Chapter 161 The Nancha Troubles (Thirty-Eight) Qualitative Change
As before, Gao pragmatic learned about the victory in northern Liaoning half a day earlier than the official channel of the imperial court. He learned the news in the evening of that day, and the official post sent the news to the capital at midnight. However, because the news of victory was not more urgent than
Military information, so the report of victory was left in the Yamen of the Ministry of War and lay there for half a night. It was not until the officials of the Ministry of War opened it the next day that it was known to the court.
Perhaps it was because the imperial court had reported many victories in recent years. Even though more than 1,600 cavalry were beheaded in the Battle of Northern Liaoning, it did not cause much sensation. On the contrary, the accompanying news was more eye-catching than the victories.
There were two and a half messages sent along with the victory report. One was that Nurhaci had an agreement with the Mongols to invade the Hada tribe in Nanguan, and had planned to join forces with Tumen; the other was that the Yehe tribe deeply felt the kindness of the Ming Dynasty and officially
An envoy to pay tribute was sent and was heading to the capital.
Although the first piece of news was irritating, to be honest it was not surprising. In fact, when the court heard that Nurhaci was going north to welcome his bride, everyone had already guessed the reason. Now that the evidence is conclusive, it is nothing more than giving
It's just nails on the coffin board, so there's no need to be shocked.
The second piece of news is also foreshadowing. A few days ago, Cao Yun had Shangshu talk about this matter, and the court also agreed. Now Ye He's tribute envoy has "officially" set off, which is in full compliance with the court regulations. As for Ye He's hopes
We boarded a ship at Yingkou and took the sea route to Beijing, and the imperial court gave "special approval" permission.
The really shocking news was the remaining "half piece". Cao Yun mentioned a few words in his victory book, saying that after recapturing Yehexi City, he found Tumen's missing body in the mansion of the city lord of Xicheng where Tumen had temporarily lived.
and the letter taken away. Some clues were found from the letter, which may involve someone providing gunpowder to the Mongols in large quantities.
Cao Yu said that because he considered that Tumen might have deliberately framed Zhongliang, he would not submit clues or evidence for the time being. After an investigation, he would make a detailed report.
This half of the news is far more exciting than the first two for the princes of the imperial court.
First of all, since Cao Yu dared to bring up this matter, it means that he must have "clues" in his hand; secondly, since Cao Yu did not hide anything, it is obvious that the person involved in this matter is neither himself nor the Shi School of thought.
A series of officials or generals; in the end, Cao Yun's half-spoken "eye-catching" is more unsettling than directly exposing it. Because even if he didn't do it himself, what if it was his ally or even an official recommended by himself?
What did you do?
If it is done by an ally, out of "morality", one must always lend a helping hand and try to rescue him; if it is done by an official recommended by oneself, it would be even worse. In the early years when Gao Gong was reforming the bureaucracy, he had
One principle has been repeatedly emphasized: even if the person being promoted is punished for something, the recommender also needs to bear joint and several liability.
For this reason, many officials, especially those with higher status, began secretly "self-examination and self-correction" to recall who they had recommended to go to Liaodong.
Of course, there are still some people who hope that this matter was not done by local officials or generals. It is best if a local powerful man chooses to take risks because of financial obsession or other reasons. Then everything will be fine. The so-called dead Taoist friend will not die of the poor Taoist.
, but for Ming officials, due to various reasons, it was sometimes difficult to separate the Taoist friends and the poor Taoists, so it was best to kill an unrelated person.
But there are also some smart people who know at a glance that something is not good, so they start to think of other solutions.
Shen Shixing and Wang Xijue are obviously smart people. Judging from their test scores that year, these two people are extremely smart: they are the top and second place winners in the same ranking.
As soon as the two of them read the news, they knew that the matter was probably related to Li Chengliang. This was also the reason why Cao Yu wanted to give up.
Involving Li Chengliang now means involving the Xin School, and Li Chengliang's situation is very special. As long as the Xin School still wants to get a piece of the pie in the war to destroy the Yuan Dynasty three or four years later, and does not let the Shi School be the best, then Li Chengliang will almost
He is an indispensable figure.
