusa as the lord of the Satsuma clan. Although the Date Murakusa did not need to go to the Tokugawa Shogunate, he could do it every year
They all have to go back to Qingye City to "participate in the explanation".
If a certain daimyo does not want to abide by this set of "games", he has no other choice but to rebel. The problem is that even if he wins the rebellion and becomes a general, he still has to play this trick under the premise of a small-scale peasant economy that is closed to the country.
No choice.
The Tokugawa Shogunate was like this, and the Sendai Domain was even more so. Of course, Hokkai Town had no intention of helping the Sendai Domain change its feudal system, so it was just fine.
The cause of the incident was a dispute between Ashihoku Town of Kumamoto Domain and Kuma Village of Sagara Domain. Tsunagi Town and Village had a dispute over cultivated land. The Shogunate Appraisal Office decided to implement "land inspection land", that is, to resolve the dispute between the three villages belonging to the two feudal clans.
The land was re-measured and inventoried.
From the time when Tokugawa Ieyasu established the Tokugawa Shogunate, until the 1820s, the island nation experienced a total of five national land clearings, namely the Keicho Land Clearance Land, the Kanei Kei Security Land Clearance Land, and the Kanbun Enho Land Clearance Land.
Genroku inspected the land, and Xingbao Xintian inspected the land. After enjoying the land inspection, the shogunate never conducted large-scale land inspections, but small-scale land inspections were still carried out in various places.
The original purpose of the land inspection for the new fields was to get rid of the predicament at that time, hoping to alleviate the financial constraints by increasing the annual tribute income, and to collect as much annual tribute as possible from these developed new fields. The Tokugawa shogunate controlled the world's farmland
It is divided into seven levels: upper, lower, middle, lower, middle, lower, lower and isolated.
After being graded, if there is a flood or drought that causes a bad harvest, and you want to appeal to the agent... you deserve it! You have to pay as much as you should, not even a grain of rice is missing!
Unexpectedly, Kawai Tokubei, the servant sent by Hosokawa Saizu, the lord of the Kumamoto Domain, only allowed his subordinates to operate when the land was cleared for his own selfish purposes, and did not let the people in the village intervene at all. As a result, after the land measurement, Ashokita Town was
The annual tribute burden increased by four thousand tons of rice.
The problem is that it is already winter. Even if the annual tribute is to be increased, we can wait until next year to prepare for the people. As a result, Kawai Tokubei ordered Ashihoku Town to make up for the four thousand tsu immediately. In addition, this guy
They also imposed a tax on liquor stores that had been exempted in the town, causing widespread complaints.
Of course the people of Ashihoku Town stopped working, and the rabbits would bite people when they were anxious. But if there were not the three counties occupied by Beihai Town in the south, the most that these farmers could do was go to the shogunate in Nagasaki to petition. And the final punishment of the shogunate was usually the same.
Fifty strikes each; Kawai Tokubei should be punished for his crime, and the common people sue the government as a people. If you rebel against you, you will be exiled!
But when the villagers were discussing, some people told the rumors they had heard about the three counties to the south, and everyone immediately exploded. What! Is there another way to live?
After some discussion, someone suggested that those who sue the officials should just forget about it. The crows in the world are as black as the crows. Let's all sneak to the south together and let the bastard master grow the four thousand tons of rice himself. We Zhu Bajie will smash the rake and refuse to serve.
Got it!
The reason for this is that the three counties under the rule of Beihai Town have completely changed from other places. Compared with the farmers in other parts of the island country, the farmers in the three counties are like living in paradise.
Since Beihai Town actually controlled the three counties of Nankyushu, it has begun to implement the annual tribute of "three public officials and seven citizens". In addition, there are no miscellaneous taxes. Even if the corvee is collected, money will be paid. Not only that, the civil affairs is located in
The township governments in the three counties have also opened up the mountains and forests, allowing people to go hunting in the mountains, but logging needs to be reported.
At the beginning of last year, the Ministry of Civil Affairs considered that the two counties of Isa and Hishikara had too much land and poor output, so they simply encouraged farmers to carry out poultry breeding, mainly Satsuma chickens. This is a specialty of the Satsuma region in another time and space, and the production time is only 60
On the same day, the Ministry of Civil Affairs sent personnel to the villages to conduct breeding training, and also provided interest-free loans through Beihai Trading Company, so that all livestock could be purchased after they were released.
