Li Yu naturally couldn't rush the busy Planck, and even if he started reviewing the manuscript, it would take at least ten days and a half, or even longer. Who said this paper involving the theory of relativity is too explosive? It is really serious and not at all
Exaggerated earthquake shatters three views.
However, Planck had already completed the review of Einstein's article on the existence of molecules. With this article and Planck's approval, Einstein could obtain a doctorate from the Institute of Technology in Zurich this year.
We can only let things come one by one.
Planck asked Li Yu: "Are you interested in attending this defense meeting? You should know something about optics, otherwise you wouldn't do that weird single-photon experiment."
Li Yu was fine, so he agreed: "If there is no impact, I will join in the fun."
Laue's surname contains "von" (von). In German, anyone with "von" in their name basically has a noble family with a fiefdom in their ancestors.
According to tradition, "von" should be added to the title, which is von Laue. Laue's father was a high-ranking official in the army, and was later made a hereditary noble.
Therefore, Laue is a prince with a title. Although it is not as high as the title of the later de Broglie, Germany's emphasis on the army can be said to be unrivaled in Europe. The status of the von Laue family is not low in Germany.
.
Otherwise, how could he become Planck's assistant?
It's all just human nature... right...
Including the fact that de Broglie passed his doctoral defense after that, it must have nothing to do with his grandfather being the French Prime Minister and his father being the Minister of Defense!
Well, it doesn't matter!
Planck took out Laue's thesis. When Laue left the University of Göttingen and went to the University of Berlin to join him, he once said that he was better at theoretical optics.
Starting from Kirchhoff (the earliest man who studied spectroscopy), the University of Berlin has always attached great importance to theoretical optics. Now it has been passed down to Planck, who also maintained the tradition of his predecessors in setting up theoretical optics seminars.
Li Yu went over and took a look. The title of Laue's doctoral thesis was "Studying the Interference Theory of Parallel Interfaces Using the Principle of Energy Conservation", which was a topic about wave optics.
Li Yu smiled and said: "If it's wave optics, I can only listen."
Planck naturally understood the meaning of Li Yu's words: "Now not only Germany, but the entire European continent is more advocating the wave theory of light."
Li Yu laughed and said: "Of course I admit that light is a kind of wave, but I also think that it is a kind of particle."
Planck corrected Li Yu: "Your word 'simultaneously' was used without consideration."
Li Yu spread his hands: "You have also read Einstein's photoelectric effect paper, and you know what I want to say."
Planck had no choice but to say euphemistically: "This matter needs to be further verified and requires many scientific colleagues to consult in detail."
As the master who first proposed quantum, Planck also read Einstein's hypothesis about "light quanta" in the photoelectric effect. In fact, he also accepted this theory deep down in his heart.
However, Planck is, after all, a middle-aged man in his forties with a social status, and it is impossible for him to openly make such aggressive claims.
Moreover, since the beginning of the wave-particle battle of light more than 300 years ago, the European continent's Huygens' wave theory defeated the British Newton's particle theory.
The butt decides the stance, and continental Europe’s insistence on the wave theory is very traditional.
And the fact is that it was indeed Young's double-slit interference experiment that nailed Newton's particle theory to the coffin board.
If, just if, the particles are said to be resurrected, the British people on the other side will definitely be very happy.
No matter whether it is France, which has been enmity for a century, or the emerging Germany, which has just become the number one in the European continent, they will not allow this kind of thing to happen. Just thinking about the arrogance of the British people is unbearable...
In the afternoon, Laue’s thesis defense was officially held.
Li Yu sat in the back with several teachers who were not on the defense committee.
After the defense committee members arrived, Li Yu couldn't help but exclaimed: This lineup is so luxurious!
First it was Planck, Laue’s mentor, then Nernst, professor of physical chemistry and director of the Second Institute of Chemistry at the University of Berlin, Emil Warburg, director of the Department of Physics at the University of Berlin, mathematician Hermann Schwarz,
and the German philosopher Paulson.
Including Laue, there are three Nobel Prize winners.
(Although Li Yu took the credit from some people, the Nobel Prize is often wrong to people. Regardless of Laue or Nernst, they will definitely not be deprived of the Nobel Prize. After all, these people have many credits in other areas.
)
The five judges sat down in the front row one by one, and then Laue began his defense.
His doctoral thesis studied the reflection and interference phenomena of light after passing through a medium. The entire article was theoretical and had no experimental content.
In the end, the jury unanimously gave an "excellent" evaluation.
Laue went on to express his thanks, and the figures he mentioned were all famous in the history of science. In addition to the defense committee members above, there were also Braun (the 1909 Nobel Prize winner in physics), Hilbert, and Clay.
Because, Wallach (winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1910), Röntgen and more than a dozen big figures in today's scientific world.
