There is a train station in the south of Fengtian Huanggu District, which is Huanggutun Station.**
In 1907, the Beijing-Fenghuang Railway ran from Xinmintong to the current Huanggutun Station. At that time, it was named Jingfeng Railway Terminal. Later, the terminal was extended to the North Market, and the Beijing-Fengtian Railway Terminal was changed to Fengtian Terminal.
At that time, in addition to the Japan-Manchuria Railway, the Fengjing Railway was the only railway transportation line leading to the Guanhai Pass. It was also a railway in the Northeast built entirely with national capital. It helped Zhang Dashuai, the Feng clique warlord who was in charge of the three northeastern provinces at that time, to consolidate the strength of the Northeast and develop the economy of the Northeast. It played a vital role in expanding the sphere of influence into the pass.
Huanggutun Station was called Huanggufen Station at the time, and was later restored to Huanggutun Station. From the end of the Qing Dynasty to the beginning of the Republic of China, except for the buildings in Shenhe and Heping Districts, almost all other places in Fengtian City were vegetable gardens. Wasteland, blisters, rocky hills, and because Huanggutun is the terminal after the opening of the railway, the economy is relatively developed and merchants gather there. There are more than 30 shops, warehouses, pharmacies, restaurants, oil shops, silversmith shops, and engraving shops. agency, photo studio, post office and many other places.
Economic development promoted the development of education. At that time, Huanggutun Primary School was an earlier school in the Huanggu area of Fengtian City and was also larger in scale. The Huanggutun Chamber of Commerce Primary School was built in 1904. The chairman of the school was the president of the Huanggutun Chamber of Commerce. Meng Shuzeng, the owner of Yutong Warehouse; Huanggutun Rotary Primary School was built in 1913. It was a public school founded by the Beijing-Fengcheng Railway Bureau for the children of Huanggutun and Huanggutun Car Repair Factory; Huanggutun Puyu Primary School was a family with the surname Mr. Wang Lao’s private school set up a school, which had a great influence. The alley is still called Puyuli after the Puyup School.
Huanggutun also has Huanggu Tomb, Jishan Temple, etc. There are temple fairs every April 18th and every fifth and tenth day.
Due to the prosperity at that time and the location of the station with developed transportation, it was adjacent to the then prosperous North Market Business District and the goods yard of Fengtian Terminal and Zhang Dashuai's Fengtian Spinning Factory on the east side of Sandong Bridge to the east. It was adjacent to the Riman Railway freight yard to the south. To the west, there was gradually an industrial embryonic railway. The Western District requires a large amount of cheap labor. It is adjacent to the main land route in and out of Shanhaiguan in the north. It is also a famous royal road. What is now Huashan Road was built by the Qing Dynasty when the emperor returned to Shengjing to pay homage to the two ancestral mausoleums.
Therefore, a large number of people who escaped from Guanli and came to Shandong, Hebei and Henan to enter Guandong gathered around Huanggutun Station. They built simple shacks one by one, gradually forming a shantytown chained by their place of origin.
At that time, the relationship between fellow villagers was more important than blood ties, and they helped each other and relied on poverty to survive. It was then that shantytowns such as Kejian, Huashan and Yaming began to form. Most of the residents here were ordinary working people with ancestral roots in the pass and living at the bottom.
With the outbreak of the Huanggutun incident in 1928, Northeastern warlord Zhang Dashuai was killed by elements of the Japanese imperialist Kwantung Army at the Sandong Bridge, and Huanggutun became a place that attracted the world's attention.
Although Zhang Dashuai was born in a green forest and had never read a book, he was well aware of the righteousness of the country and the nation. The biggest reason for his death was Zhang's failure to implement the so-called Twenty-One Parties concerning the Sino-Japanese New Treaty on Agriculture and Industry in Southern Manchuria and Eastern Mongolia.
Although the Japanese succeeded in blackmailing Yuan Shikai in Beijing, they negotiated with Marshal Zhang for many years in the Northeast, but failed to get what they wanted. The Japanese Consul General in Fengtian, Shigeru Yoshida, was a famous Japanese diplomat. On one occasion, when negotiating for China and Japan, he asked Marshal Zhang Shuai said in an arrogant and domineering tone:\u201If Japan really refuses to accept its words, Japan will have other ways. Zhang Nai replied sarcastically: What! If you have any good ideas, come up with them, are you going to send troops again? My surname is Zhang, just wait. !\u201After finishing his words, he stood up to see off the guests, which made Yoshida very embarrassed.
After this incident, Japan's Minister to China Kenkichi Yoshizawa came forward and negotiated with Zhang many times, but to no avail.
Because at this time Zhang had already assumed the post of Generalissimo of Anhui in Beijing. In 1928, when the Nationalist Government troops were engaged in the Northern Expedition and the Fengcheng faction was in a disadvantageous situation, Marshal Zhang was determined to withdraw from Beijing. Japan was very uneasy about this situation.
On June 1st, it was reported that Fangze had secretly visited Zhang Dashuai and advised him to accept Japan's conditions, otherwise it would be detrimental to him. If he could accept it, Japan would protect Zhang's return to Fengtian via Dalian. This meeting lasted for a long time, and the attendants stood outside the living room.
