Spring is cold, and it is still a bit cold in Saibei in early spring. Especially after a day and night of spring rain, the cold wind seems to be even colder.
The herdsmen of Xin'ai's department, regardless of age or sex, all huddled in their felt tents and burned cow dung to keep warm. Some women even discussed waiting for the rain on the grasslands to dry up before inviting them out to collect cow dung.
Cow dung has always been used as fuel by herdsmen for heating and cooking. When ordinary women on the grassland are not busy, they carry a basket and go out to pick up cow dung. Outside the large and small felt tents of the tribe, piles of cow dung can be seen everywhere.
Cow dung is inseparable from the daily life of herdsmen.
However, only Xin Ai and other tribes still stubbornly maintain this tradition. In Dabansheng City and Guihua City, there are only ordinary herdsmen who still use cow dung as fuel, and the descendants of the noble golden family such as Dacheng Taiji
, has long used the briquettes sold to the grassland from Jinghua Datong Coal Mine.
The herdsmen heard that it was a good fuel without any odor, and it was not expensive, much cheaper than charcoal. However, they would not buy it even if it was cheaper - there is no shortage of cow dung on the grassland.
What is the use of briquettes? The smell is nothing, that is, only the noble golden family needs to pay attention to this.
Datong Coal Mine is a new mine in Beijing. In fact, it is wrong to say that: firstly, the location of Datong Coal Mine is actually dozens of miles southwest of Datong City. Secondly, it should be said to be a coal mine group, with more than a dozen large and small ones.
Mineral points.
In later generations, Datong Coal Mine was the first coal mine in the late Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China and the Red Dynasty for a long time. Gao Pragmatic has been eyeing Datong for a long time, but although he has enclosed some land in Datong, he has only dug some land so far.
Coal has not yet been considered to support the metallurgical industry.
On the one hand, it is influenced by the overall iron and steel development idea of "Kaiping supplies the north and Ha Tinh supplies the south"; on the other hand, it is because Shanxi's iron ore resources are mainly concentrated in central Shanxi, specifically the Wutaishan area and Lan County on the east and west sides of Shuozhou.
The area is a bit far away from Datong, and Shanxi is mountainous, so land transportation is not very cost-effective.
If you insist on doing it, of course you can still make money, but the profit rate is not high enough. At least compared to other industries with high pragmatism, the rate of return is a bit ugly, so it is postponed for the time being.
However, the briquette business in Datong Coal Mine was very good. At the beginning, Gao Pragmatic planned to rely on the briquettes used by the border army for heating and cooking. Who knew that merchants from Datong and even Taiyuan people came to buy coal, and the quantity was not small.
, Later, Gao Pragmatic sent people to investigate and found out that although Shanxi was full of coal mines, the level of excavation during this period was very limited, the labor costs were high, and the safety was very poor, resulting in prices that were not cheap at all.
But Jinghua has been mining coal for more than ten years, and there is even a special school to teach coal mining in Jianxinzhai. It has already formed a low-cost and safer mining operation. Therefore, Jinghua can sell the finished briquettes at a higher price than those from Shanxi Tu coal mines.
Raw coal is still cheap, so there is no need to worry about running out of business.
This hot sales quickly attracted the attention of the Mongolians who had close contact with Shanxi. Some Mongolian nobles were extremely satisfied after trying Jinghua's briquettes and felt that this "non-stinky cow dung" that was strong and resistant to burning was very suitable for their noble families.
The descendants of the Golden Family also began to buy in large quantities.
Later, the Han people in Daban Shengcheng and Guihua City also began to like Jinghua's briquettes, and they gave up the cow dung they didn't like in the first place and switched to coal.
In this way, Jinghua unexpectedly opened up a medium-sized market. In fact, this is also a manifestation of the gradual Chineseization of Mongolians, but it needs to be covered slowly from the top to the bottom.
Without further ado, while the herdsmen of the Xin'ai tribe were sitting around in their tribal felt tents to keep warm, behind a hillside forty miles away, a cavalry army that had just temporarily camped in the rain was distributing ginger soup.
This cavalry army numbered 50,000 to 60,000, and the troops came out from many gates.
The central army is composed of elites from the Dachengtaiji tribe and the direct descendants of the Guihua Wangting, with a total of 30,000 troops; the rear troops are the Gao family cavalry and the Majia army, a total of 4,000; the forward troops are 6,000 from Qataiji.
Elite; the left and right wings are complicated. Anyway, there are a lot of Taiji. In addition to the Qingba Du Taiji, there are also the powerful generals of the past who are waiting for me, a total of fifteen or six thousand riders.
The whole army together is about 56,000 cavalry, which is almost half of the strength of the entire Tumut (Daban Shengcheng and Guihua City each left 10,000, and each Taiji except Qataiji,
None of them came out in full force).
