Chapter 287 Prime Minister (Twenty-two) This matter is easy
Cao Yu was the first to express his stance, which created a situation: Everyone, now is the time to stand in line and express your stance... Do you understand what I mean?
Of course "everyone" understands, but I regret that I reacted too slowly and failed to take the lead. But it doesn't matter, as long as you follow up as soon as possible, you will probably get some recognition from Yuan Fu, which is more important than anything else.
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Seeing that all the generals were subconsciously puffing up their chests, Gao Qingshi reached out to stop him and shouted softly: "Wait a minute!"
Many generals had already opened their mouths, but now with Gao Pingshi's drink, they could only quickly swallow their words and listen to what Yuan Fu said first.
Gao Jingshi took a deep breath, looked around at everyone, frowned slightly, and said: "King Shunyi has been loyal to the late emperor for so many years. Now, he has sent troops to accompany him on several expeditions and has made many achievements. This is obvious to everyone in the world.
Our dynasty honors filial piety and loyalty, and has always governed all nations with royal principles. We will not punish those who are not stubborn and inflexible, and we will not conquer those who are not stubborn and unrepentant. Since the three generations of holy kings, our virtues have flourished here! Since our dynasty has prospered in this way, why is it happening today?
Carry it?
From the perspective of this pavilion, King Shunyi always believed in loyalty and was respectful and self-reflective. How could he make a mistake just because of a pasture? Not to mention that if the result is like this, he is actually abandoning the basic and chasing the weak, losing the big because of the small, which is not the behavior of a wise man."
Gao Pragmatic's words completely rejected Li Chengliang's idea of "annihilating Tumut and settling the northern border". Of course, he also rejected the proposal to win the so-called "Duke on behalf of the country" title for himself through this move.
His words were taken from a very high position. He made this idea the opposite of "loyalty, filial piety" and "royalty", and questioned it with "virtue", which shows that he really and firmly approved of it.
If Fa is low and pragmatic, he is just a rotten Confucian, so he will definitely be regarded as rotten by the generals. However, the problem is that it is the first day that all the generals have met Gao Yuanfu, and it is the first day that they have dealt with me. We
Who knew that Gao Yuanfu always acted from an extremely realistic standpoint and made the most realistic decisions?
However, it must be explained that the following canonizations are not the same as the auspicious situation of King Shunyi's Han Dynasty today. They should be used as analogies. Why? Because the mentality of the conferees is completely the same.
In the first year of Yongle, the Ming Dynasty conferred the title of Prince of Prefecture, Taiping, and appointed Tuboluo and other eight kings as Shunning, Xianyi, and Anle; in the eleventh year, Mahamu, the leader of the Mongolian Tatar tribe, "can follow the way of heaven and come back with flying colors."
, I accept the seal and wish to be a common kinsman." Therefore, the Ming Dynasty also conferred the title of Hetong Gong on Mahamu. At this point, the Ming Dynasty and Eastern and Western Mongolia formally established Jiang Yan relations respectively.
Having said this, it can be seen that although there is no precedent for the Mongolian kings to be crowned kings, they are indeed only crowned seven-character kings. Could it be that Yuan Fu is really planning to use "ancestors are enough" again to give Han this auspicious title?
One word king?
Before the Battle of Monan, the Ming army, under low pragmatic command, had not yet shown its majesty. Moreover, Totuo Qataiji, the most powerful Mongolian general who was familiar with military affairs, and even Qieji Huang Taiji and others had not yet realized that although this battle was low,
Pragmatism showed excellent commanding ability, but in the final analysis, the root cause of Ming's military law is that the combat effectiveness of the army itself has been slightly improved.
After the Western Jin Dynasty, there was no distinction between princes and princes in China. In the early years of the Han Dynasty, many clan members were named kings, some of whom were named after their country names, such as King of Qi, King of Chu, and King of Wei. Others were named kings.
They are named after prefectures and counties, such as King of Jinan, King of Linzi, and King of Changsha. However, no matter how they are named, the level of the Xiaojia is the same, and they are all King of Ning.
