The concession in Tianjin is different from that in Shanghai and is more complicated.
The concessions in Shanghai actually developed into only public concessions and French concessions.
However, Tianjin is known as the "Nine Concessions" and has: British Concession, French Concession, American Concession, Belgian Concession, Austro-Hungarian Concession, Italian Concession, German Concession, Japanese Concession and Russian Concession.
However, the United States and Belgium have basically not developed much. The real development is mainly in the British and French concessions.
The theater where Li Yu and others listened to cross talk and watched the opera was located in the French Concession. Now that the Haihe River has been dredged, the French Concession is almost the place with the most active commercial activities.
Li Yu asked curiously: "Master Huo, the business of escort agencies in various places is booming now, why didn't you inherit the family business?"
Huo Yuanjia said: "Ever since I saw the train and the post office, I knew that the escort agency could not compete with the foreigners, and I was not used to the domineering foreigners, so I came out to make a living. And..."
Huo Yuanjia took a sip of wine and continued: "And since Fifth Brother passed away, I don't want to do this business anymore."
Li Yu said: "Could it be that the fifth brother mentioned by Master Huo is the fifth brother of Big Sword King?"
Huo Yuanjia seemed to be infinitely sentimental in his heart and said: "That's right. Back then, the fifth brother and Tan Sitong, the reformer in the capital, were brothers and served as his security guard. After Tan Sitong died, the fifth brother risked his own life to collect his body and send it back to his hometown in Hunan.
Later, Fifth Brother participated in the Boxer Movement, and the Shunyuan Escort Bureau he founded was besieged, outnumbered, arrested, and eventually shot dead."
Huo Yuanjia clenched his wine glass: "The hateful foreigners killed Fifth Brother, cut off his head, and hung it high on the city gate to show the public. So I sneaked in at night and took off the head so that Fifth Brother could have a complete body."
Huo Yuanjia took another sip of wine and said, "The Bodyguard Bureau...hey, the Bodyguard Bureau has no future. We can protect the bodyguards, but we can't protect our brothers, our country."
Li Yu remembered that he had watched "Fang Shiyu" played by Jet Li, and there was a highly explosive scene in which Fang Shiyu's friend refused to betray him, and was beaten to death by Qing soldiers and hung in the city gate, and then Fang Shiyu went to collect the body.
It is quite similar to Wang Wu's collection of Tan Sitong's corpse and Huo Yuanjia's collection of Wang Wu's corpse.
Also, after Qiu Jin died, her friend Wu Zhiying risked her life to collect the body.
In fact, the Escort Bureau appeared in the Qing Dynasty, and there was no such thing before.
And it should have only started to flourish during the Qianlong period.
Because in turbulent times, the escort agency is completely helpless.
"Dream of Red Mansions", as an encyclopedia of feudal society, has not yet recorded the escort agency.
The Ming Dynasty's "Jin Ping Mei" also did not mention it.
Huo Yuanjia is much closer than Huang Feihong. Li Yu said: "Maybe I will have the opportunity to learn two moves from Master Huo in the future."
Huo Yuanjia said: "I am just a martial artist. The emperor's master has the talent to manage the world and help the country. What is the need to learn these things? You are responsible for outsmarting foreigners mentally. I can do the physical things for a rough man like me."
Nong Jinsun said: "Yes, and times have changed. Back then we saw many Boxing masters who were good at martial arts, but under the guns of foreigners, there was no one who was invulnerable."
Nong Jinsun studied in Japan in his early years and was a staunch supporter of Dr. Sun Yat-sen. Later he joined the Tongmenghui. His pharmacy in Tianjin was also Mr. Sun Yat-sen's secret liaison office.
So Nong Jinsun looks at things more rationally.
Li Yu said: "Sir, I understand thoroughly, but there is absolutely nothing wrong with strengthening your body."
Nong Jinsun agreed: "Opium has been poisoning us for many years, so we should strengthen our health."
Nowadays, opium is not completely banned, and it will cause harm for many years. Even Zhang Xueliang was addicted to opium.
Li Yu said: "Master Huo only needs to teach you a few tricks to defend yourself."
Li Yu has now mastered pistol training. Although he knows it is enough, when he sees famous people like Huo Yuanjia and Huang Feihong, his hands are itchy and he always wants to learn.
Where can I find a martial arts teacher of this level?
Huo Yuanjia said: "That's easy to say. If the emperor's master comes to Tianjin again, I will definitely teach him with all my money."
Li Yu smiled and said: "Master Lao Huo is here."
In fact, Huo Yuanjia is indeed very leisurely now and doesn't have much to do. Unlike Huang Feihong, who still has to take care of Bao Zhilin.
——
Patent Office, Bern, Switzerland.
Einstein stared at his watch. When the second hand jumped to 12, he immediately got up to get off work, but as soon as he got up, he was stopped by the director.
"Einstein, there is an urgent matter that needs your attention. It is the patent on signal transmission and switching."
Einstein said: "Director, I have read the application manuscript, and I think it has room for improvement."
