Gao Pangshi had just come out of the palace. He did not go back to Gao Gong's palace, but came to the suburban villa that he had been given.
Yesterday Gao Gong asked him to ask for leave, so he wrote several notes. Except for one that was given directly to Gao Gong, the rest were sent to Zhu Xizhong, Shen Shixing and Zhang Siwei respectively. Gao Gong and Zhu Xizhong were the acquaintances of the Prince Jingyan.
On the surface, Shen Shixing is the official in charge of the civil and military affairs, while Shen Shixing is actually the person in charge of the Tongzhi Prince's banquet, while Zhang Siwei is Gao Pragmatic, a "fake bachelor" who is a serious official, so he cannot submit a request for leave.
If you fall behind, everything must be handed over.
Early this morning, Gao Pingshi entered the palace again and asked for leave from the prince in person. However, Zhu Yijun did not dare to take the initiative, so he quickly asked Chen Ju to go and ask Long Qing for instructions.
Long Qing heard that Gao Jingshi was going back to his hometown to take the exam, so he would not force him to stay, so he pretended to be granted leave. However, Zhu Yijun had not seen Gao Jingshi for a month and refused to let him leave immediately, insisting on asking him to accompany him.
You can't leave until you finish today's class.
Although Gao Pingshi still had a lot of things to deal with, he couldn't help but offend the prince, so he had to accompany him to the end of class.
The lecturer of today's lesson is Gu Yangqian, and he talks about the Analects of Confucius. To be precise, he doesn't actually "teach" it, but teaches Zhu Yijun to read "The Analects of Confucius: Weizheng Chapter 2".
Of course Zhu Yijun was literate, and there were no words he didn't recognize in the Weizheng chapter. However, the arrangement for this lesson was still to teach "reading" through official education. Here we must talk about the issue of education methods at this time.
The reason why the ancients called reading, not reading, the key to learning is to reflect the importance of "reading". These ancient articles must be read aloud when studying. The so-called loud reading sound, cadence, and the more you read, the better.
Work hard, the more you read, the clearer your thinking becomes, and the more you read, the more you can feel the true meaning of the book. When you read it smoothly, it will be like singing, and you can feel it directly from the sound.
Since Chinese is a combination of monosyllabic words and is divided into five tones: yin, yang, up, go, and enter, this gives ancient Chinese articles a distinct musical rhythm in their pronunciation. The rhythm echoes harmoniously and sounds good.
It is easy to read and creates conditions for the emergence of various poems and rhymes. For example, the neat contrast of language and characters, the harmony of oblique and oblique, is an art in itself and has great aesthetic feeling. This is also one of the prerequisites for the emergence of eight-part essay.
one.
Although the purpose of what the prince learned is different from what ordinary people learn, in the final analysis, he still needs to learn how to write Zhiyi Shiwen. And since he wants to learn eight-part essay, the method will naturally remain the same.
How to learn Bagu? The first thing is to have solid basic skills. What is basic skills? At the very least, the Four Books and Five Classics must be memorized thoroughly, especially the "Four Books", including the white text and Zhu Xi's annotations. You must memorize one sentence.
Or forget; you have to memorize the correct pronunciation of each character; you have to learn to read long pairs of more than two to more than ten characters (so pairing couplets is a very common thing in this era and is generally not worth mentioning);
You need to be familiar with at least hundreds of works by famous writers; you need to learn to write in regular script, Guange style, etc. These are the most basic things.
When it comes to "reading" specifically, how to teach it? In fact, the teaching methods of Prince's lectures are basically the same as those in private schools. They are generally calculated based on the "number of sentences", that is, how many sentences of raw books are roughly stipulated to be read every day. But here in Prince's case, generally speaking
There is one article per day. Occasionally, if a certain article is too long, it will be taught over several days.
Since the books read at this time had no punctuation, when the lecturer was teaching students to read the book, he would use a vermilion brush to point out a short sentence and read it once. The prince and Gao pragmatically read it again, and when they reached a complete sentence,
Draw a circle.
For example, at the beginning of "The Analects of Confucius": "Confucius said: Learn and practice from time to time, isn't it also true?" The lecturer clicked a small dot next to "Confucius said" and read "Confucius said", Zhu Yijun and Gao pragmatic followed and read "Confucius said"
"The Master said", then read "Learn and practice from time to time", then circle and read "Isn't it true", and both of them followed suit.
This is the method of reading by telling officials, which is the so-called sentence, teasing. But it is not just read once. In fact, speaking of officials should read it ten times, Zhu Yijun and Gao pragmatically follow it ten times, and then the two of them repeat it ninety times.
times to complete the day's homework.
However, in addition to the lectures on the day, you also need to review, that is, what you have learned in the first four days must also be reviewed. The method of review is still reading, ranging from ten to dozens of times.
Learn and practice from time to time, review the old and learn the new. This sentence is not a joke. The ancients had to follow this rule when studying, whether they were commoners or princes.
After reading, he had to memorize. The method of recitation was very familiar to Gao Pragmatic: it was actually the same as when he was a child in his previous life. He stood in front of the teacher and recited what he had learned today and what he had learned in the previous four days in front of the teacher. What if?
If you can't recite it, or if you recite it stumblingly, with no coherence and smoothness, and with ups and downs of cadence, you are considered unqualified. You have to go back and continue reading until you can recite it proficiently.
This is a dead rule, let alone being pragmatic, even the prince cannot be an exception.
If it cannot be completed, there will be punishments. However, if Gao Pragmatic cannot recite it, he will be punished by the official hitting his palm with a ruler, while the prince will not be beaten. But if Zhu Yijun really cannot recite it, in addition to one less punishment, he will be beaten.
In addition, another punishment is the same as Gao pragmatism: no lunch.
At this point, the two of them can be regarded as inseparable brothers. Only after the recitation is finished and the lecturer nods his head can he have lunch.
But of course Gao Pragmatic's treatment cannot be compared with that of the prince - if the prince can recite but Gao Pragmatic cannot, the prince can go to eat; if Gao Pragmatic can recite but the prince cannot recite, then not only the prince cannot eat, but Gao Pragmatic cannot go to eat either.
Therefore, accompanying the prince in reading is not an easy job.
Today, Zhu Yijun and Gao Pragmatic read "Second for the Government". Gao Pragmatic has actually been able to memorize it a long time ago - he can already write eight-legged essay, so memorizing it is no longer a problem. In fact, after reading with him for the past six months, he has only
Once because I was distracted while reciting, I stuttered a bit on my lips, so I was slapped on the hand once. Other times I was not punished at all.
However, it was still a bit difficult for Zhu Yijun, because "Wei Zheng Pian" has a total of twenty-four short paragraphs. Not only did each paragraph have to be memorized, but the order must not be wrong - if it is in the wrong order, it cannot be called a master. So I waited for Zhu Yijun to memorize it.
Finished, just in time for lunch.
Since Gao Jingshi was about to return to his hometown, Zhu Yijun applied to today's Japanese lecturer Gu Yangqian to let Gao Jingshi accompany him to the meal. Gu Yangqian was Gao Gong's disciple, so of course he would not be too embarrassed, so he readily agreed.
However, the so-called eating together does not mean that the two of them sit at the same table to eat, which is not allowed. It is just that the two tables are adjacent to each other, with Zhu Yijun at the top and Gao Jingjing at the bottom. This way they are closer and can chat while eating -
- Chatting was not allowed in the first place, because it is a rule to "eat without speaking". However, the officials themselves were ministers. During the meal, Gu Yangqian had already gone to the next door and could not see Zhu Yijun and Gao Pragmatic at all, so the two of them had