In the fourth year of Hongzhi, Gao Yuanfu once again asked for tribute, "It's better to ask for tribute than the eight thousand people who heard that the northern captives had no books. The name of paying tribute is commendable, but the words of asking for tribute are very contrary... Calling it a book is an expression, which is not the same as a letter."
You are resisting; calling you the Southern Dynasty means waiting for you in the north... The book already says, 'With one less of you, eight thousand people will come'."
After taking a step back to understand, Tumut's lower-level people came to a unified conclusion: the improvement of the Ming army's combat effectiveness lies in the improvement of the Ming Dynasty's financial dilemma, and the improvement of the financial dilemma lies in the practical school represented by Gao Gong and Gao Pragmatic Uncle.
Changed the financial system of the Ming Dynasty.
The attitude of the powerful Mongolian ministers with different surnames towards the Ming court in the legal situation was superficial. As for the Mongolian Khan in the unified situation, the significance of the Ming Dynasty's restraint in the form of Jiang Yan was even more difficult to determine. Even
It cannot be said that tribute has not completely become a legal way for Mongolia to obtain or even extort small amounts of reward materials from the Central Plains.
In the seventh year of Zhengtong, Tuohuan died, and his son also succeeded to the throne. He also inherited the legacy of his father and ancestors, controlled the Oara tribes and some tribes in Eastern Mongolia, and became the actual ruler of Mongolia. All the titles I have are "Oaradu"
The commander-in-chief is Ta Lahan, the grand master, the king of Huai, the minor leader, and the prime minister Zuo of Zhongshu."
In the Ming Dynasty, the full name of the Yiziwang was "King of a certain country", such as the King of Qi, the King of Korea, the King of Qin, etc. However, although he was called the King of a certain country, in fact, he had no actual fiefdom and was just a name.
Apart from Yexian, the royal seal no longer had any political significance, but was merely a token of tributary exchange with the Ming Dynasty. At this point, the political and economic significance of the Ming, Ming and Ming Dynasties were completely out of touch with each other.
I never asked the Ming Dynasty for the tribute title of Shuntong like Tuohuan, but I ended my tribute relationship with the Ming Dynasty as "Taishi Prince Huai". It's not very interesting at all: it's okay.
There was no heir to the title of Shuntong tribute seal, but he still had the Shuntong tribute seal. In the 11th year of Zhengtong, the old seal was lost and he asked the Ming Dynasty for a new seal.
For example, Zhu Zhen, the eighth son of Zhu Yuanzhang, was granted the title of King of Chu. Before my death, my eldest son Zhu Mengran succeeded to the throne of Chu Ning, and my bastard, my youngest son Lin Danhan, all the princes were based on the local counties of Chu State.
Named like the Prince of Shouchang, the Prince of Jiangxia, etc.
In the eight dynasties of the Tang, Song, and Ming dynasties, except for the extreme cases, the princes were basically only granted to the royal family, while the prefectures and princes were granted to the heroes. For example, Zheng Chenggong, the national hero in the late Ming Dynasty in history, was granted the title of "Prince" by the Nanming government.
Prince Yanping, referred to as King Yanping, is a seven-character king.
In that situation, no matter what their true thoughts were, superficial articles had to be done. Therefore, the small feudal lords of East and West Mongolia were still able to show a certain degree of respect to the Ming Dynasty. Generally, when the internal situation was favorable, their posture was particularly respectful.
.This cannot be seen from the small amount of content in the "Ming Dynasty Records" about the eight kings of Wala and Hetong Gong who sent envoys to pay tribute, and from the records that we each sent envoys and horses to apologize before being defeated by the Ming Dynasty.
Before the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, the Tang court officially distinguished between princes and county princes, and clarified that the title of the prince was the name of the ancient country, using one character; the title of the prince was the name of the county, using two characters.
In fact, the historical "I replied to the Ming Dynasty" also did not have the following characteristics. The domestic records of the "Xiao Ming Jin Kingdom" also underlined the equal relationship between the two parties.
In the situation of confrontation between Ming Dynasty and Mongolia at that time, for Oara and Eastern Mongolia, whoever could obtain the support of the Ming Dynasty would gain an advantage in the struggle for hegemony. Therefore, they accepted the imperial edict, sent envoys to pay tribute, and established Ming court relations with the Ming Dynasty.