This chapter is not finished yet, please click the next page to continue reading the exciting content! Last June, a large meat processing plant was built at the foot of Akune, Izumi County, and employed nearly a thousand people. All purchased chickens will be given away
Once here, it will be divided and frozen before being transported to Beihai Town.
With interest-free loans and purchase guarantees, farmers began to raise chickens on a trial basis. After two or three months, when they saw that the families raising chickens had made money, the enthusiasm of all the people suddenly increased, and every family started raising chickens.
The reason for doing this is actually to supplement the meat nutrition for the soldiers and the people under their rule. When the total number of soldiers of the Northern Navy reached 55,000, and will continue to rise, it also leads to the daily demand for meat, poultry and eggs for the troops.
The amount is several tons, not to mention the already wealthy migrant workers and school children who also need increased nutrition.
The problem is that even though the lives of farmers in the three counties have improved, it is even more difficult for farmers from other domains to come over. The reason is that each domain has set up layers of outposts on the roads entering the three counties of Izuzu, Isa and Hisikari to check and encircle them.
It's so airtight that even a piece of paper can't get through. Once someone is caught, his head will fall off easily.
However, just when hundreds of farmers in Ashokita Town were preparing to give up their homeland with their families, the news spread out for some reason, and Kuma Village, Sanji Village, Sagara Village, Nishiki Town, Asagiri Town and more than a dozen other villages dozens of miles away
The village also began to stir up trouble.
These people thought that there was strength in numbers, or that the law would not punish the masses, so one night in early February, more than two thousand men, women, and children held torches and began to enter the mountains to the south, heading towards the three counties of Izuku, Isa, and Hisikari.
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The Tokugawa shogunate set up a "separation station" on the mountain road of Yatake Mountain. The soldiers on duty at the Yuanban (lookout) saw a torch suddenly light up on the mountain road to the north, as if someone was in the snow-capped mountains.
The mountain was painted with a gold pen. Seeing that the situation was abnormal, the soldiers on duty rang the alarm bell.
It is said that during the Edo period, the checkpoints on the post roads between the feudal lords were directly managed and controlled by the shogunate, and each lord was not allowed to set up privately. These checkpoints were important nodes in the shogunate's regime and were used to monitor the flow of population and materials across the country.
At the same time, grasp information on public opinion events.
Originally, because Kyushu was far away from Edo, each feudal clan set up its own customs post with the approval of the shogunate. However, after the Shimazu family was destroyed, since the southern part of the Kumamoto clan and the Sagara clan bordered the three counties of Hokkai Town, the Tokugawa shogunate decided to
Since the year before last, several checkpoints have been specially set up here. The large ones can hold a hundred people, and the small ones can hold fifty people.
As the bell rang, the guards who had fallen asleep were awakened. As soon as the samurai Okubo Masanobu, who served as the "companion leader", lit the lantern, the shoji door was opened.
"Sir, something is wrong! Someone is trying to break through!"
"Has anyone caught him?" Okubo Masanobu, who was only wearing a shirt, was not panicked. Although there have been incidents of breaking through the border in the past two years, he was just a thief and could not escape the "discernment" of the shogunate.
The samurai who served as the "Changbanren" said urgently: "You'd better come out and take a look. It seems that a lot of people have come. I estimate there are thousands of subordinates."
"How, how is it possible!"
After a while, Okubo Masanobu, who climbed up to the lookout, also saw the approaching fire dragon. He immediately ordered all his men to be on alert, string their bows, and load their muskets.
There are a total of fifty people in this checkpoint. Okubo Masanobu is the assistant, that is, the person in charge. He has one Yokomushi, eight Tsunebans, and forty pawns. In addition, there is also a person in charge.
Check out women's "people see women".
When the fire finally approached, everyone in the detention center saw clearly through the fence gate that a group of farmers in ragged clothes were coming from the opposite side. These people were carrying large and small bags, including men, women and children. When they saw the closed gate of the detention center,
After that, they immediately slowed down their pace. It wasn't until a warrior shouted to stop that they stopped ten steps outside the door.
"What do you want to do if you don't sleep well at home late at night?!"
Hearing the samurai's scolding, a man in his thirties wearing straw sandals walked out of the crowd. He handed the torch in his hand to others, walked five steps away from the door, and knelt down in the snow.
, lamented: "I beg you, gentlemen, to take pity on us, give us a way out, and let everyone pass."
After saying that, the men, women, and children behind him also knelt down.
"this!"
