His younger brother, Harnad Bohr, was better at mathematics, but he still didn't believe it: "The error control is so small, mathematically speaking, it is almost impossible."
Li Yu said: "But it will definitely be done, and it must be done, otherwise the two dark clouds Mr. Kelvin mentioned will not dissipate, but will become bigger and bigger."
Bohr said: "Is this kind of micro-level research the direction of physics?"
Li Yu said: "That's right, and it's a super big direction. Although it's hard to believe, there is a minimum scale in this world. Not only can ropes not be infinitely subdivided, neither can abstract time. I can only say,
This is a road full of mist, but extremely broad, and it has been impossible to reach the end for many years."
Li Yu really wanted to say that there is a minimum "resolution" in the world, but it is a bit difficult to explain after thinking about it. After all, there are no electronic screens yet.
Bohr asked: "A road to no end?"
Li Yu nodded and said, "Don't you think this is interesting?"
After all, Bohr was still young and he just liked things that were a bit challenging: "It's really interesting. I like this reasonable and awkward feeling."
Li Yu said: "Your analogy is interesting. The theory involving microscopic things has just begun. In the future, you will find that not only microscopic theories, but also macroscopic theories may be full of reasonable and awkward things."
Bohr asked again: "When I was reading Mr. Academician's article, I saw that recently published astronomy content repeatedly mentioned spectra. And there are also spectra in microscopic research. When I looked at the spectrum of hydrogen atoms, I found that it is extremely complicated.
.Hydrogen is the simplest element, but the Balmer formula involved in it already makes people feel careless and confusing. What is hidden in it?"
Li Yu sighed, he was indeed one of the three giants, and he asked cutting-edge questions.
In fact, around 1900, there were not only two dark clouds in physics, but also four extremely difficult problems in classical mechanics that could not be solved. First of all, there was the famous black body radiation problem, and the other three were:
1. The problem of hydrogen atom spectrum, which is the so-called Balmer formula. At this time, through the efforts of Mendeleev and others, we already know that hydrogen atom is the simplest element, but its spectrum has no rules. We don’t know it at all.
Knowing why it is like this, it is difficult to explain. The Balmer formula proposed by Balmer was actually guessed by his superb mathematical intuition.
2. Photoelectric effect. This will be mentioned later. The only time Einstein won the Nobel Prize in Physics was for explaining the photoelectric effect;
3. The problem of atomic stability is actually a problem of the atomic model.
Including blackbody radiation, all of them involve quantum mechanics.
Therefore, if quantum mechanics cannot be invented, these problems cannot be explained at all.
Li Yu said: "The question you asked is very sharp and very good, but I must admit again that it is difficult for me to give you an answer at the moment. Because it is very likely that many microscopic theories are very different from our understanding. In our understanding
1 is followed by 2, then 3, 4, and 5; but in the microscopic field, it is very likely that the numbers are arranged like this, without 2 and 4! This is very unreasonable and counter-intuitive, but it is true. This
It is a long-term process of building awareness, and it is difficult to gain a foothold simply by relying on one family’s words.”
Li Yu used some very euphemistic words to answer.
But in fact, quantum mechanics has always been full of controversy. Even Einstein, the top physicist of the 20th century, could not agree with quantum mechanics until his death. And until Li Yu time traveled, scientists in the field of quantum mechanics
They are also constantly arguing with each other, and of course it has developed to the level of a fight between gods.
Many people even joke that the reasonable explanation for "overestimating one's capabilities" should be: don't teach yourself quantum mechanics!
On the other hand, another dark cloud is the theory of relativity, which most scientists agree with. Those who disagree with the theory of relativity are basically "scientists" from a certain news station or a certain website that are not even considered civilian science.
In short, quantum mechanics is really difficult to fully explain, not to mention that it is still in its infancy.
It is precisely because it is so difficult to explain that there is the famous saying "Indecisiveness, quantum mechanics".
——Don’t worry about the mess, that’s all!
Although Li Yu tried his best to explain it in plain language, everyone still expressed confusion.
Bohr asked: "Speaking of which, there are also some aspects of Balmer's formula that make people feel strange."
Li Yu said: "This is just like the Bode formula about the planets in the solar system. They are all empirical formulas. Once the correct theory comes out, it is untenable."
Bode's formula is an empirical formula about the distances between planets in the solar system. Although it is obviously made up, it did play some role in early human exploration of the solar system. The discovery of several planets was inspired by it to a certain extent, including small ones.
Discovery of the planetary belt.
Bohr continued to ask: "But this empirical formula feels more reasonable. On the contrary, what the academician just said is unreasonable, isn't it wrong?"
Li Yu said: "I can still ask you this, is common sense necessarily correct?"
Bohr was a little stunned for a moment, and it was not just him, everyone was a little shocked.
But soon everyone discovered that this kind of consternation was perfectly normal. We were all top students in the School of Science, and we knew that the rapid progress of modern science was based on constant "abnormality". Many things that we thought were impossible or even wrong in the past were completely eliminated.
