Chapter 177 'Change your number and marry a younger one'
The fact that the emperor transferred Meng Guzhegege, who was "presented by Tarumu Guard" to Gao Pragmatic, became a big news in the capital in the past two days.
Something that even Gao Jingshi didn't expect happened. Everyone in the capital, from officials to common people, began to discuss two issues: first, how Gao Situ would buy a concubine in this way, and second, whether Gao Situ should change his name.
Obviously now Meng Guzhezhe has been rewarded by the emperor, why are everyone still talking about "buying concubines"? In fact, this matter has to start with the concubine system of the Ming Dynasty.
There has been a saying in China since ancient times that "if you hire someone, you will become a wife; if you run away, you will become a concubine". Here, running means elopement, that is, a woman voluntarily follows the man to live in her husband's house without being hired by the husband's family.
A wife is "married", and a concubine is "accepted". The property sent to the in-law's family when marrying a wife is called "bride price"; and the property given when taking a concubine is called "the money to buy a concubine", so there is "
The saying that concubines can be bought and sold.
If you look at these statements alone, it seems that taking a concubine does not require any procedures and rituals. However, looking at various historical materials, we can see that taking a concubine was not that simple in the Ming Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, some people in Yangzhou made a living by raising virgin girls and selling them to others as concubines, commonly known as "raising thin horses." The selling price was called a financial gift, and the marriage etiquette was similar to that of marriage.
According to Zhang Dai's "Tao An Meng Yi" records: "There are dozens of people in Yangzhou who eat and drink on the bodies of thin horses every day. Those who marry concubines...if they like it, they insert a golden hairpin or hairpin into their temples, which is called "inserting the belt"
"... After "inserting the ribbon", we will issue a red slip, write on it a certain amount of colored satin, a certain amount of gold flowers, a certain amount of financial gifts, and a certain amount of cloth. Dip the pen in ink and send it to the guests to read.
The guests received gifts of money and satin as expected, and the guests returned home. Before they arrived at the apartment, drums and music were played, and red and green sheep wine had been waiting at the door for a long time. Within a moment, the gifts, coins, cakes and fruits were all there, and the drums and music led them away.
.Not half a mile away, there were sedan chairs, lanterns, cannons and torches, mountain men and groomsmen, paper candles offering fruits, sacrifices and sweet wine, and attendants in front of the door.
When the cook arrives with a load, he will have vegetables and fruits, soup cakes, sugar cakes in the garden shed, cushions around the table, wine pots and cups, dragons, tigers and longevity stars, tents with red strings, small singing strings and so on. They are all ready. No need to wait for return orders.
, without waiting for the master's order, the sedan chair and the bride's sedan chair arrived at the same time. The newlyweds paid their respects, the bride and groom were brought to the banquet, and there was little singing and drumming, making the place lively and lively."
From this we can see that the etiquette of marrying a concubine is at least taking a "skinny horse" as a concubine. The etiquette should not be much different from that of marriage.
Moreover, concubinage in the Ming Dynasty also required a concubine marriage contract. "Wan Shu Cui Bao" records a concubine marriage contract at that time: "Someone in a certain place in a certain place has a lawsuit: a self-supporting woman was born, and she was named a certain mother slave.
Now that she has grown up, it is agreed that someone from a certain family will be married to someone from a certain place as a concubine. Today, I will be offered a certain amount of silver, so I will choose auspicious circumstances and get married.
This girl is a self-raised woman. She has never received any financial gifts from others, and there is no overlap or unknown origin. If she has such a color, and wanders (dispersed), she came from someone to find and return her. If the feng shui is not bad, this is destiny, and she will be with you.
The owner of the bank has nothing to do. Now I want to get a certificate of engagement, so I will make a marriage certificate as proof."
Judging from this marriage certificate, its content should include: proving that the woman is self-supporting by her own child, has voluntarily married someone else as a concubine, and has received wedding gifts. If the woman flees, the man is responsible for recovering it. If the woman dies after marriage, she will be married to the man.