It was Ma Gui's idea to stop and set up camp. Originally, according to the wishes of Dacheng Taiji and Qia Taiji, the "commanders and deputy commanders", they should rush over directly and catch Xin Ai by surprise.
But Ma Gui disagreed. He felt that the whole army was rushing to attack, and it was also rushing in the rain. Now it is not far from Xin'ai's tribe. Due to the rain, Xin'ai's tribe didn't even let their horses go to explore, and they all stayed in the old camp.
Didn't move.
At this moment, you don't have to worry too much about the failure of the sneak attack, but you should worry about whether there will be any disease in the army after the rain.
In this era, colds and fevers can kill people. Even if such unlucky ghosts are not too big, a large number of colds and fevers will seriously drag down the combat effectiveness of the army. Even if the army defeats Xin Ai, it must be prepared for the unknown plot that will appear when.
Our Khan Chahar tribe is elite, so it is necessary to camp in advance and drink some ginger soup or other cold-repelling things. Specific operations can be launched immediately after the rain stops - for the cavalry, the distance of forty miles has an impact.
Not big.
In fact, Qataiji felt that Ma Gui's worries were a bit unnecessary, because it was very common for Mongolian knights in this era to march in the rain. The number of people in the 50,000 to 60,000 soldiers who could actually die from colds and fevers would not exceed 100, he said.
I don't think this will seriously affect combat effectiveness.
As for Tumen Khan's actions, Chatterji believed that he could not arrive so quickly, so his side could rest and recover after defeating Xin Ai before going to face Tumen.
But Dacheng Taiji agreed with this point of view. It is impossible to know whether he was really kind to his subordinates, or whether he was just giving Ma Gui face out of pragmatism.
The ginger was provided by Ma Gui. Both the Gao family's cavalry and the Ma's soldiers brought a lot of this "strategic material", especially the wealthy Gao family's cavalry. Each of them brought two kilograms of ginger and hung it on the back of the horse.
Now everyone took half of it to make soup. Some people even took out a little brown sugar from the oil paper bag and mixed it into their own ginger soup, which made the Mongolians jealous.
Ma Gui's so-called rear army was actually not that far away. It was just hanging on the tail of Han Naji's army. This arrangement was obviously deliberately arranged by Han Naji because he was worried that the Ming army would suffer too much.
Now that the camp was set up, Ma Gui came to the Chinese army and discussed the next military situation with Bahan Naji, Qiataiji, Qingbadu, Daerhan Ruobulang and others.
In fact, the current military situation is relatively simple. Because of yesterday's spring rain, the detectives from Qataiji's headquarters carefully inquired many times and confirmed that Xin'ai's headquarters was unprepared.
This is very simple. In theory, even if the Xin Ai tribe discovered this army within a few dozen miles without being summoned, it would be able to summon at most about 10,000 subordinates to fight, and 50,000 cavalry would press forward.
There is no need for Mangu's evil tactics, it can be solved by just charging into the formation.
Even if you have to use some tactics, you only need to outflank and encircle them for a while.
After all, we are all Tumuts, so there won’t be much difference in fighting ability. Once we fight, the sheer number of people will basically determine the outcome.
In the eyes of all the Mongolian Taijis, Magui's troops did not even need to go out at all, as long as they could watch them win from a distance.
In fact, to be honest, Ma Gui himself does not have a strong desire to fight. In his opinion, if the Mongols fight the Mongols, it has nothing to do with him as a Han?
Oh no, he is a Muslim.
The Hui people in this era were not as troubled as in a certain period. The Ming Dynasty did not regard them as outsiders, and they did not regard themselves as outsiders. The relationship between the Han and Hui was relatively harmonious.
In fact, the Ming Dynasty seems to be quite generous to any ethnic group that is willing to naturalize. Let’s not talk about the early ones. Let’s just say that currently, neither the East, Li, or Xima families are out-and-out Han Chinese - Li Chengliang himself is of Han descent, but his ancestors
He took refuge in North Korea during the Tang Dynasty, and returned to the Ming Dynasty only after his great ancestor.
But whether it is Li Chengliang, a descendant of overseas Chinese in Korea (the Han identity is confirmed, he is just a "descendant of overseas Chinese"), or Ma Gui, a descendant of the Semu people in the Mongolian and Yuan Dynasties, they will definitely not regard themselves as "foreigners".
Speaking of which, ancient China was really not very ambitious in this regard. Regardless of the Han, Tang or Ming Dynasty, they all seemed to think that it was a normal phenomenon to "enter China and become China".
For example, Jin Rixi from the Han Dynasty, Ashina Sheer from the Tang Dynasty, Geshu Han from the Ming Dynasty... well, there are too many from the Ming Dynasty.