Okubo Tadanobu said sternly: "Are you planning to defect to Beihai Town? It's really lawless! The government has an agreement with Beihai Town. Even if you pass through the customs, Beihai Town will not take you in! Go back quickly, my officer.
Let bygones be bygones! Otherwise, swords and guns are blind!"
A warrior then said: "Have you heard what Mr. Bantou said?! Get back quickly!"
The man seemed to have expected it. He immediately stood up and said loudly to the people behind him with a look of sorrow and anger: "We work hard every day under the stars and the moon, but the government is oppressing us day by day and not even giving us a way to survive! If this is the case, how can we be afraid?
What?! It’s all death, as long as you rush through here, there is a way to survive!”
"If you fight with them, everyone will die! Instead of starving to death, it's better to rush over and make a living for your family!"
"Those who want to live, come together! Fight with them!"
As the inciters shouted, the peasants who had been begging just now suddenly turned into menacing figures. They took out hatchets, wooden sticks and other objects from their bags, and rushed towards the gate of the gate with a roar of mountains and tsunamis.
Come up.
"Sir, what should I do?!" The samurai and soldiers in the pass panicked. They didn't expect that the usually cowardly farmers would become like this.
Okubo Tadanobu saw the crumbling gate of the checkpoint, gritted his teeth and shouted: "Iron cannon! Shoot!"
Twenty shotguns were fired immediately, and the roar of the muskets broke the silence of the forest at night. Birds flew away in fright, and also woke up the Beihai Town outpost a mile away.
"There's a situation! Everyone gather!"
As a rapid whistle sounded, seven or eight soldiers from the North Navy hurriedly got dressed, rushed out of the barracks with their rifles in hand. The squad leader who led the team first sent someone to call the military camp behind to report the news, and then walked up to the sentry post.
The tower looked around. At this moment, the roar of muskets was heard again, followed by faint shouts of killing.
This chapter is not over, please click on the next page to continue reading! "What happened?"
The squad leader who led the team looked suspicious. Ever since he was assigned to guard this post, he had never heard any shots fired from the opposite side. Since the armistice between the Tokugawa Shogunate and Beihai Town, the hostile relationship between the two sides has gradually eased, and sometimes there are still shots fired at the checkpoint.
Someone will be sent to deliver gifts such as rice and sake. After asking for instructions from the outpost, they will also send some specialties from Beihai Town.
Thinking of this, he said to the deputy squad leader: "You lead five people to guard here, and I will lead two people over to take a look."
In the shogunate gate a mile away, two heavy fence doors had been pushed down by the crowds that swarmed up. Dozens of corpses were lying at the door. Some of these people were shot to death, and some were killed by two sharp swords.
He was stabbed to death with a gun; but in the courtyard of the detention center, the crowd who ignored death knocked the frightened soldiers to the ground one by one, and snatched the weapons in each other's hands.
The "people-in-law" at the checkpoint were so frightened that they hid in the toilet and shivered, while Okubo Tadanobu and other samurai had already retreated into the checkpoint because they were outnumbered.
At this time, the angry crowd seemed to have forgotten the purpose of coming here. Everyone, regardless of gender, was waving the "weapons" in their hands crazily, and surrounded the place. Then, someone threw their hands
The torch inside was thrown towards the house.
As more and more torches were thrown, the fire finally started uncontrollably. The panicked samurai stumbled out of the house, waving their samurai swords mindlessly, trying to drive away the peasants who kept approaching.
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"You, you are rebelling! If you dare to kill officials, you will be executed, executed!"
Faced with Okubo Tadanobu's howling, no one cared. They didn't intend to be obedient to the shogunate. Who cares whether you are an official or something! Seeing that the once aloof official became disheveled and disheveled, everyone felt like
Something was released, and I just felt waves of pleasure.
The squad leader of the Beihai Navy who came over with two of his men suddenly understood something when he saw the huge fire burning in the prison and the dark crowd in the courtyard. He hurriedly blew the copper whistle hanging around his neck, and the crowd's attention suddenly
Only then was I attracted.
"Beijing Navy! They are Beihai Navy!" As one person shouted, the men, women, and children in the detention center suddenly rushed to the squad leader, knelt down, and begged to be taken in, crying and howling.
The three North Marines stared blankly at the people kneeling on the ground in front of them, not knowing what to say. That night, the total number of refugees who escaped from the villages of the Kumamoto Domain into Hishikari County was 2,031.