Achieved.
With Li Yu's status, he would not lie casually.
Bohr was the quickest to be relieved: "Mr. Academician Xie!"
Li Yu is actually feeling very depressed, but he really can't talk to him much now.
Fortunately, a giant will always be a giant. Now it is just a "seedling of a giant" and will grow up sooner or later.
After that, others asked many questions, and Li Yu answered them one by one.
This speech was also successfully completed in such an exchange.
Paterson, academician and president of the Danish Academy of Sciences, was very satisfied with the effect of the speech: "Mr. Academician is indeed a man of great wisdom, and this format can also inspire students."
Li Yu said: "As long as it is useful."
In fact, this format is still popular in many European universities in later generations.
Bohr and his brother Harnard Bohr suddenly ran over: "Mr. Academician, you just said you wanted to play football with us, right?"
Li Yu was stunned for a moment, then smiled and said: "Yes!"
The Bohr brothers said happily: "Great! Even if we lose, we will admit it!"
Li Yu said: "I am not a rookie."
Bohr asked: "What position will the academician play?"
Li Yu said: "Let's play in the midfield."
Bohr said: "It just complements the formation. Everyone is willing to be the forward, and no one wants to be behind."
There was no offside rule in football matches at the beginning of the 20th century, and there were even extreme combinations of nine forwards and one defender, or seven forwards and three defenders.
Li Yu said: "But I have no clothes."
Bohr looked at his suit and said, "I'll find one for you!"
Bohr was not short in height, but tall men like Li Yu, who was 1.8 meters tall, were even rarer at this time.
Fortunately, the sportswear is relatively loose and fits Li Yu well.
When we came to the green field, the momentum of the seminary opposite was very strong. The captain said to Bohr: "If you lose, you must recite scriptures in front of me!"
Bohr said: "Even if God comes, I will definitely win!"
After the kick-off, Li Yu's defensive awareness was obviously better. After all, the 433 and 424 formations that were common in later generations of football placed a high emphasis on defense.
Li Yu seized the opportunity and passed a long pass to Harnard Bohr, Bohr's younger brother, in the frontcourt.
Stopping the ball is difficult, but long passes are much easier. As for offensive ability, it depends on Hannard.
And under this no-offside rule, the offensive nature of long passes is really strong.
Hannard lived up to expectations. After receiving the ball, there were few defenders and he volleyed into the goal.
Bohr excitedly went over and hugged his brother: "Well done!"
The subsequent defensive counterattacks were all brilliant. Li Yu fully instilled his responsibilities as a midfielder and defender. He defended on the one hand and organized the offense on the other. Although he could not score a goal, his role was still very strong.
The final score was fixed at 4-1, which was a great victory.
His younger brother, Harnad Bohr, was a sensible man and said to Li Yu: "Thanks to Mr. Academician's long biography! It's so effective!"
Bohr was also very happy: "Academician is such a good player, please participate in more competitions in the future!"
Li Yu thought about it, but there was really no environment for playing football after returning to China.
This kind of happiness is both short-lived and precious.
Li Yu smiled and said: "If there is a chance, we can still play football together."
It feels really amazing to play football with a legendary figure like Bohr.
Bohr is very young now, but he is really smart. He is almost the youngest among his peers in school.
It feels very much like a young genius.
Bohr's excitement has not subsided: "It's so relieved to win the seminary! They have debated with me many times, but I just can't beat them."
Li Yu smiled and said: "Of course, you can beat them by playing football, but how can you think of debating the seminary?"
Bohr said seriously: "Why is it impossible? God obviously does not exist."
Li Yu said: "I have mentioned about falsifiability before at the University of Paris. If you read more, you will understand why the seminary cannot win the debate. They only need a few words that cannot distinguish the truth from the false.
Refute others.”
Bohr said: "This is completely unreasonable, at least not on university campuses. It must be reasonable."
Li Yu said: "It's like a chicken talking to a duck, and they can't understand each other."
Bohr said: "That won't work. They are all alumni after all. I can't let them persist in their obsession."
Li Yu didn't expect that the young Bohr was quite philanthropic, so he joked: "Maybe it won't be long before you think God is playing dice."
Bohr shook his head: "How could I say such inferior things!"
Li Yu laughed and said: "It's very good."
This was the most famous statement in the later debate between Bohr and Einstein.
It's just that Einstein said at the beginning that "God does not play dice", and Bohr responded: "Einstein, don't tell God what to do."
After that, many people didn’t know why they were led to believe in God.
It is estimated that these people themselves did not understand why Einstein and Bohr said these two sentences.
Just like many people studied theology through Newton in his later years, and then said nonsense "the end of science is theology".
They did not study what exactly Newton and others did and why they studied theology. They made ridiculous conclusions without considering any internal factors.
At this time, Bohr was a staunch follower of science and said to Li Yu: "Where is the standard?"
Li Yu said mysteriously again: "You will understand it yourself in the future."
Bohr felt even more confused, but Li Yu did not elaborate further.