Although Kalita led Rus to get rid of the Tatar yoke, this did not allow him and his descendants to rule Rus smoothly. The descendants of Kalita had to deal with the huge pressure from the south and Rus.
Opposition everywhere.
The legitimacy of the rule of the Kalita line comes from the grace of the Khan, that is, the appointment of the Khan. But now that the authority of the Khan has been overthrown in Rus, the legitimacy of their rule has naturally been doubted and shaken.
After all, there are still a lot of princes in various parts of Rus, and if it is based on seniority, the legitimacy of the Kalita line does not appear to be so high.
In the face of internal and external crises, in order to strengthen his rule, Kalita's son Yuri decided to move the permanent residence of the Grand Duke to Kiev, and strengthen his own legitimacy by facing the nomadic threat directly on the front line.
Although this bold move indeed greatly strengthened the legitimacy of the Kalita family, the problem still exists. In order to solve this problem more effectively, Yuri asked the church to deify the Kalita family and religiously
Finding legitimacy for the Kalita family.
At the same time, they made extensive use of the fact that Rostislav founded Moscow and the Kalita family rebuilt Moscow, frantically building relationships with their ancestors who had a powerful reputation, and using Rostislav's reputation and sanctity to increase their legitimacy.
To this end, the Kalita family performed a large number of rituals related to Rostislav, strengthening not only the reputation of their legendary ancestor, but also their own.
However, the Kalita family knows very well that in the final analysis, these are just icing on the cake. If they want to truly secure power, the key is to maintain control of the three capitals, namely Kiev, Novgorod and Moscow. These three cities must be in a
Under their direct jurisdiction, the Kalita family has the ability to overwhelm the entire Ross.
At the same time, they cannot be satisfied just because they control these three cities. Their power still needs to continue to expand and develop, so that they can become more powerful.
While fighting against various external invaders led by steppe forces, the Kalita family also gradually took power out of the hands of the princes internally, and then absorbed them into the Kiev court. In order to ensure the quality and quantity of the army
, the Kalita family carried out service real estate reforms.
Ross's second appearance was in 1412, when the Teutonic Knights and the United Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania fought an unprecedented war. Just when everyone's attention was on this war and its consequences, the Ross army
quietly crossed its western border.
Such reforms undoubtedly represent the Kalita family's high-intensity control over Rus, which is difficult for many people to accept. Therefore, they have always faced a lot of opposition, and sometimes it has even developed into a civil war.
However, after taking Kazan, Ross did not make any big moves for a long time. In addition to resisting the counterattack from the grasslands, Ross focused all its energy on digesting the newly annexed land and has continued to implement reforms within Ross.
For a while, Ross seemed very quiet, as if it had withdrawn from the European political stage.
Faced with heavy pressure from the Russian side, the United Kingdom of Poland-Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights had to abandon their disputes and turn to fight against the Russian army coming from the east.
At this moment, the Golden Horde was falling into the most chaotic moment in its history. The Khan of Sarai was replaced as if on a whim. Vasily, the then Grand Duke of Rus, seized this opportunity and launched the expansion of Bulgar.
During this period, a very important thing happened in Rus, that is, the Kalita family crowned themselves and wore the crown of the Tsar, and Rus became the Russian Tsarist State.
In the following time, almost every Russian tsar will launch a war in Eastern Europe after taking power for a period of time to demonstrate his martial virtue. As for when such a war is not launched, it means that Russia is probably destroying a certain country.
The Tatar Khanate.
The content of this reform is very simple, that is, to bind land and military service, and at the same time establish the rules in Ross that people who pay taxes will not serve in the military service, and who serve in the military will not pay taxes.
The most intense civil war broke out in 1362. Novgorod launched a rebellion to overthrow the governor of the Grand Duke, and then set off a frenzy against the Kalita family in various parts of Russia. This civil war lasted for a full five years. Fortunately,
In the end it was suppressed.
After this suppression, the Kalita family's reform of Rus was accelerated by leaps and bounds. A large number of princes died in the war, and their lands were also brought under the jurisdiction of the Kalita family. The Kalita family immediately
These lands were converted into service properties and became the driving force for Ross's expansion.
This land has gone through a lot since it was destroyed by the Mongols, but its strong people still rebuilt it and a new city was built. Now people call that city Kazan.
The capture of Kazan was regarded as the beginning of a change in the offensive and defensive dynamics of the forest and grassland. From then on, Ross would never waver in front of the grassland. On the contrary, Ross became more and more proactive when facing the grassland, and even began to step on the grassland.
On the road to the destruction of the Tatar Khanate.
This war was called the First Eastern European War because the war affected half of Europe. As for why it was the first time, after Hungary and the Holy Roman Empire came to an end, the Russians finally retreated unwillingly.
During this expansion, Russia dispatched 70,000 people, all of whom came from various military units established by today's Russia. The results of the reform were very obvious, and the conquering of Kazan by this army was also very easy. The locals were already tired of it.
Under the rule of the Tatars, they welcomed the liberation of Western Christians. It was precisely because of this that the Russians were able to take over this land so smoothly.
More than 100,000 troops were invested in this military operation. Ross's attack caught everyone off guard. Over the years, Ross has been acting as an outsider in the European situation, focusing only on the struggle with the grasslands and its internal affairs.
One would think that the Russian Tsar was actually preparing for such a war.
Although in the west, Russia continued to run into obstacles, in the east, Russia's success was remarkable. By the middle of the 15th century, Russia had controlled Lower Volga and Crimea. It can be said that the entire southern Russian steppe was under the rule of Russia.
.
It is against this background that Ross ushered in a new tsar, his name is Ivan, and he will be remembered by the entire Christian world, so he will set off the largest and most influential war.
The most powerful war in Eastern Europe completely changed the political situation of Christendom.
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This is about the future of Russia. There is not much to say next. It is nothing more than to follow the route of Imperial Russia (of course, the next step will definitely be Rurik's dynasty, not the Romanovs), and then go
To welcome the October Revolution, I will next explain some of the historical changes caused by Rostislav, such as the development of Vinland and Jerusalem.