Li Yuguang felt his scalp numb when he heard these names. It was extraordinary for a person to meet one or two of them as mentors.
Laue has five Nobel Prize winners in his list of acknowledgments alone, and has had direct contact with all of them, but his study time with the masters varied.
Laue's luck was so good that even his later success in winning the Nobel Prize was partly due to luck.
It's like eating a good-luck fruit.
After the defense, Planck concluded: "We will streamline this paper and submit it to the "Annals of Physics" for publicity."
Those with a background are different. Soon this doctoral thesis was published in the "Annals of Physics" and was even reduced from the original 58 pages to 19 pages.
What does this mean?
It’s very watery! It’s okay to reduce this much...
Let’s look at our patent officer Einstein. Even though his paper was of high quality, he still had to wait in line for publication.
Of course, Laue later had a good personal relationship with Einstein.
——
Here in Berlin, thanks to the laboratory sponsored by Siemens, the experimental conditions are still good.
Li Yu has been researching cathode ray tubes recently. This thing is very popular, but for pure research on cathode rays, he has basically done everything that should be done at the experimental level.
But even so, there is still a lot of room for development in the future, and it is very large: such as monitors, radars, electron microscopes, oscilloscopes, etc.
It's just that the current cathode ray tube lacks the two key technologies of hot cathode and high vacuum, making it impossible to apply in the above-mentioned aspects.
Li Yu definitely understood the principles related to cathode ray tubes, but the technology of cathode ray tubes was really too old for him, and he had to continue to explore it.
Just like after you are used to modern automatic rifles, and you are suddenly given a muzzle-loading gun without rifling, matchlock trigger, manual loading of ammunition, and even standard bullets, you will definitely be confused.
Fortunately, the extreme lack of entertainment activities at the beginning of the 20th century meant that there was no shortage of time. When there was nothing to do, tinkering could be used as entertainment.
The laboratories built by Siemens are equipped with apartments, so accommodation is not a problem.
During his stay in Germany, Li Yu quickly improved his familiarity with these old experimental equipment and exercised his experimental abilities.
In November, the Netherlands sent an invitation notice.
The envelope is made of very high-quality parchment, and after opening it, you can see why it is so luxurious: there are two letters inside, one is written by Lorenz, and the other is a personal letter from Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands.
Wilhelmina is the most respected queen in Dutch history. She reigned for a long time. She ascended the throne at the age of ten in 1890 and remained queen for 58 years until the throne was given to her daughter in 1948.
In later generations, everyone will feel that the Netherlands is just a small, wealthy Nordic country, but at the beginning of the 20th century, the Netherlands was an absolute power in Europe. Even with the rise of Britain and the defeat of the Franco-Dutch War, the reputation of sea coachmen was no longer there, but the Netherlands still had
Huge overseas territories, namely Indonesia, the Netherlands Antilles and Suriname.
The area of overseas territories is more than 60 times that of the Netherlands; the population is also as high as 38 million, more than 6 times that of the Netherlands.
At this time, the Netherlands' economic development level was already quite high, and foreign trade transactions were of great importance to the entire European continent; the banking and financial industries had always been its traditional strengths, and even one in ten Dutch people worked in the banking and financial systems.
After that, due to its neutral status during the First World War, it made a lot of money, and it became the "Utopia" and the fat man in Europe.
Li Yu had a good impression of the Netherlands. There was no deep hatred between the Netherlands and China. The main reason was that the acts of aggression they provoked all ended in disastrous defeats.
The first time was when he was driven away from Treasure Island by Zheng Chenggong. Everyone knows this very well.
Later, during the Korean War, the United States formed the United Nations Army, and the Netherlands sent 800 soldiers to form the Dutch Battalion. During the Fourth Battle, the volunteers unexpectedly encountered the Dutch Battalion while passing through. With just one encounter, the Dutch Battalion was completely wiped out in less than 20 minutes.
.
I have been really scared since then.
In fact, as a country with a small territory, the best strategy is not to use force, handle diplomacy well, and focus on trade. - No one would have thought that a lunatic like Mustache would appear later.
Li Yuting wanted to meet the rumored Three Musketeers of the Dutch Nobel Prize.
Queen Wilhelmina's letter also invited the talented Bicheng, hoping to see what it means to be a "talented man and a beautiful woman".
The Netherlands has always been good at doing business. In order to do business, there are naturally many people who understand foreign languages. This idiom is used quite accurately. These four words in the letter are even written in Chinese.
Lu Bicheng was very happy after seeing it and immediately prepared her luggage.
After they set off for the station, Konoe Ayuki in the room couldn't help but fell into deep thought: The situation was getting worse and worse. I really couldn't figure out how she was better than him.
In terms of beauty, she can't compare to her; in terms of intelligence, Konoe Akiyuki is absolutely confident that she is much better than her, but the reality is that she is slapped in the face time and time again.