"The Master said to Yan Yuan, "If you use it, you will practice it; if you throw it away, you will hide it. Only I and you have this husband."
This title is indeed very correct. It is a "whole chapter title", that is to say, the entire chapter of the book is completely titled. This chapter comes from "The Analects of Confucius·Shuer", which is also the title of "The Analects of Confucius"
Chapter 7.
As we all know, the Analects of Confucius is a book in the form of quotations. It is the words of Confucius that his disciples reminisced about Confucius and some of his great disciples. Each paragraph is long or short, and each paragraph is called "one chapter of the book". There are a total of "Shu'er" chapters.
Chapter thirty-seven, this question is one of the chapters.
The title itself is also very simple. It is what Confucius said to his best student Yan Yuan (named Hui), which means: When the country uses you, you should use it according to your talents and ideas, and implement your various ideas.
; When the country no longer needs you, you put away your opinions and ideas. It seems that you and I are the only ones who can do this naturally and frankly.
Although this statement by Confucius seems simple, you must first understand what he meant before you can talk about it and think about how to solve the problem.
What does he mean? Let’s understand this passage in reverse: Ordinary people do not have enough knowledge and do not have any opinions, or even if they have opinions, they are not firm enough, or they have other concerns. Even if they are used by the country, they cannot have any opinions.
If you exert yourself and achieve something, then there is no "action".
This "action", understood with highly pragmatic modern thinking, is to display one's talents and realize one's political opinions.
Then there must be at least three prerequisites for this: first, there must be correct political opinions; second, there must be opinions that have been practiced, are indeed beneficial to people and society, can be consistent with objective reality, and are feasible; third, they must have
Have the talent and conditions to implement and realize these ideas; finally, you must have a "jun", which is a prerequisite for prerequisites, because without this "jun", who can use you?
If there is no "jun" to use you, then you can only "leave it and hide it". In Gao Pragmatic's view, Confucius's saying "leave it and hide it" is actually the common sentiment of Confucius and Yan Zi at that time, which is a kind of helplessness.
Frank expression, the two of them just comforted each other.
However, the extended meaning of this sentence had a great influence on later Confucianism: that is, it can both "act" and "give up and hide".
Place your hope of "action" on the "use" of Confucian scholars, rather than on the Confucianists' self-struggle or even election, self-expression, self-propaganda, expansion of influence, and winning over the masses.
And if you don’t use it, that’s “giving it up”. What should you do if you “give it up”? You can only “hide it”, that is, eliminate your personal ambitions. Even if you have outstanding talents, you must be able to stay content and “hide” them.
Okay, now that the original meaning of Confucius' original words and the "subtext" of Confucius' words are clear, we can start to think about how to solve the problem.
According to the fixed format of making meaning, you can only write two sentences to summarize and analyze the topic at the beginning. This is the so-called "breaking the topic". This is the most important and critical aspect of making meaning. Whether an article is good or not depends first on breaking the topic.
, if the structure of the topic is not enough and the intention is shallow, you can just ignore the rest of this article.
So what exactly is breaking the title? The inscription is easy to understand and needs no elaboration, but the word "broken" is worth pondering.
Specifically, what is "breaking" and how to "break" are two key points. According to the highly pragmatic thinking of later generations, this is a question of thinking method.
The so-called breaking means analysis, but it also has restrictions on the topic, language, and number of sentences. Therefore, this "breaking" and this analysis are not random and unrestricted analysis, but strict restrictions and various types of analysis.
Analysis under the constraints of conditions, this kind of analysis can be expressed in one word, which is "broken".
If I want to be more precise, I would divide the title into two parts accurately, and then express it accurately so that it becomes the outline of the full text.
And because the requirements for making meaning are very strict, and the title comes from the "Four Books", there are many other considerations. For example, if there is only one sentence as the title, there must be context. Therefore, the regulations cannot be violated.
Nor can it be committed.
Take Gao Gong's question as an example. If he singled out "Use it and do it" as the topic, Gao Pingshi couldn't think of "Leave it and hide it" when he was thinking about solving the problem. If he thought about it or wrote it, he would be committing a crime.
That’s not possible, it’s unqualified. On the contrary, if you just say “Leave it behind and hide it”, you naturally can’t think of the previous sentence, and being extraordinary is a mistake.
But after all, Gao Gong took into account Gao Pragmatic's age and the fact that he was just a beginner in making meaning. Therefore, this question consists of two sentences connected together, which itself is a question with two aspects, so it is easier to "break" it. Of course, it is also possible
Based on Gao Gong's understanding of Mr. Higashino, Mr. Higashino may prefer such upright questions rather than taking deviant directions, so this is not what Gao Pragmatic understands.
At this time, the paper has been spread out and the ink has been ground. Gao pragmatically dipped his pen in the ink and neatly wrote two sentences to break the title:
"What a sage should do is to hide it, only to show it to those who can."
Gao Gong stood aside, and when he saw these two sentences, he couldn't help but curl up the corners of his mouth, revealing a smile.
These two sentences of breaking the title clearly break the words "walk and hide", and covertly break the meaning "only I and you". Because all breaking the title, no matter who the sage or the name of the person is, must use the word "the capable one", so here Gao pragmatically uses the word "the capable one"
Refers to Yan Yuan.
Seeing Gao Gong not saying a word behind him, Gao Pragmatic knew that his solution to the problem should be considered qualified, so he did not hesitate and continued to write the title:
"The behavior of a saint is not easy to regulate. It can only be discussed with him since his appearance."
The title can be written in three, four or five sentences. Everyone in the title is addressed directly by name, so this sentence refers to Yan Zi directly. The words “breaking” and “carrying” are all based on the author’s intention and should not be spoken.
Then it was time to start the speech. Gao pragmatically wrote:
"Therefore, it is said that life-long experience can only be obtained by listening to others' opinions. Those who seek to be able to go beyond the limit are often rare. If there is something that can be confident, it may be obtained alone and nothing.
To be together, to be alone without anyone to talk to. This means that the poems that were entrusted to you are suitable for you, and I am lucky to have the words to talk to you now."
This is a ten-sentence lecture. There is no fixed rule for how many sentences there are. You can expand or contract them arbitrarily. You can use "ruoyue", "qiefu", "jinfu", "changsi" and other words to start the sentence. Gao pragmatically uses "gu" here.
"Specially called "," he said to Yan Yuan in the tone of Confucius. The four sentences of "Life" are the beginning, the three sentences of "Yu Yu" are the reverse, and the two sentences of "This meaning" are combined to cover the whole topic, with clear levels and high level.
The smile on Gong's face became even bigger.
However, after the beginning of the lecture, the tone of Confucius must be used entirely. This is also the time when the backbone of the full text begins to be built.