The personnel once heard Zhang shout loudly: My surname is Zhang, I will not betray the country, and I am not afraid of death.
At 1 a.m. on June 3, Dashuai Zhang left Beijing. At 5:30 a.m. on June 4, Dashuai Zhang entered Fengtian Huanggu Village in a special car. When he was under the bridge at the intersection of Nanman Road and Jingfeng Road, there was a loud noise and the suspension bridge collapsed.
It just fell on the third, fourth, and fifth carriages.
The suspension bridge deck is divided into 3 sections, supported by stone pillars, and the outer shell of the pillars is 6 feet thick with steel cement. Therefore, if it is not a special explosive, it is impossible to exert such a huge destructive power. At the same time, when a train passes under the bridge, if it is not calculated by using electric current, it will also
It can't be that accurate.
After the train was bombed, the scene was filled with corpses, which was too horrific to look at. Zhang Dashuai was seriously injured, and all the other carriages were accompanied by people. Seeing that Zhang was in trouble, they quickly rescued him, guarded the accident site at the intersection, and did not allow people to contact the scene, and sent Zhang Dashuai back to Fengtian by car.
.
Due to serious injuries, Zhang died at 10 a.m. at the age of 55. However, the news was blocked and the outside world was completely unaware of it.
According to various information leaked after Japan surrendered, the assassination of Marshal Zhang was indeed planned and organized by the Japanese Kwantung Army. The commander of the Kwantung Army at the time was Lieutenant General Chotaro Muraoka. Important generals of the Kwantung Army believed that Marshal Zhang was controlled by Japan.
The biggest obstacle in the Northeast is that if Marshal Zhang is not eliminated, Japan will have great resistance in the Northeast, so Muraoka personally presided over the assassination of Marshal Zhang.
Initially, Muraoka secretly dispatched Takeshita Yoshiharu, the Japanese military attaché in Harbin, to Beijing to carry out the mission. However, Daisaku Kawamoto's staff saw through it and believed that Beijing had many eyes and ears, making it difficult to conceal the assassination. Therefore, he launched the assassination when General Zhang returned to the Northeast, that is, Kawamoto
take action
Commander-in-Chief, the date of the conspiracy decision was after May 31st. The assassination location was originally planned to be Jingfeng Road, Juliuhe Road Bridge. However, due to the tight surveillance of the Central Police in this area, there was no opportunity to arrange the plot calmly, so Kawamoto chose Huanggutun.
The Nanman Road Suspension Bridge is the place to start.
Kawamoto also thought of a way to cover up his responsibility. First, Ronin Adachi Takamori found the unemployed Chinese soldier Liu Daiming, and then he found three beggars who sold morphine and pretended to be the murderers. They took him to Ichifuro, an affiliated area of Nanman Road, late at night on June 3.
After bathing and changing clothes in the bathroom, the Japanese soldiers took him under the Huanggutun suspension bridge and killed him with bayonets.
Among the three people, a beggar surnamed Wang took the opportunity to escape while taking a bath. After Zhang Dashuai was bombed, the beggar surnamed Wang immediately reported to Fengjun that the two dead bodies of the murderers pointed out by the Japanese were the bodies of the two beggars. The owner of the bathhouse had once
They went to see the body and confirmed to the Fengtian Japanese Military Police that it was a beggar who had taken a bath in his bathroom.
Kawamoto had paid Liu Deming a deposit of 1,000 yen beforehand, but refused to acknowledge the payment afterwards. Saionji, a senior Japanese political figure, was afraid that Liu Deming would be arrested by the Marshal and leak the scandal, so he sent Liu Deming to Dalian to help him open a cigarette shop.
After the young marshal from Beijing heard the news, he disguised himself as a cook and took a train from Beijing back to Fengtian. Before he arrived in Fengtian, Fengfang only issued a communiqué announcing that Marshal Zhang was seriously injured and did not announce his death. Zhang's head was bandaged.
, with only his eyes, nose, and mouth exposed, he was lying on the bed, and opium stoves and fruits were placed as usual. The Japanese visitors asked him to look outside the bedroom, so that the Japanese believed it was true.
The signature of Marshal Zhang's will was signed by the Marshal. Since the Marshal could imitate the signature of the Marshal, it could be completely fake. Therefore, the Marshal took office as the acting commander-in-chief of Fengjun based on this forged document, and then mobilized his direct troops to return to Shen at night to make the Kwantung Army There is no more chance.
After the Kwantung Army murdered Marshal Zhang, the then Japanese Prime Minister Tanaka was very disappointed. Since the Kwantung Army killed Marshal Zhang, it was equivalent to forcing the entire Fengtian faction to rebel against Japan. Therefore, there was no other way to go except to occupy the Northeast.
This public case aroused great controversy in the Japanese government. It was dragged on for more than a year, but it succumbed to the intimidation of young soldiers. Finally, after careful investigation of the Zhang case, it was found that the Kwantung Army was not involved\u201 and the government closed the case in vague terms. The failure to control the military has pushed Japan further down the road of militarism.