The director said: "You are a patent examiner. Whether it can be improved is not something you have to consider. If it can be achieved, it should be approved."
Einstein looked at his watch again: "Okay, Director, I will take care of it tomorrow."
Einstein wanted to run out, but was stopped by the director again: "Einstein, you have to finish it today, because the customer has already complained to me."
Einstein was quite helpless: "Director, I actually made an appointment with Professor Kleiner of the University of Bern today."
The director asked: "Is it about physics?"
Einstein said frankly: "Yes, Director."
The director said: "If I were you, I would definitely do the job at hand first, because it is your responsibility and it also allows you to support yourself and your family. As for your spare time, you should do it after you finish your work."
Einstein had no choice. After all, the director was usually kind to him, so he could only do as he said.
Two hours later, Einstein hurried to a coffee shop and said to a professor: "Professor Kleiner, I'm sorry, I just got off work."
Kleiner was helpless and said: "If it weren't for the courtesy of a gentleman, I would have left. It's great to see you now, but I have to tell you that one hour and seven minutes have passed since the meeting time."
Einstein said: "Actually, Professor Kleiner, when it comes to time, I think a lot about time."
"Time?" Professor Kleiner asked, "Are you saying that you want to discuss engineering again and how to make clocks? This is in line with the Swiss style. But it is a pity that if you are not punctual, you will not be able to make clocks."
Einstein quickly said: "Sorry, professor, I admit it was my mistake, but please read my paper carefully. As you know, it is difficult to publish it in a regular academic journal without the signature of your supervisor or professor.
."
Professor Kleiner said angrily: "If you come as promised, I will definitely watch, but you have already wasted an extra hour and 0, oh, an hour and 8 minutes of me. Sorry, I have to leave!"
Einstein begged: "Please give me a minute, and I will explain the proposal of the paper to you soon."
"One minute?" Professor Kleiner said, "Okay, I'll just listen to what you can say in one minute."
Einstein sorted out his thoughts and said quickly: "Mr. Professor, everyone thinks that light is a wave, right? But I can prove that when light propagates from any place, it is composed of a limited number of energy quanta. It is more interesting.
What's interesting is that these energy quanta can only be produced or absorbed in their entirety."
Einstein finished speaking in one breath, then took a breath and said with a smile: "Look, Professor, it took me less than a minute."
Professor Kleiner thought for a moment and asked: "What exactly do you want to say?"
Einstein said: "Do you remember the paper on the photoelectric effect written by Mr. Philip Leonard? He discovered the photoelectric effect, and although he speculated that sometimes light may not be a wave, he could not explain why this was the case."
Philip Leonard is an interesting experimental physicist. He actually had the opportunity to become the first inventor of many important physical discoveries, but he was always a little slow.
He missed the discovery of cathode rays, which are electrons, missed the discovery of X-rays, and missed the atomic model.
In other words, Leonard himself discovered that cathode rays are negatively charged; he built an instrument and almost took X-ray photos; later he discovered that high-energy cathode rays can pass through atoms, and based on this phenomenon, he correctly deduced the internal structure of atoms.
Space is relatively empty.
These all sound like super cool discoveries, but...
The final discovery of electrons fell to Thomson; the discovery of X-rays made Roentgen a leading figure in physics in Germany; Rutherford proposed a nuclear model of atoms that is generally accepted by future generations through a particle scattering experiments!
All are Nobel Prizes!
By the way, when Leonard was studying the emission of light, he also correctly speculated that the emission of light is related to the release and return of electrons, but it is a pity that he did not continue his research further.
What happened next?
It’s the energy level orbit proposed by Bohr, the master of quantum mechanics!
Or a Nobel Prize!
And all of them are the most valuable physics prizes among the Nobel Prizes! (Except Rutherford)
Two years ago, he discovered the correct nature of the photoelectric effect through experiments: the photoelectric effect is only related to the frequency of light and has nothing to do with brightness.
(The so-called photoelectric effect simply means that when light illuminates a metal plate, an electric current is generated, which is "photoelectricity".)
But Leonard's experiment confirmed that if the frequency is not enough, no matter how strong the light intensity is, the photoelectric effect will not occur. And if the frequency is high, even a very weak light intensity can produce the photoelectric effect.
This is completely contrary to everyone's common sense.
In other words, it completely deviates from the wave theory of light.
Professor Kleiner from the University of Bern in front of him had naturally read Philip Leonard's paper, touched his beard and said to Einstein: "You continue to talk."
Einstein said: "This is what my paper is about. Leonard can't explain it, guess who can explain it?"
Professor Kleiner looked at Einstein and asked: "You?"
"Yes!" Einstein said. He paused and felt that it was inappropriate to say so. Then he added, "No! It should be Professor Planck! I think I can use his Planck constant to explain the photoelectric effect and prove it.
Light actually has a duality."
After Einstein finished speaking, he handed the paper to Professor Kleiner and looked at him with joy.