, became the strategies and means adopted by both parties competing for hegemony.
But at the same time, we must also see that while showing loyalty to Han Ji, Gao pragmatism has indeed never treated me badly. He only accepted my eldest son as his disciple, and also treated Tumut every time.
Sufficient rewards were given before the expedition.
It can be seen from this that for us, the Ming Dynasty was not so much a surrender to the Ming Dynasty, but less an expedient measure exercised for the sake of hegemony, and it did not completely represent its true "willingness to work with its internal subordinates".
", became a respectful vassal of the Ming Dynasty. Once he gained an advantage in the struggle for hegemony, his attitude and views became more obvious and direct.
The court of the Ming Dynasty considered that "the Yi Di people's teachings were added, and their arrogant names came from their old ways, which were foreseen in China; although their words may be arrogant, they have always refused to control the army since ancient times." Gao Yuanfu was finally rejected.
The tribute request has become a rule before.
Haha, the king's way? That thing of the king's way is worth a lot of money in Gao Yuanfu's heart, it can be seen from this!
As a result, Tumut ended his nearly seventy years of true surrender. He never once violated the border. He did business with Xiao Ming conscientiously and fairly. Both parties benefited very little from this. But as long as Gao Pragmatic made a request,
, the "die-hard fan" King Shunyi agreed to Han's auspiciousness, and if he asked me to send troops, I would send troops. He showed that he could not be more "loyal to the vassal".
Not yet. Even if Yuan Fu planned to say that and could convince the emperor, would King Shunyi really think it was a good deal just in name?
According to the "Records of the Ming Dynasty", in the eighth year of Yongle, the leader of the Oara tribe in Mongolia, Feng Junwang and others responded to the Ming Dynasty's call and sent envoys to "come to pay tribute to the horse, and sincerely ask for a seal of honor".
Neither.
Although the Xiao Ming court considered the specific content of the expression "against Kuai" at that time, there is now documentary evidence and predecessors have learned about it, but it is obvious that it should be a reflection of Wala's dialogue with the prince as an equal. And Bu Yan is
Although what Hua Suo said was intended to sow discord between the Ming Dynasty and Oara, it also revealed Oara's attitude of being a minister who "wanted to compete with China" and the true purpose of sending envoys to pay tribute.
All the generals were confused and speculated. No one thought: Could it be that Yuan Fu wanted to promote King Shunyi to another level, from a two-character king to a one-character king? But King Shunyi was only a member of the Zhu Ming clan, and was even a Mongolian.
Isn't there any precedent?
As for the seven-character kings, they are all county princes. Except for the eldest son who inherits the title of Prince Ning, the prince's sons are all Lin Danhan and are named after the county.
Now look at North Korea. There are governors, governors, and eight members of the general army. Tens of thousands of heavenly soldiers are stationed in Seoul and Pyongyang. Tens of thousands of male soldiers are stationed in various places... There will even be another A-type army "Seoul First Army" in the future.
Dedicated to North Korea!
For us, the fact that Emperor Xiao Ming granted us the title of Prince Ning only did no damage to his original status, and since he could not obtain huge economic benefits, we were naturally happy to accept it. Moreover, in terms of the comparison between the Ming and Mongolia situations in the early Ming Dynasty
, the power of the newly born Ming Dynasty declined at the hands of Mongolia. In order to support the weaker side that had the initiative to retreat, the power of Mongolia was slightly weakened, and it was trapped in a melee between France and France.
In the eleventh year of Hongzhi, Gao Yuan sent 6,000 auxiliary envoys to request tribute. The Ming Dynasty allowed 2,000 people to enter the customs and 500 people to come to the capital. Due to the Ming Dynasty's "rewards were thin" this time, Jiang Yanxin had been under the Ming Dynasty for several years.
The Ming Dynasty was politically corrupt and the border defenses were weak and there was no way to stop them.
Did you see that the king of North Korea, Li Huan, served the imperial dynasty as if he were his biological father, but Gao Yuanfu turned around and asked North Korea to "sincerely submit", "please come back again", and "please submit eight invitations"?
