Chapter 284: The Strategy of Sinicizing the Jurchens (Twenty-three)
Gao Pragmatic has always had a good attitude towards the Yehe tribe, but in the final analysis, this does not mean that he is defenseless against the Yehe tribe. Even if the two Belles of the Yehe tribe are now his brother-in-law, it cannot change that they are Jurchen tribes.
A fact.
"Those who are not of my race must have different minds." This sentence may be too extreme. After all, there were many other ethnic minorities who were not Han in the Ming Dynasty at this time. They did not have "their minds must be different." Far away, like Ma Fang, close
Even if they are as noble as Ma Gui, they are not Han people, but who can say that they are not loyal ministers of the Ming Dynasty?
However, this kind of loyalty has a premise, that is, the degree of Chineseization of their nation has been very high, and they have been ruled by a Han imperial power like the Ming Dynasty for a long time, and they have already formed an inertia.
At the same time, the Ming Dynasty did not discriminate against them. It could be said that they were basically treated equally, and even had some preferential treatment in some cases. For example, as mentioned earlier, the Hui, Mongolian and other ethnic groups in the border army often accounted for a considerable proportion.
The Ming Dynasty also respected some of their traditions and specially formulated some rules for them that were different from those of the Han army.
However, the Jurchens have not achieved such a status now.
Although they had been the so-called "fences" of the Ming Dynasty for a long time, they had not been able to completely obey the orders of the Ming Dynasty for a long time. At most, they could only be pushed to the time when Gao Jingshi became the governor of Liaodong - how many years had it passed? How could they be allowed to do so?
Everyone in the Ming Dynasty regarded them as one of their own?
Even Gao Pragmatic himself could only guarantee that the Jurchens would never dare to rebel even if he was in power for one day. However, if he was no longer in power, the court later changed its style and removed the carrot and the stick.
1. Who knows what the consequences will be?
In the final analysis, the problem has three aspects: the Jurchens did not fully surrender for long enough, the degree of Chineseization is not high enough, and the characteristics of tribalism are too distinct. If these three problems are not solved, it will be difficult for the court to fully trust them, and it will not be too
"Favor" them, otherwise it will definitely cause discussion between the government and the opposition, and even become a political handle.
The attachment time is not long, there is nothing we can do about it. Gao is pragmatic and is not a god. He certainly does not have the power to change time or change history. But fortunately, this point can be covered up by other methods. The method of covering up is not difficult.
To find it, start from the "low degree of Chineseization".
To put it simply, if the degree of Chineseization of the Jurchens is extremely high and they are almost exactly the same as the Han people, then "the time of their attachment is not long" will not be a problem.
This is just like China after the Qin and Han Dynasties. Whether you are from Guanzhong or Guandong, from Hebei or Henan, this will not constitute additional cost of governance at all - anyway, you speak Chinese and write Chinese characters. I admit it.
Orthodoxy is Han culture. Therefore, even if a new dynasty rises and defeats the old dynasty, it will not have difficulty in ruling because of any ethnic issues.
Therefore, it has to be said that Qin Shihuang is indeed the only emperor through the ages. "Books with the same text, cars with the same track, and unified weights and measures" are indeed an epoch-making weapon. The same writing with the same text is for communication, the same track for the cars is for transportation, and the unified weights and measures are for circulation.
Many people think that since Chinese characters have basically the same origin, even if they look different, they should at least be identifiable to each other. In fact, this is not the case. The characters of the Six Kingdoms at the end of the Warring States were very different. An ordinary scholar from Qin State went to Qi State and basically read
Those who do not understand Qi's documents are vice versa. Whether people from Qin go to Qi or Qi people go to Qin, they must bring a translator with them if they want to read books when they arrive there.
Qin unified the writing system. From now on, everyone will use Xiaozhuan and official script as standards. This is the first time that later generations of Han culture have a unified communication method, even though it is only in written form. Don't find fault and say that Qin Shihuang did not have unified pronunciation. That thing is not
It's simply impossible to do it in modern society - think about how many elderly people still can't speak Mandarin.
Cars on the same track are more likely to be ignored than books on the same track. Many people even don't know what the "rail" here is. Qin Shihuang's car on the same track simply means that the distance between the two wheels on the vehicle is the same.
Change it to six feet so that the distance between the wheels is the same.
As a modern person, when you see this, your first reaction may be: That's it? Does this have the meaning of wool? I'm afraid you, Ying Zheng, are not in the late stages of obsessive-compulsive disorder, so you have to take care of this! I'll buy a large SUV with a wheelbase of two meters.
If you buy a mini wheel with a wheelbase of 1.6 meters, can you care about it? What will it do to you?
Sorry, this is looking at history without seeing it.
The roads at that time were not the cement roads or asphalt roads we have now. Once the damage reached a certain level, repairs and maintenance would be arranged to ensure the quality of the road surface. What kind of roads were there at that time? The answer is: dirt roads.
After the new century, the Red Dynasty’s rural revitalization strategy did a big thing at the beginning. It built all the roads in the countryside into cement roads. This was a great achievement! But because of this, younger people may not have seen other than
There is a lack of intuitive understanding of the "wide dirt roads" other than country roads, and the situation of "getting stuck" on such dirt roads.