Shen Shixing took the initiative to invite Wang Xijue to his room, and the two began to discuss countermeasures.
Before Gao Jingshi got involved in Liaodong, Li Chengliang controlled most of the private markets in Liaodong. Even those who were not directly involved had to lose money to him, which was roughly equivalent to paying protection fees.
After Gao Pragmatic's forces entered Liaodong, the situation was slightly reversed. With its strong economic power and trading capabilities, Jinghua developed in the short period of time when Gao Pragmatic was in charge of Liaodong, and controlled four large-scale private markets and
Nine private markets of average size but relatively important.
Although in terms of the number of private markets, Jinghua is only about half of Li Chengliang, but in terms of trade volume, the two sides are almost evenly divided.
Li Chengliang went from dominating the private market in Liaodong to competing 50-50 with Jinghua, and the pressure in his heart was obviously huge. Although Jinghua's entry was actually based on the consistent purpose of "making the cake bigger" and increased the trade volume of the entire Liaodong, for Li Chengliang
The impact of "absolute income" is not big, but after all, Li Chengliang is used to being a local snake. Now that a powerful dragon suddenly comes over, it is difficult to say how he will react.
It is not cost-effective to go head-to-head with Jinghua on the surface, and Li Chengliang is not very courageous as a military general. Although his backing supporter Shen Shixing is the first assistant, he has also shown a lack of suppression against Gao Pragmatic in recent years. Li Chengliang like
Of course, a smart person would not throw eggs against stones.
Under such circumstances, it is completely understandable to "develop" some new ways to make money.
Wang Xijue said to Shen Shixing: "The imperial court has not been trading with Chahar for a long time, but Chahar does not have Ming Dynasty goods? No, Chahar has always been able to get all kinds of goods, doesn't Yuan Fu know?"
Shen Shixing could only smile bitterly in return, of course he knew this situation.
In the fourth year of Longqing, Wang Chonggu was appointed as the governor of Shanxi Xuanda Military Affairs, and he advocated for negotiation and mutual trade with Anda. Under the strong support of Gao Gong, Zhang Juzheng and other important officials of the court, in the fifth year of Longqing, the Ming Dynasty conferred the title of "King of Shunyi" on Mongolian Anda Khan. In the same year
With the opening of tribute and mutual trade, Zhangjiakou became the earliest frontier trade port to Mongolia.
In addition to the official market, Wang Chonggu also promoted private Ming-Mongolian trade. As a result, under the situation of peace negotiations between the Ming Dynasty and Mongolia, the scale of trade between the Ming Dynasty and Mongolia became larger and larger. "The border rest starts from Yanyong in the east and reaches the seven towns of Jiayu in the west. Thousands of people
The army and the people here are happy, there is no need for military reforms, and they save seventy-seven dollars per year."
The resulting social effects not only provided Xuanhua and Datong with a long-term peaceful environment, but also led to a continuous return of population. In the past, Mongolian soldiers often went south to attack, and the locals fled to other places. Now that Ming and Mongolia have negotiated peace, there is no need to
There were worries about war, and the opening of the border horse market also provided opportunities for doing business, so everyone went here.
But this brings up another problem, that is, Tumut has the power to conduct any trade with the Ming Dynasty, including exchanging horses, cattle, sheep, etc. for any type of goods they want.
Tumut is now almost a die-hard brother of the Ming Dynasty. They can buy and sell the products of the Ming Dynasty. There is no problem, and this is what Gao Pragmatic has always insisted on before. However, although the relationship between Tumut and Chahar is tense,
But after all, they share the same roots, and the "Great Khans" on both sides are descendants of Genghis Khan, so the confrontation is a confrontation, and it is actually impossible to sever ties.
Especially the connection in business and trade cannot be cut off easily. Even if Han Naji is ordered to do so, there must be policies and countermeasures. What's more, it is more convenient for the Mongols to contact each other than the Ming Dynasty. The border between them
There are not many clear boundaries, and some tribes and generals trade secretly among themselves, making it impossible to find out Han Naji even if they are investigated at all.