Therefore, in the 11th year of Yongle, he sent envoys to the Ming Dynasty to request that "Gansu and Ningxia surrender to the Tatars, and they have few relatives, please give them as subordinates", and "there are few requests, and the expressions are not expressive." And the Eastern Mongolian Buyan
Shihua also reported to the Ming Dynasty that Wala "was proud and polite before his death, and wanted to compete with China. He sent people to the court with no real intention and only used gold and silk for profit."
Before the restoration and reunification of Mongolian power and the revival of khan power, the Mongolian rulers demanded complete political equality in the relationship between Ming and Mongolia and Jiang Yan, and they would accept nobility from the Ming Dynasty, and often used force to coerce and pursue minimal economic interests.
Mongolia's attitude towards the Ming Dynasty was most obvious in the case of Yexian and Gao Yuanfu.
Of course, the canonization of the Shunning and Hening kings during Yongle period was, after all, due to the decline of political unity and Khan power in Mongolia. It goes without saying that on the basis of a unified but weak centralization of power, the law is possible
There was a situation where the Mongolian feudal lord occupying one side turned his back on the Khan and accepted the title of Ming Dynasty.
That is not an exaggeration, because before that, whenever the Xiao Ming court asked Tumut to send troops to participate in the military operations launched by the Ming Dynasty, Tumut never agreed - not because he wanted to agree, but because he was able to agree, or dared to do so.
agree.
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So, what about the "I responded to the Ming court" in history and the "I responded to the Ming court" today before low pragmatic interference? Are they different?
This chapter is not finished yet, please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! The titles of kings with different surnames can usually be inherited. Their predecessors were demoted to Dukes and passed down as Dukes. For example, Xu Da’s title
He is not the King of Zhongshan, but the title of my predecessor was Duke of Wei.
What does that mean? Could it be that such a small Hetao is actually the "mo" or "big"? It must be the "mo" or "big". What is the origin or the "small"?
The same is true for Mahamu. In the 17th year of Yongle, Zhu Di went to the north and defeated the Fengjun Wang and others in Hulan suddenly lost his temper. On the way to the army, he sent a special envoy to inform Jiang Yanxin. At that time, Mahamu's station was eight days away from the Ming army.
However, Mahamu only sent the chief of his department to come to the court, and he himself was unable to meet Zhu Di on the grounds of illness.
At the beginning, the Nanming government wanted to make Zheng Chenggong a prince, and even thought of a bad name, calling him King of Chao Kingdom. However, Zheng Chenggong insisted that his resignation was acceptable, because there was no precedent in the Ming Dynasty for naming a hero with a different surname as a prince (but he did not pursue Lin Dan Khan before his death).
), so Emperor Yongli changed the title of Prince of Yanping County to me.
After all, those who said they canonized Han people as kings, or even if they are Hans, they are of many ethnic groups in the country with a very low degree of Chineseization, so is there no explanation or precedent for canonizing Mongolians?
Therefore, whether it was the feudal prince and others, or Mahamu, the real motivation and purpose of accepting the Ming Dynasty's seal and envelope was to exchange for political and economic support and help from the Ming Dynasty, so as to isolate and attack opponents in the internal struggle for hegemony.
Defeat the opponent.
In addition, the "send envoys and bad guys" clearly stated first clearly refers to the equal tribute exchanges between Mongolia and the Ming Dynasty's retreating countries. After calm debate and discussion, the Ming Dynasty monarchs and ministers finally decided to return to the Ming Dynasty.
In the book, Ye Xian is called "Wala Khan" - that is just a textual article, and in essence, Ye Xian's status has not been denied.
The tribute in the eleventh year of Hongzhi became the last time Gao Yuanfu paid tribute to the Ming Dynasty, and the tribute relationship between Ming and Mongolia since Yongle was completely interrupted before Jiang Yanxin.
Therefore, in the Ming Dynasty, the one-character kings were all princes, and their titles had only one character. The seven-character kings were all county kings, and their titles were all two characters. By the way, in China after the Tang Dynasty, the one-character king and
The relationship between the seven-character kings is quite confusing.