Nothing to do with the content.
Precisely because its content is similar to that of a sale deed, people generally do not call a concubine marriage contract a marriage contract, but a marriage contract. In the third chapter of "Water Margin", when Zheng Tu seized Jin Cuilian, he had to write a "three
"Thousands of dollars of false money to buy a deed." There were many systems inherited from the Song Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty, and it is the same here.
Therefore, taking a concubine in the Ming Dynasty required a contract, that is, a marriage certificate. The process and etiquette of taking a concubine were similar to those of marrying a wife, and the difference was not very big.
In this case, then the question arises: First of all, since "concubines can be bought and sold", it stands to reason that Gao Pragmatic must give the person who "sells" the concubine to him a "concubine purchase fund."
However, now should Meng Guzhezhe be considered as "sold" to him by Ye Hedong City Belena Linbulu, or should he be considered as "sold" to him by His Majesty the Emperor? If Gao Pragmatic wants to "buy a concubine", who should the money be given to?
Or should I give it or not?
If Nalin Bulu was "sold" to him, then it would be reasonable for Gao Pragmatic to give Nalin Bulu a sum of money, but what if it was considered "sold" to him by His Majesty the Emperor? The emperor was talking about "rewards", in principle
If there is no buying and selling relationship, will the money be returned?
Don't think that this is not important, in fact it is very important: if it is not given, it is difficult to consider this concubine as a concubine, but there is no suitable example as a reference before, so Meng Guzhezhe's status is very special.
If it is a woman given by the emperor in another family, and it is difficult to be treated as a concubine, her status in that family may not be equal to that of the main wife.
However, the situation in Gao Pragmatic's family is also very special, because his wife is not only the royal wife, but also a serious court official - Annan's current attribute is "internal", and Huang Zhiting, as the deputy capital of Annan, then
He was an upright official of the dynasty, and he was a local feudal lord.
Especially in the situation where Mo Maoqia, the commander-in-chief of Annan, was actually sidelined, her position became even more important, and she was roughly equal to the first person responsible for the Ming Dynasty's control over Annan.
Ordinary people in the capital did not know the actual situation in southern Xinjiang, so in their opinion, it was impossible for a foreign woman to compete with Huang Dutong's status and raise troops in Annan in anger. How could this happen?
The war between Yunnan and Burma has not long passed, and everyone still clearly remembers the proud record of Hua Mulan from southern Xinjiang, who defeated the White Elephant King in the Golden Tower of Burma. How can he be lenient if he offends such a feudal chieftain?
This joke must never be made!
As for the etiquette of taking concubines, we must first solve the problem of "buying concubines", otherwise no matter what we do, it will look inappropriate. Therefore, whether the "funds for buying concubines" should be paid out in a pragmatic way, and if so,
The question of who to give it to has become one of the hotly debated topics in the capital.
Another hot topic followed. The first thing to explain is that wealthy families and official families with groups of wives and concubines were very common in various periods of the Ming Dynasty. For example, in the early Ming Dynasty, General Tang and "Livestock"
I have more than a hundred concubines, and I will support them in my old age." There is also "Princess Baoqing, the youngest daughter of Taizu, who married Zhao Hui... her family is rich and luxurious, and she has more than a hundred concubines."
This chapter is not finished yet, please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong, there was a minister named Wuzhong who was very greedy for money, lived a decadent life, and had more than ten concubines, which was recorded in the annals of history; there was also a certain Hou family
There were many concubines, and they played Shuanglu with the guests, and ordered the thirty-year-old concubines to travel for a long time in scarlet green clothes. During the Jiajing period, the Minister of War in Nanjing was Zhan Ruoshui, who was addicted to wealth and sex, and took dozens of concubines.
Zhang Juzheng in the original history, according to records, "in his late years, he had so many concubines that he could not spread them all over." There were so many concubines that he could not handle them. It was not only common for officials and wealthy people to buy concubines, but even eunuchs also took concubines. For example, in the early days of Tianshun
In addition to his wife, the eunuch Wu Cheng also had concubines of the Yao family. During the Apocalypse, Zhang Wo, the eunuch, had more than a hundred concubines.