This kind of thing not only happens now, but even in the original history it led to the so-called "Shanxi merchants and traitors".
At that time, the Jurchens in Jianzhou were rising in Liaodong. After Nurhaci launched an army against the Ming Dynasty in the 46th year of Wanli, he also attached great importance to contacting various Mongolian tribes in Monan. After Huang Taiji succeeded to the throne, he adopted various carrot and stick methods to adopt more aggressive measures against Mongolia.
Positive strategy.
In order to suppress the Jianzhou Jurchens, the Ming Dynasty once attracted and supported the Haixi Jurchens such as the Yehe tribe. However, in the forty-seventh year of Wanli, they experienced a series of setbacks such as the defeat of Saerhu, the fall of Kaiyuan and Tieling, and the attack and destruction of Yehe.
After that, the Ming Dynasty began to support the Chahar tribe of Monan Mongolia.
Chahar was the Khan of the Yuan Dynasty and the Great Khan of Mongolia. In the early years, the Ming Dynasty reached a peace agreement with Tumut, but did not reach a similar tribute clause with Chahar. However, at that time, it faced the aggressive Houjin Dynasty.
, in line with the principle of "the enemy of the enemy is an ally", Ming Dynasty began to take the initiative to reward Chahar.
Chahar Lindan Khan was also quite ambitious, trying to re-establish his status as the Great Khan among the Monan Mongolian tribes. The Hou Jin who actively managed Monan Mongolia was naturally in conflict with Chahar, who was trying to establish his own status among Monan Mongolia.
A direct military conflict ensued between Erlindan Khan.
In February and March of 1626, upon hearing the news that Nurhachi had just been defeated by Yuan Chonghuan at the gates of Ningyuan City, Chaharlin Dan Khan instigated the five forces from Inner Khalkha to invade Houjin.
However, although Nurhaci encountered Yuan Chonghuan under the city of Ningyuan, the significance of this incident was mainly due to Yuan Chonghuan's bragging. Nurhachi did not suffer much losses and his military strength was still strong. Therefore, he immediately launched a counterattack against Inner Khalkha and took various measures at the same time.
means of differentiation and disintegration.
This war went very smoothly. The Inner Khalkhas were originally nomadic from western Liaoning to a point on the Xilamulun River in Chifeng. After they were defeated by the Hou Jin Dynasty and fled, there was no buffer zone between the Hou Jin Dynasty and Chahar, and they were directly adjacent to each other.
In 1627, in order to win over Aohan and the Naiman tribe, the Hou Jin Dynasty and Chahar clashed again. In order to avoid the threat of the Hou Jin Bingfeng, Lin Dan Khan, who was a powerful foreigner and a cadre in the middle, made a move in this year - moved westward.
A chain effect like dominoes appeared at this time - the Hou Jin Dynasty rose in Liaodong, used civil and military strategies to conquer or win over Monan Mongolia to the southwest, and raised troops to fight against the Chahar tribe; Chahar was defeated.
They had no choice but to move westward and oppress Haraqin and Tumut who were originally outside Xuanhua and the northern Shanxi border fortress.
From 1627 to the beginning of 1628, Chahar, who moved westward, fought many battles with the Tumut-Kalaqin coalition outside Zhangjiakou, Guihua City and other places. The originally powerful Tumut was obviously corrupted by this time, and the coalition forces were gradually losing ground.
In February 1628, Kalaqinta Bu Nang urgently sent an envoy to ask Hou Jin for help, hoping to form an alliance against Chahar, and asked Tiancong Khan and Huang Taiji to send troops. Hou Jin got the opportunity to launch another Western Expedition.
In September 1628, October 1629 and May 1632, Hou Jin launched three western expeditions against Chahar. Finally, in May 1632, they arrived at the Guihua City (Hohhot) of the Tumed tribe.
When Hou Jin came to Guihua City, he also received an unexpected gain: he got the opportunity to use the name of the Tumote Department to start horse trading with the Ming Dynasty.
In mid-June and late June of that year, Huang Taiji went south from Guihua City and sent letters to the Ming Dynasty garrison at Datong Desheng Fort and Xuanhua Zhangjiakou respectively, requesting for the annual silver reward originally given to the Chahar tribe by the Ming Dynasty.