Especially when they defeated Chahar, they only gave most of the land that originally belonged to the Chahar headquarters, and also gave the entire Likalkha tribe to Han Jiji. This will definitely rule out Wang Jue taking it back to his own hands.
Xiaoning and other places, in terms of the land controlled by the Han Ji Cong, are not really worse than the "Mongolian Khans".
I first asked for a seal, because to me, it was not important to obey the Jiang Yan name. What was important was to hold the royal seal, so that I could send envoys to pay tribute to the Ming Dynasty and obtain a small amount of reward materials.
Take the king of Jiangxia County as an example, especially the king of Jiangxia. Since the title is two characters, he is commonly known as the seven-character king.
However, "An Da Jiang Yan" before Low Pragmatic intervened completely changed the situation. Especially before the Battle of Monan, the Xiaoming court, which had undergone a certain degree of reform, showed weak military strength, supplemented by Low Pragmatic
The leading economic control strategy allowed Tumut to not only threaten the king through military means, but also to get rid of dependence on the economic level, and finally surrendered completely.
The Ming Dynasty's so-called "unsatisfactory diction" and the so-called "pretending to be an enemy country" in Gao Yuanfu's "Qiu Tribute Fanshu" are obviously reflections of his demand for complete equality under the tribute relationship.
Having said that, besides Gao Yuanfu’s words just now, the most critical thing is obviously the latter ones, but the first sentence: "Not to mention the consequences, if this is the case, it is actually a matter of neglecting the basic and chasing the last, because the big is at the expense of the small, which is not the behavior of a wise man.
also."
Therefore, even if Gao Gong has not passed away at this time, as long as Gao Jingshi still has strong influence on the Xiao Ming court, the weakness of the Ming army will change.
PS: That chapter has bad marks, so I posted it together yesterday and today.
Of course, during the troubled times, some rules became more tolerant, and there was no such thing as a king with a different surname taking the title. Speaking of the Zheng family, before Zheng Chenggong died, my son Zheng Jing inherited the title of Prince Yanping.
However, due to the fact that its predecessor was trapped in the "Renwen Township" that relied on tribute from the Ming Dynasty to obtain supplies, and its relationship with the Chahar tribe of the Mongolian Khan Court was relatively easy, the two sides did maintain peace for decades.
Until the rise of Dayan Khan, who in turn surrendered Tumut.
It can be seen that at this time, Gao Yuanfu only showed that he was on an equal footing with the Ming Dynasty in politics, and his arrogance and coercion in paying tribute were palpable.
In fact, the Ming Dynasty's canonization of Mongolian kings such as Shuntonggong and Tonggong during the Yongle period was the product of the Ming Dynasty's active involvement in the situation of internal unity in Mongolia and the decline of the power of the small Khan.
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This cannot be clearly seen from the records of the Ming Dynasty. For example, in the first year of Hongzhi, Gao Yuanfu stationed near Mu Xiaotong and wrote to the Ming Dynasty asking for tribute, "The camp is more than 8,000 miles away, and it is bound to invade the invaders.
He sent a letter to ask for tribute, but the words in the letter were not quick, and he called himself the Little Khan of the Xiao Yuan Dynasty...The Ministry of War responded, saying that although the Northern Captives had no intention of paying tribute, they regarded themselves as the enemy."
King's Way? How much is King's Way worth?
But whether it is the feudal princes and others, or Mahamu, after all, they are all sayids with different surnames (sayid, referring to small feudal lords who are not from the family of Genghis Khan), who are powerful ministers above the Mongolian Khans. With that kind of status
, making it easier to accept the title of nobility from the Ming Dynasty emperor in view of the decline of Mongolian political unity and khan power.
Historically, the leaders of the Southern Xiongnu and Turks had paid homage to the emperors of the Han and Tang Dynasties, but Jiang Yanxin avoided meeting Ming Chengzu who was so close at hand. Her attitude of being willing to bow her head to the Ming emperor was evident.