Behind this, especially after the mid-Ming Dynasty, the custom was that when scholars were promoted or became officials in the capital, they often bought women from the capital as concubines. According to "Winter Night Notes", there was a custom among the Ming people in this period.
, that is, "After a scholar ascends to the throne, he often changes his title and marries a concubine, so the capital proverb goes: Change your title and marry a younger one."
The second hot topic of discussion regarding Gao Pragmatic is that since he is going to "marry a younger brother" this time, should he also "change his account number"? This leads to another question. Gao Pragmatic won the gold list in the past
After that, because he didn't have a concubine, it was very rare that he didn't get a number for himself, so if he changed his number this time according to custom, it would actually be his first time getting a number.
Whenever it is the first time, there is always something different, let alone when it involves Gao Jingshi, a great farmer who has already become famous at a young age, so there is a lot of heated discussion in the capital.
When Gao Pragmatic got the news, he was stunned. He said to himself that no matter what dynasty or generation, there would be no shortage of people to enjoy it.
However, when he looked back and thought about it, although he was often called "Gao Longwen", that "Longwen" was only his famous work after all, not his official title. The reason why he didn't take a title when he won the top prize in the exam was because
Firstly, he was influenced by the "renaming of concubines" in the capital. Since he did not take concubines, he did not take a concubine. Secondly, it was also because he wanted to look humble at that time to support his wife.
Now that the concubine is about to be taken in, it seems that it’s time to take this number, but how to take this number, Gao Pragmatic has never thought about it in advance. Since he is the focus of the people of the capital this time, he can’t be too casual.
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The Han people have attached great importance to surnames, surnames, given names and nicknames since ancient times. After surnames were rarely used, they changed to attach importance to surnames, given names, characters and nicknames. Among them, surnames are fixed, while given names, characters and nicknames have their own particularities.
Chinese people have always valued reputation over profit, so since ancient times people have cherished their names and reputations, and worked hard to maintain their names with their own actions. This is what people call having a good reputation.
The so-called words "fame will last through the ages" and "a name will remain in history" are to encourage people to cherish their names. Words such as "notorious" and "disgraced" are negative warnings for people not to tarnish their names.
The relationship between name and character is the closest. "Name" can be given at the time of birth, while "zi" is the name given by men and women after they reach adulthood. Using the character indicates that the person has reached adulthood and should be respected. Therefore, "Qu"
"Etiquette" says: "With the word on the crown, you respect his name."
This means that after a man and a woman acquire their first name as adults, others can no longer call them by their first names, but must call them "zi" to show respect. Therefore, in ancient times, it was impolite to call adults by their first names.
(Note: I also make a distinction in this book. Careful readers will find that when certain characters mention Gao Pragmatism in conversation, they sometimes call them by their first names, which is to deliberately show their seriousness towards Gao Pragmatism.
dissatisfied.)
Therefore, a name is a given name and a character is a character, but among the three of "name, character, and number", the relationship between name and character is the closest. Character is also called "biographic character". Chinese character is a reference to a person's name
Annotations, supplements and extensions, echoing the name, complementing each other.
Take Zhuge Liang as an example. His name is "Liang" and his character is "Kong Ming". "Ming" is an annotation, supplement and extension of "Liang". "Ming" and "Liang" are the epithets of each other. For example, the famous "Ming" in the Eastern Jin Dynasty
The pastoral poet Tao Yuanming, whose nickname is Yuanliang.
In addition to the similar and complementary meanings of the names, the relationship between the name and the character can also be the opposite, that is, the opposite meaning of the character. For example, Zeng Dian, the character Xi (dot means black and dirty, and Xi means white); Zhu Xi,
The character Yuan is Hui (Xi means dawn, Hui means night); Wang Ji, the character is Wu Gong (achievement and Wu Gong are exactly the opposite).