Professor Kleiner adjusted his glasses, looked at the beginning of Einstein's paper, and said: "Duality?"
Einstein quickly said: "Yes, to put it another way, light is not only a wave, but also a particle."
After hearing this, Professor Kleiner immediately returned the paper to Einstein, and then said: "I'm not talking in my sleep, am I? You want to use a paper to prove that the basic laws of physics since 1678 are actually wrong? That's two hundred
……two hundred……"
Einstein continued: "226 years."
Professor Kleiner said: "That's right, you want to refute the 226-year-old solid laws of physics! What a joke! You'd better come to me if you want to understand. You young people always think that you can shock the world and become a world-famous person with an idea.
A great man like Newton is actually far worse."
After hearing Professor Kleiner's words, Einstein's heart immediately became cold, as if he had eaten an ice pimple in the cold winter. However, he finally made an appointment with a professor and had to fight for it.
"Professor Kleiner, you should still remember the magical genius of Eastern science Li Yu. He has used rigorous mathematics to prove that Professor Planck's formula is correct and is not pieced together. So, I think Mr. Planck
That’s right.”
Professor Kleiner picked up his hat from the table and put it on, and then said: "You mean, Planck also believed that light is a particle? I have never heard of this at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin."
"But, Professor Kleiner, if you read my paper in full, you might find that I am right..." Einstein argued.
Professor Kleiner didn't want to do this. He turned around and said, "I'm not the editor of a small magazine. I don't have time to read messy and ridiculous papers. What's more, you are not even a professional physics researcher."
Einstein looked quite sad as Professor Kleiner left.
His original wish was to become a university lecturer after graduation, but when he was studying at the ETH Zurich, he had a bad relationship with a professor because of a moment of anger, which made him unwilling to write a letter of recommendation, so he had no chance to enter the university as a physicist.
Study professor.
Einstein returned home listlessly on his bicycle.
His wife Mileva asked curiously: "Aren't you happy at work today?"
Einstein sat down slumped: "No."
Mileva asked again: "Then why are you looking like this?"
Einstein took out his thesis: "I finally made an appointment with a physics professor from the University of Bern today, but he just listened to my proposal report and expressed that he was not interested at all."
Mileva knew that Einstein's dream had always been to engage in physics research, and encouraged him: "If you think it is correct, you can publish the paper."
Einstein said: "Without the signature of the supervisor or professor, those formal academic journals are simply unwilling to review manuscripts."
Mileva said: "Do I have to review the manuscript?"
Einstein said: "Of course, otherwise if there is an error in publishing it, it will be even more difficult to turn around. But now no one believes in my theory at all."
Mileva thought for a while and said: "You can go to the Chinese Li Yu from before."
Einstein's eyes lit up: "That's right, I can send him the article to read first!"
Einstein immediately came to his desk, transcribed the paper, and then sent it to the capital at Li Yuliu's address.
He even thought it was not fast enough and planned to send a telegram to tell him the matter in advance.
Unfortunately, the director of the Patent Office has not left in the past few days. As a result, he cannot use the telegraph machine of the Patent Office and can only send telegrams at his own expense at the telegraph office.
The speed of telegraph is very fast.
When Li Yu returned to his residence in the capital, he immediately saw Einstein's telegram.
"Dear Eastern friend Mr. Li Yu, I recently completed a paper on explaining the photoelectric effect. As discussed with you before, I boldly used Planck's quantum theory, which I think can perfectly explain the photoelectric effect. But
But no one around me could understand or even accept it, and the professors were even less willing to deal with a clinical student like me.
When the third-level patent officer was discussing physics. So I thought of you. I always remember the weekend when I talked heartily with you about physics. It reminded me of a legend about bosom friends in China. I hope you can carefully examine my
The paper, it's on its way in the mail. Besides, it will be better to communicate by telegraph then."
Fengling said to Li Yu: "Sir, this German seems to be very rich. It is rare to send such a long private telegram."
Fengling counted the numbers: "According to the current price of 1.2 cents per word, this private telegram cost more than 20 silver dollars."
Li Yu smiled and said, "Whether you have money or not is another question, but he is very talented."
Einstein's income at the Patent Office in Bern, Switzerland, is about 4,000 Swiss francs a year, which is definitely a high-income group.
Swiss francs correspond to French francs one-to-one.
The current income of ordinary French people is around 300-800 francs.
If converted into U.S. dollars, Einstein's annual income of 800 U.S. dollars is indeed good, and he can help his family live at least a middle-class life in Bern.
When he got a temporary job at the Patent Office in Bern, Switzerland, he immediately wrote to his wife Mileva: "We will become very rich soon."
Of course, the requirements for this position are not low. To be more precise, it is not a "small clerk", it should be said to be an engineer.
The job advertisement clearly states: It is required to have received higher education in mechanical technology or physics, and to master German, French, and Italian.
This requirement alone can eliminate a large number of so-called pseudo-public intellectuals who "just got off the plane in the United States" in modern times.
What's more, at the beginning of the 20th century, the university penetration rate was very low.