Merter's example of opening border markets to trade.
At the same time, he displayed his troops outside the border wall and declared his power, pretending that he was preparing for war and was about to attack the city, "either peace talks or war" to intimidate the Ming armies in these two places.
1632 was the fifth year of Chongzhen. The Ming Dynasty defenders in Datong and Zhangjiakou must have known about the perennial wars between the Ming and Qing armies in eastern Liaoning and western Liaoning, but they did not expect that the Qing army would arrive in Tumut Mongolia so quickly and appear.
In the distant Shanxi and Zhangbei regions, facing a serious lack of defensive countermeasures, the Ming armies in Datong and Zhangjiakou quickly chose to compromise with the Qing army.
"On June 14th, the Ming army from Victory Fort sent sixteen envoys to the camp to contribute two cattle, eight sheep, four bolts of silk, one hundred and eighty-four packages of tea, six packages of tobacco, thirty-nine packages of white sugar, and rock sugar.
"Nine bags...", and the Qing army "rewarded each visitor with a sheep"; "On June 28, the general of Xuanfu sent envoys to negotiate peace."
This chapter is not finished yet, please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! So, after the Ming army defender in Zhangjiakou reached a peace agreement with the Qing army in private, the Ming army defender connived at the horse market trade between local merchants and the Qing army.
Naturally, the local people and businessmen in Zhangjiakou are mainly Shanxi people. This is how the "Shanxi merchants" in the late Ming Dynasty came into contact with the Qing army.
Pretending to use the name of another tribe to carry out horse trade and tribute exchanges with the Ming Dynasty is always called "taking tribute" or "taking rewards". This phenomenon was very common in Mongolia and Jurchen tribes at that time. For example, when Chahar
When the relationship between his ministry and the Ming Dynasty was tense, the Ming Dynasty closed the horse market to him. Chahar used the names of the Nekar Kabalin and Uziyet tribes for a long time, and went to Guangning to extort tribute and Kaiyuan horse market to extort rewards.
, the Ming court did not interfere too much in this matter.
Before the Tatars entered the customs, the Qing army and the merchants of the Eight Banners of the Qing army used the name of Tumote to go to Datong and Zhangjiakou to do business with Shanxi merchants. They took advantage of the favorable conditions for the opening of the border city of Saima after the Longqing Peace Conference.
.Some local Shanxi merchants in Zhangjiakou, with the permission of local military and political officials of the Ming Dynasty, did business with the Qing army who pretended to be Tumote.
As for Shanxi merchants going out of the Great Wall and going outside the Great Wall or even within the territory of Hou Jin, including the so-called "providing information" to Hou Jin, there is no official historical basis and they are all groundless rumors.
In other words, trade existed, not only later, but actually already exists now. But to say that this is traitorous, at least from the legal perspective of the Ming Dynasty, it is not possible to talk about it.
Chahar is also prohibited from trade now, but Chahar has several channels to obtain the output of the Ming Dynasty, including "smuggling" with some tribes not directly under the Tumote tribe, including the Inner Khalkha tribe.
The name was in the legal private market in Guangning (Li Chengliang's residence), and it was even obtained from Ye He before the eastward invasion of Ye He - as mentioned before, Ye He often acted as a second-hand dealer.
But Shen Shixing knew that Wang Xijue's statement was deliberately confusing the nature of trade: Chahar obtained Ming output from Tumote, Yehe and even Nekarka, but it was all resold, which was equivalent to an extra layer of "dealers".
The price is definitely not that cost-effective.
The reason why Ming Dynasty did not pursue the case much before was for this reason: since the ban was definitely unstoppable, it would not be a big loss to let Chahar spend more unjust money, and it would be fine to just turn a blind eye.
However, what Cao Yu said this time is different. Li Chengliang probably made a transaction directly with Chahar this time. Although the specific situation is not clear, it is conceivable that the original "dealer"
The profits will definitely be shared between Li Chengliang and Chahar, and both parties can earn more.
And in this way, can the Ming court still be satisfied? Obviously not.
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