This kind of emphasis is still observed even in modern times, such as how to respond to Qin, the word Jingzhi, Qin means to be respectful, and so on.
Gao Jingshi's "Pragmatic" was chosen by Gao Gong. Although his peers were all "Wu X", the name Gao Jingshi contained Gao Gong's expectations for him. Practical means practical learning, and practical means engaging in and obeying.
His nickname "Qiuzhen" was given to him by Yu Shenxing when he was a great master. However, as one of the great scholars of the Ming Dynasty, Yu Shenxing certainly would not choose it blindly. Seeking truth and being pragmatic are also mutually exclusive.
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Now it's his turn to call himself, which is a little different.
First of all, "Hao" is divided into two types: self-titles and gifts. If names and names are given by predecessors and imply good hopes, then unlike names and characters, the names of ancient people are related to their growth experiences and are a summary of life.
And understanding. Therefore, there is another difference between "name, character, and nickname", that is, the dominance of naming is different: "name" and "character" are both chosen by the elders; "name" is mostly chosen by oneself.
This is what people often call "self-title"; in addition, "title" can also be given to others, which is what people often call "respectful title" and "elegant title".
Previously, Gao pragmatism was often called "Long Wen", which was a nickname based on his experience (achievements), similar to Zhuge Liang's "Wolong" and Pang Tong's "Fengxiao". Of course, Gao pragmatism has always been
This nickname has not been officially recognized, so it cannot be said that "Long Wen" is his nickname.
It is even more necessary to choose a self-title based on one's living environment or interests to show elegance. For example, Su Shi, a well-known literary master in the Song Dynasty, had a familiar nickname called "Dongpo Jushi". Why did Su Shi call himself
"Dongpo layman" is related to his period of relegation.
This chapter is not over yet, please click on the next page to continue reading! In the second year of Yuanfeng, Su Shi, who was 43 years old, was transferred to the post of magistrate of Huzhou. After taking office, he immediately wrote a "Huzhou Express of Appreciation" to Shenzong. As a result
The Wutai Poetry Case was triggered. The specific process will not be discussed here. In short, although Su Shi was spared the death penalty in the end, the punishment was still inevitable - he was demoted to the deputy envoy of Huangzhou Tuanlian.
The position of Deputy Envoy of the Huangzhou Tuanlian was quite low and had no real power. At this time, Su Shi had become disheartened after this battle. So after he took office, he felt depressed and visited Chibi Mountain outside Huangzhou City many times.
He wrote famous works such as "Chibi Ode", "Later Chibi Ode" and "Nian Nujiao·Chibi Nostalgic" to express his feelings when he was exiled.
In addition to official duties, he led his family to reclaim a piece of sloping land in the east of the city and farm to help supplement their livelihood. It was because of this special experience of "farming on the east slope" that Su Shi called himself "the layman on the east slope".
Gao Pragmatic also had the experience of being demoted, so the first thing he thought of was to use this experience to name himself, but after thinking about it, he found it was a bit difficult - he was also demoted, and Su Dongpo was really miserable.
, and he was not miserable at all. When he was in Guangxi, he had a special status as the governor, and it happened that the governor was unable to manage affairs. As a result, he almost became the local emperor of Guangxi.
It seemed that commemorating the unlucky past was not very reliable, so Gao Pragmatic changed the direction and thought about commemorating achievements. But after thinking about it carefully, it was difficult to do.
In addition to the six champions, Gao Wuzhen now has three major achievements that are recognized by the world: Annan, Dingbei, and Pingxi. It stands to reason that if these three achievements are taken separately, each one is enough to commemorate, but the problem is that since there are three,
This makes it difficult to distinguish between superior and inferior - he can't shamelessly claim that he is a senior in high school.
After thinking about it, Gao Qingshi gave himself a headache. Is it so difficult for me to get a number?
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PS: I finally paid off the "extra debt" I owed to the leader of the alliance today. I have delayed it for so long. I am really sorry for the leader Cao Mianzi. I feel so guilty that I dare not ask for forgiveness. I can only apologize. Bow.