Let’s start with someone with an extremely pure bloodline, Nahachu. This person is from the Muhuali lineage, one of the four heroes of Genghis Khan. Of course, he was also a high-ranking official in the Yuan Dynasty. In the Northern Yuan Dynasty, he was still named the prime minister, and his power was not reduced. Hongwu 20
In the Ming Dynasty, he was granted the title of Marquis of Haixi. After his death, his son Chahan moved to the Marquis of Shenyang and died because he was implicated in the Lan Yu case.
Another person who is also a relative of the emperor, Jin Zhong, is the sixth generation grandson of Hengyang King Ye Xianbuhua, the Taibao of the Yuan Dynasty ancestor. His Mongolian name is Yesian Mugan. Yesian Mugan is a Mongolian prince who can conquer.
He was good at fighting and had a bad reputation. He surrendered during Zhu Di's fourth Northern Expedition and was given the name Jin Zhong and was named King Zhongyong. He participated in the two subsequent Northern Expeditions and was awarded the title of Prince Shaobao and Taibao for his merits.
Then there is a person at the level of Duke, Wu Cheng, whose original name is Mai Don. He was the second-rank Youcheng in the Yuan Dynasty. During the Hongwu period, he submitted to the Ming Dynasty. He became a Duke of Qu in the Qing Dynasty. After his death, he was given to the Duke of Qu. His descendants took over as a count until the death of the Ming Dynasty.
Some friends may think that conferring titles and titles to these princes and grandsons of the Yuan Dynasty is just to appease the old people of the Yuan Dynasty. Let’s take a look at the following ones.
Tuohuan is a common name among the Mongolians. There was also a Tuohuan in the Yongle Dynasty. His Chinese name was Xue Bin. He inherited his father Xuetai's military position. He followed Zhu Di in the northern expedition and made meritorious service. He became the governor of Tongzhi and was later granted the title of Yongshun Bo.
Compared with Xue Bin, his son Xue Shou was even more heroic. During the Tumu Incident that shocked the world, when the Wala army launched its final attack, the Ming army general Xue Shou led the rear and fought to the death. He returned the arrows after running out of arrows.
Continue to hold the bow against the enemy.
Knowing that he would die but not retreating, how brave is this? The Oara army resented his persistence and brutally dismembered him.
Who doesn’t admire such a brave man?
What even the Wala people don’t know is that Xue Shou is a Mongolian, and his real name is Birthday Boy.
All the Oara soldiers regretted it and cried.
"When the string is broken and the arrows are used up, I still hold the empty bow to strike at the enemy. The enemy is angry and cuts him off. Now that he knows that he is a Mongolian, he says: 'We are of the same kind, so we should be as brave and strong as this', and weep with him."
Also during the Tumu Incident, Wu Keqin, the commander-in-chief who was ordered to lead the army from the rear and fought first, and his brother Wu Kezhong, who were also Mongolians, were ordered by Yingzong to lead an army of 15,000 Duanhou and became the first to attack by the Oara army.
Target, brothers all died in the battle.
Wu Keqin's son Wu Jin led several soldiers to stop Cao Qin's rebels during Cao Qin's rebellion a few years later, and died in a fierce battle. From the earliest surrender to the capital Timur, whose Chinese name was Wu Yuncheng, to his grandson Wu Jin and even
Later, many members of the Wu family died in royal affairs, and they were very loyal to the Ming Dynasty. Doesn't the so-called loyal family refer to them?
Then there is Sun Boring. Many people know him because he was the first to fight at Xizhimen in the battle to defend Beijing. A few years later, he played an important role in putting down Cao Jixiang's rebellion. In fact, Sun Boring is also a Mongolian. He was born in Dongfang.
Shengzhou, that place is now called Tuotuo City - yes, it is Tuotuo City, the territory of Chataiji.
Mao Fushou, the left governor who also fought vigorously in the battle to defend the capital, was also a Mongolian. After his death, he was given a marquis title and passed on to the title until the end of the Ming Dynasty.
There are too many Mongolian officials in the Ming Dynasty, and I don’t know when I will be able to finish introducing them one by one. I will randomly select some of the third-level officials and above to briefly introduce them.
Li Xian, whose original name was Chou Donkey, was a Tatar, and was promoted to the right governor (first rank); Jinshun, a Wala native, whose real name was Arugesili, was promoted to the governor Qianshi (second rank), and was granted the title of Shunyi Bo; Hou Jun was left
Commander-in-Chief Ma Keshun (whose real name is Pi'er Ma Heima); Commander-in-Chief of the Zuo Army Left Chai Yongzheng (whose real name is Tomb Timur); Commander-in-Chief Wang Bin; Commander-in-Chief Ji Duo; Commander-in-Chief Yu Zhong (original name Boyandari)
; The Commander-in-Chief Gao Li (whose real name is Nili Polo); the Commander-in-Chief Chen Shouzhong (whose real name is Qiaqia); the Commander-in-Chief Tongzhi Ding Shun (his real name is Ding Don); the Commander-in-Chief Baizhong (whose real name is Beidou Nu)...