In fact, before the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, many areas with relatively poor infrastructure conditions could not speak of rural roads. Even provincial roads were often in tatters. When it rained, they were as bumpy as the surface of the moon, with mud up to their knees.
It is common. On this kind of road, it is natural that vehicles often get stuck in potholes and are unable to get out.
In ancient times, the best road surface outside the city was rammed earth, that is, a hard-packed dirt road. Although this kind of road has been compacted, ruts will be formed by driving for a long time in sunny or rainy weather. Such ruts are not imaginary.
The "shallow marks" in the car are often twenty or thirty centimeters deep - which means that less than half of the wheel will be in the rut when driving.
Because of this, in ancient times, if two cars met when driving while driving, it was a big problem who should avoid who, because you have to force the vehicle out of such a deep rut, which is not a small effort. It has developed to
Later, it was institutionalized that who should give way to the sedan chair between officials in the city, and the root of this also stems from the rut.
Now that we know that ancient ruts were easy to get in and out, we can say it again: if the vehicles were on different tracks, the ruts would be messed up, and the traffic efficiency would become extremely low.
For example, if the ruts in the state of Qin are six feet long, and the vehicle of the state of Qin goes to a country with ruts five feet long, it will not be able to enter the rut, or it may accidentally enter only one side of the rut, and will be stuck in it and cannot get out. At this time, the whole
The convoy was stuck there, unable to move.
So it will affect one big thing: the long-distance transportation of materials, such as military rations. If forced transportation is still required at this time, it will greatly increase the transportation cost until it cannot be transported at all.
Therefore, the construction of trains on the same track, including the Qinzhi Road, was essentially the "new infrastructure" of that era and a transportation reform of unprecedented scale.
If the same text of books has given a unified country a basis for cultural identity to become a reality, then it is precisely because of Che Tonggui and Qin Zhidao that a unified country has a material foundation. Otherwise, it can only continue the separateness that existed during the Warring States Period.
In a situation of separatism, there will be no unified country.
The reason is simple. It will not be able to control such a large territory and extend its dominance. In this way, there may be no difference in the historical development of China and Europe, and there will be no sophistry by some European and American scholars.
The so-called "Chinese history is characterized by political precocity" (Great Unification).
It’s so funny, you don’t have Qin Shihuang and you say China matures prematurely? Why don’t you say it’s your own developmental disorder?
I'm going too far, but let's talk about weights and measures first, and I'll talk about them later when I have the opportunity.
In short, the key to solving the problem of Jurchenization into Chinese lies mainly in culture, secondly in form, and finally in structure.
In terms of culture, the Jurchen tribes who were moved to Korea must immediately learn Chinese and Chinese in a unified manner. It cannot be the case before that only a few Baylors or senior generals and other high-level figures can speak Chinese, and they may not even understand Chinese. We must start to provide them with training.
School, engage in literacy.
Of course, just building schools is not enough. Given the Ming Dynasty’s level of investment in education, the thirteen provinces of Han are still far from being able to educate all the people. How can it be possible to arrange for Jurchens first? Therefore, it must be "Hu-Han mixed-up"
"residence".
But this is also problematic, because the Jurchens moved the town to North Korea, not to the mainland. How could there be so many Chinese-speaking people? This then leads to a problem with North Korea's governance method, that is, it is necessary to immigrate to North Korea and at the same time, the local population of North Korea must be moved to North Korea.
Migrate to the mainland and undergo a continuous change of blood.
Gao Pragmatic thought about it seriously and believed that this point is indeed very important. In the past, he only focused on the political structure of North Korea, which was actually incomplete.
There is no doubt that the Han people have a huge advantage in terms of population. As long as the two sides start a continuous large-scale "blood exchange", the Han people will eventually assimilate the Koreans and Jurchens. However, doing so requires long-term investment - investment in the physical sense. After all, migration is
That costs money.
Fortunately, Gao Pragmatic had quite a lot of experience in doing this, so he quickly figured out the basic principles: if North Korea was hit by a disaster, the population would be relocated from North Korea to the mainland; if the mainland was hit by a disaster, the population would be relocated from the mainland to North Korea.
Not to mention, the timing of this incident was perfect - it was the Little Ice Age, and there was not much else in East Asia, but there were so many disasters.
Thinking of this, Gao Pragmatic admired himself a little. Who else but a time traveler like him would have thought of using the disaster situation to the national policy level?
Of course, this is a long-term task that will take at least one or two generations, and now there are more urgent things to do. Only by doing this can the Jurchen ministries quickly gain recognition from the government and the opposition.
Is there any method that can be so effective? Some, such as asking the Jurchen high-level officials to send all their sons to the capital to study!
At the same time, there is a prerequisite for them to inherit their ancestral business: passing the cultural qualification examination specially set by the Ming Dynasty! If you fail, continue reading until you pass!
Of course, Gao Pragmatic did not mean to make them all lose their inheritance rights. Doing so would be too obvious and could easily be backlashed.