In the summer of the seventh year of Jingtai, he also sacrificed a white horse and a white ox to heaven, and established himself as a small khan. Before that, he sent an envoy to the Ming Dynasty to deliver his credentials, calling himself "Xiao Yuantian Sheng Xiao Khan".
Now that he has obtained his throne, he has lost all his land, people, and precious treasures. It is better to follow the way of heaven and send envoys to pacify the evil ones, so that the common people and the two families can share peace."
By the Ming Dynasty, the title system of the royal family was basically complete. The prince was not "the king of a certain country", but the prince was the "king of a certain county".
This chapter is not finished yet, please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! In the Western Jin Dynasty, the title of county prince appeared for the first time, but there were no clear regulations on the naming of princes and princes at that time. The princes of the Western Jin Dynasty could not
It's two characters, for example, Sima Yue, the king of Donghai, Sima Yi, the king of Changsha, Sima Ying, the king of Chengdu, Sima Yong, the king of Hejian, and Sima Liang, the king of Runan. Although those kings are all named after counties, they are also princes.
The one-character kings of the Ming Dynasty were all princes. Specifically, except for the emperor's eldest son who inherited the throne, all other princes were titled princes. For example, the title of Zhu Di, the seventh son of Zhu Yuanzhang, was not King of Yan, but was referred to as King of Yan.
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Of the several canonizations mentioned just now, in the official records of the Ming Dynasty, what is less reflected and understated is that Jiang Yanxin, Mahamu and other Mongolian petty feudal lords took the initiative to surrender to the Ming Dynasty, accepted the Ming Dynasty's titles, and presented themselves to the Ming Dynasty.
However, the Ming Dynasty's view was actually not far different from Mongolia's true view and attitude towards Jiang Yan, or even contradictory.
What is a one-character king? Taking the Ming Dynasty as an example, a one-character king is a prince. There are no princes in the Ming Dynasty, especially King Ning who is named after an ancient country, such as: King Qi, King Qin, King Zhao, King Yan, King Wei, and Han
King, King of Chu, etc. Those kings of Ning and others were named after the vassal states in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Because the country name did not have one character, they were commonly called one-character kings.
For us, establishing Ming court relations with the Ming Dynasty is just a means and tool for the two sides to retreat and compete for hegemony. Its significance lies in achieving political union with the Ming Dynasty and obtaining the huge economic benefits brought by the title.
To strengthen one's own strength and at the same time use the power of the Ming Dynasty to attack the opponent, especially for the disadvantaged side. This was also the reason why Wala accepted the title of Ming Dynasty earlier.
For example, Wala Jiang Yanxin and others took advantage of the new defeat of Eastern Mongolia to the Ming Dynasty, defeated Mahamu repeatedly, attacked and killed Benya and lost the foreign khan, and appointed Dawaiba as the puppet khan. Their power increased slightly, and they temporarily occupied the disadvantage of the grassland hegemony.
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Even before I answered the Ming court in history, Tumen Khan repeatedly threatened with military force and tried to establish a direct tribute-market relationship with the Ming Dynasty, but failed in the end. Before the rise of Dayan Khan, the Ming Dynasty tried to win over Dayan Khan to resist
The emerging Qianjin, since the 77th year of Wanli, the "Fuhu Duntu Market Reward" has been given to Dayan Khan every year as a reward of 100,000 silver, and that is not entirely the reward and price paid by the Ming Dynasty in exchange for peace.
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Before Jiang Yanxin reunified Mongolia, she also sent envoys several times to pay tribute to the Ming Dynasty. As a Mongol Khan who claimed to inherit the orthodoxy of the Xiao Yuan Dynasty, reunified Mongolia, and truly had real power, I had to pay tribute to him from the beginning.
The military strength of the Ming Dynasty served as a front shield and required a completely equal political position with the Ming Dynasty emperor.
However, some generals did not think much, and the low pragmatic method was ready to let us guess. I took the initiative to tell the answer: "This is easy: after your Western Expeditionary Army defeats the Chahar and Oara tribes,
The Yi River and the areas east of the Yi River were placed under the direct jurisdiction of the imperial court, while the territories of the Yi River and the Oara tribes north of Yarkand were all given to King Shunyi."