There are so many high-ranking Mongolian Ming Dynasty officials above the third rank that it is difficult to list them all. As for the number of other low-rank officials and generals, you can naturally make a rough calculation based on the proportion.
During the Ming Dynasty, there were always Mongolian warriors fighting side by side with the Han army. Until the end of the Ming Dynasty, when the rogue bandits rebelled, many generals of Mongolian descent also fought with them.
For example, as fierce as a tiger, he was the chief military officer of the Chinese Association in Ji Town, the governor of the department (the second grade), fought against Zhang Xianzhong and Li Zicheng's uprising army, and later died in Nanyang, Henan; the tiger was powerful, had meritorious service in the army, and was promoted to Shanxi general, Chongzhen
During that time, he served as the deputy commander-in-chief of the army, the governor of the department Qianshi (the second grade), led the army to suppress the peasant army, and later died in the battle in Runing, Henan... As for the most famous Mangui, this one probably needs no introduction.
In fact, this traditional thought of the Han Dynasty was also one of the foundations for Gao Pragmatic's courage to consider using political and economic means to conquer Mongolia, because in the eyes of the Han people at this time, no matter which ethnic group you were from, as long as you were "naturalized",
Just one of our own people.
And what about the Mongols at this time? It's also very simple: I followed the Khan, and I am a Mongol warrior; I followed the emperor, and I am loyal to the Ming Dynasty.
Bloodline? Damn bloodline, whoever feeds you is the father.
Therefore, bloodline is almost irrelevant, but "naturalization" is very important.
I answer that Wang Ting was named "Guihua City" by Zhu Yijun. It is not as simple as giving a name casually. There is a profound political significance behind it.
The reason why the Han people are strong is because they don't care about blood at all. What they care about is culture.
If you believe in Han culture, I will consider you a Han. If you don’t believe in Han culture, then you are “not of my race, and your mentality must be different.”
Why did the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty only rule the Han Dynasty for a few decades and then retreat to the grassland in despair, while the Tatar Qing Dynasty was able to maintain its power for more than two hundred years?
Because the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty refused to sinicize, and the Tatar Qing Dynasty, at least on the face of it, sinicized it quite thoroughly - in the end, the Manchus had all their own characters sinicized, and "Manwen Old Documents" almost became a dead code in later generations, and the Manchu language
It has almost become a "historical language".
Why did Inner Mongolia and Northeast China never appear in the border areas where there were so many things in later generations? It’s just a high degree of Chineseization (I can’t seem to say it anymore).
Although war is one of the ways to solve the problem, it is obviously a "dumb way" and should only exist when other means cannot solve it.
When economic means and political means can solve problems, people are always thinking about fighting. One is that there is no more trouble. This needs no further explanation. When faced with problems when they are full of blood, everyone will be more inclined to solve problems through violence. This is human nature.
; and the other type has other agendas - such as Li Chengliang.
After it was determined that Hannaji would succeed Chechen Khan, Xin Ai was a figure who was difficult to solve with political means, and Gao pragmatically believed that violent solution to him could achieve a certain political goal, so he unfortunately became the war chosen by Gao pragmatically.
Target.
Seeing Ma Gui's income, Han Naji and others all smiled. Han Naji himself was the most affectionate. He stood up to greet him and said: "Mr. Ma, you came just in time. We are discussing military affairs."
Here... Come, sit down and talk. Someone, come and serve Mr. Ma some tea, some good tea!"
There is also a ban on alcohol in the Mongolian army, especially before the war begins, but Han Naji is a "gentleman" and likes to serve tea to his guests...
Ma Gui thanked him with a smile and sat down without being humble or arrogant.
After everyone was seated, Han Naji smiled and said: "Mr. Ma, we just had a brief discussion. You are a guest from afar and you are tired from the journey. Tomorrow you will be responsible for taking care of the baggage. Charge and kill."
We can do this for the enemy, what do you think?"
Today's Mongolian army is not the same as it was during the Western Expedition more than 200 years ago. There is still baggage, but it is relatively small. Letting Ma Gui take care of the baggage is actually telling him that he does not need to participate in the war.
Ma Gui didn't care about this, because the order given to him by Gao Pingshi didn't say that he had to participate in the battle, and even hinted at the meaning of "a bloody battle will be avoided, and you might as well catch a drowned dog".
Therefore, Ma Gui nodded and obeyed the order, saying: "Mou understands." He cannot be called the last general, because in theory, he, the deputy commander, has a higher status than Han Naji's current short-term dragon and tiger general.
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