The difficulty of this inheritance qualification examination will definitely not be as exaggerated as that of the imperial examination. Basically... it is enough to have a scholar level. After all, later generations who graduate with a bachelor's degree in Chinese language and literature may not be able to pass the examination as a scholar of the Ming Dynasty. Nothing else.
How many Chinese undergraduates can write an eight-legged essay in a closed book? [Special note: I can’t either.]
Of course, the difficulty of implementing this matter also needs to be considered by Gao Pragmatism, but after thinking about it, he felt that it was not a big problem, because the current chief minister of the cabinet of the Ming Dynasty was Gao Pragmatism! He really didn't believe that any Jurchen would dare to violate him.
will.
These are basically the same issues related to "books are on the same page as texts", and the next one is "cars are on the same track".
Having cars on the same track is a transportation problem. Thanks to Qin Shihuang, this problem is no longer a big problem. Even North Korea is "the same as the Han system." However, transportation problems are not without it. It is necessary to build an official road directly from Liaodong to North Korea on land.
Road, and the specifications and standards must be high, and it must be able to significantly reduce the loss of the long-distance supply army like the Qin Straight Road.
Although North Korea is on the same track as the Ming Dynasty, North Korea will obviously not take the initiative to build a "straight road" level "highway" connecting to the Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty originally regarded North Korea as a country without conquest, and had no motivation to build official roads to the border.
Things are different now. The construction related to "trains on the same track" must be launched as soon as possible to completely connect North Korea and Liaodong, so that if something unexpected happens in North Korea, a large army can be immediately sent to support it.
Finally, there is the issue of the Jurchen organizational structure. The origins, changes and respective characteristics of the Jin Guo Meng'an Muke system and the post-Jin Eight Banners system have been specifically mentioned in the previous article of this book, and there is no need to repeat them here.
In short, although the current Jurchens did not produce the Eight Banners system due to the high pragmatic blending, the foundation of the Eight Banners system actually exists faintly - in fact, this is nonsense, otherwise how could Nurhachi implement the Eight Banners system so smoothly?
In later generations, the general saying about "the foundation of the Eight Banners system" is that "the Eight Banners system is based on the unity of soldiers and civilians, and there are no regulations on military pay before entering the customs."
In fact, this is not deep enough. The foundation of the Eight Banners system should actually be a relationship of personal dependence and economic dependence similar to slavery.
Historically, after the establishment of the Eight Banners, the royal family served as the leader of the Eight Banners. Each flag had its subordinates. There was a personal dependence relationship between the flag owners and the subordinates. Therefore, the subordinates often called the flag owners "masters" and called themselves "slaves".
"This is a special situation determined by the typical Eight Banners system of the Qing Dynasty.
Since then, with the continuous strengthening of the imperial power system, the subjects of each of the Eight Banners must not only be loyal to the banner owner, but also loyal to the emperor. From then on, it became common for banner ministers to call themselves "minions" in memorials
, forming a pyramid-like relationship of step-by-step dependence.
This is explained by the fact that the Jianzhou Jurchens were split by Gao Pragmatism. Originally, the Jianzhou Jurchens had been unified, and Nurhaci was the only official "Belle" of the Jianzhou Jurchens [Note: a variant translation of "Bo Jilie" in the Jin Dynasty]. At this time, the Jianzhou Jurchens were
In theory, all the people in Zhou Jurchen are Nurhaci’s “minions”.
However, although Nurhaci is the only official Baylor, he is only called the "big Baylor" in Jianzhou because there is also Shuerhaqi, the "second Baylor". The reason why Shuerhaqi was as famous as his brother Nurhaci for a while is that
Because he has his own independent force - five thousand elite soldiers and forty generals.
There is no doubt that since there are soldiers and generals, the prerequisite is to have their own territory and be able to support these soldiers and generals. Under the Jurchen organizational structure of integrating soldiers and civilians, they have their own territory and their own soldiers and generals.
It means having your own tribe, which is the prerequisite for high pragmatism to promote the secession of Jianzhou.
If this basic organizational form is always maintained, the Eight Banners system may still appear at any time, and the Chinese Jurchens will always be short of breath. Therefore, Gao Pragmatic believes that the Jurchens can be used, but the previous system must be changed - towards
Changes to the Chinese system.
Completing the above three changes will mean that the Jurchens can be used. By then, whether Ye He wants to develop in Japan or simply just wants to go to Japan to make a fortune, that is acceptable. Gao Pragmatism will not feel sorry for the Japanese - although he
He also plans to use the naturalized household registration system to Chineseize Japan, but that is already in the future, and there is no telling whether he will succeed in seeing it during his lifetime.
After a long time, Gao pragmatic turned to look at Meng Guzhezhe, and said in an unquestionable tone: "I have a few conditions. If the two Baylors can agree, I will allow them to go to Japan and obey orders under Kai Fei. Of course, the matter is
After they are successful, they will naturally receive the rewards they deserve."
Meng Guzhe lowered his head and said obediently: "Please tell me, sir, I will convey it truthfully."
——
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