Chapter 165 Education and Imperial Examinations (Part 2)
There was a problem with the net at home last night. This chapter was made up at 10 o'clock last night. Today, I am still three more.
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In fact, Shang Yi attached great importance to education. As early as when Shang Yi only occupied Zhejiang Province, not only did he establish a relatively complete education system from low to high, but also added practical knowledge in terms of education. For example, in primary and secondary schools, natural subjects such as mathematics, physics, astronomy, etc., and new subjects such as foreign languages, geography, and world history are also added in universities. The provinces have been popularized, and a number of new education teachers have been cultivated.
However, according to the report of the Ministry of Education, in the process of the popularization of new education, some places have been resisted. Although there are some places that do not resist new education, most students do not like to listen to these lessons. The teachings are very sloppy. There are also some villagers who are ridiculed by these new subjects. Some people prohibit students from learning these subjects. The reason is that the imperial examinations will not take these things, and it is useless to learn.
Because the war was closely collected a while ago, Shang Yi couldn't care about things here, so it was temporarily allowed to be appointed for resistance. Now the overall situation will be determined that it should also be the time to solve education.
From the current situation, the education established by Nanjing Zheng FU has been relatively complete, so what needs to be changed is the content and form of the imperial examinations, that is, to add other content in the imperial examination examination.
In fact, many people of insight in the past have known the disadvantages of the imperial examinations, but for many years, they have not revised or improved the content of the imperial examinations for many years. On the one hand The contents of the cold windows of the country have been studying for decades for decades, and almost all of them have been studying in the study of the imperial examinations, and the imperial examinations have developed to the present. Although the content of the content is monotonous, it also forms a system to improve the test -oriented education model. And there are many previous experiences to be referenced. Once they have changed, they have changed the content form. Therefore, they all hope to maintain tradition and refuse to change.
As a result, as long as people who propose to modify the form of imperial examinations will often become the target of the criticism and be attacked by scholars across the country, and the imperial courts have also held a mentality of one thing as much as one thing. I hope that the methods of imperial examinations are used to unify their minds and maintain their own system. Therefore, the form of imperial examinations not only has not been improved, but also stricter and strict restrictions, and scholars have desperately drilled into the piles in order to be an official's dream. Study on hard work, except for the exams, there is no other role in learning.
Shang Yi also knows that it is not realistic to completely change the content of the imperial examinations. There are certain limitations in any form of exams. After so many years of college entrance examinations, so many changes are still many problems, and I don’t have myself. It may be in place at a time. But the necessary adjustment should still be.
According to Shang Yi's thoughts, it should be like the examination papers of later generations. Doing articles is only part of them. It should also add mathematics, physics, astronomy and other natural subjects. Calculate the results, and the proposition of the article should get rid of the scope of the four books and five classics, target current affairs, and the style is not limited.
In addition, it is obviously that the scope of the selection is too small, and most of the selected are comprehensive human materials, and there is a lack of professional and technical personnel. The departments will go out to test questions, recruit professional technicians required by various departments, such as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs can test foreign languages, the Ministry of Construction ’s examination of civil engineering construction technology, and the Ministry of Finance for mathematics, etc. In this way One way out can also be used as a supplement to the imperial examination.
And now changing the contents of the imperial examinations, there are several benefits: First, mathematics, physics, astronomy and other natural subjects. Among the educational uniforms formulated by Shang Yi, they have begun to be popularized and implemented. After more than two or three years, although it has also been resisted, most places still accept it. Therefore, there is a considerable foundation. At the same time study.
In addition, it is also an important point that Shang Yi was the new dynasty established. At the beginning of the construction of the dynasty, in order to express the difference from the old dynasty, or to learn the lessons of the old dynasty, some improvements were made. In the event of the year, the imperial examinations in the south were interrupted for seven or eight years. Although the Qing court had been opened to the scientific sciences, it was only limited to the northern region, but only one scientific examination was held. It was interrupted, so at this time, the imperial examination system was reforming, the timing was good, and the resistance encountered is much smaller.
Wang Fuzhi, Li Yan and others have participated in the imperial examinations, but they have a certain understanding of the disadvantages of the imperial examinations. In fact, in the late Ming Dynasty, the knowledge scholars represented by Huang Zongxi, Gu Yanwu, and Wang Fu Culture has carried out a comprehensive reflection, and the imperial examination system is also within the scope of reflection. Although they may not have seen Shang Yi so clearly, after all, Shang Yi has 3670 years of insights, but they are also all It is believed that the imperial examinations should not be just a moral article, but should be used by the world.
Therefore, the proposition of the article should be used to get rid of the scope of the four books and five classics. For current affairs, and the style of style is not limited. There are certain objections, although Wang Fuzhi also believes that natural subjects such as mathematics, physics, and astronomy are indeed useful to be useful in the people's livelihood, but after all, due to the traditional concepts, they still think that these natural subjects are not mainstream, but they are just branches. If the content of the imperial examination is the content here, it is a bit inappropriate.
In addition, the introduction of the scoring system is easy to cause partial image. Bi Jingquan is rare. Some people's articles are messy, but the scores of natural subjects are very high, and some people's articles are talented. There are all unshaps fairness.
However, Shang Yi proposed to open up the economy. Wang Fuzhi is quite novel, but he believes that it is very useful, because since the Tang Dynasty, the dynasties of the past have set up six criminals in the central government, and they are in charge of the national affairs. Shang Yi even divided it into twelve departments, and each department needed a lot of professionalism. In the Ming Dynasty, he had made a joke for the misunderstanding of the household department. Therefore It is difficult to meet the professional needs of various departments. Shang Yi suggested to open the Economic Department Department, which can make up for this defect, and it can indeed be able to do its best to use it.
Therefore, Wang Fuzhi believes that it is better to include mathematics, physics, and astronomy, which are included in the Economic Specialty, and the formal imperial examinations are still based on the test composition. Let go of the content and target current affairs.
However, Shang Yi insisted that natural science is the basis of any science. It is essentially the use of the world. Kuangshi Ji people's learning. Although it is not necessary to require everyone to become a fine material for professional technology, some basic nature Scientific common sense should still be mastered and say simpler. If a person will not basic mathematical knowledge, basic physical knowledge, common astronomical knowledge, etc., how to formulate useful policies for the country, so the introduction of a certain amount in the imperial examinations will be introduced in the imperial examinations. The topic of natural sciences is completely necessary. In addition, Shang Yi also knows that only by joining the content of natural subjects into the imperial examinations can the readers be forced to learn. Knowledge, at least at this stage, can be regarded as a progress.
However, Shang Yi also admits that Wang Fuzhi's consideration also makes sense. After all, the traditional habit is not easy to change at once. The imperial examination is to evaluate the scholars based on the excellence of the articles. After correcting your own ideas, you can divide the material into two parts, and separate the natural subjects and the articles. Natural subjects must be qualified. Evaluate according to the advantages and disadvantages of the article.
Seeing that Shang Yi has made a certain concession, Wang Fuzhi is not good at saying, and the arrangement like Shang Yi is not unreasonable. Although the imperial examination is based on the discussions of the articles, it is not just a test article. It will also take some other content. In the Tang and Song dynasties, they will also test poetry, posts, Mo Yi, etc., so add the content of natural science to the past.
Other members of the cabinet did not have much objection to this. Everyone knew that the current imperial examination system should indeed be changed, and everyone was very clear. With Shang Yi's style, since this one came out of such a copy, The plan indicates that he has done a good idea, so the imperial examination system is also indispensable. According to past experience, most of the solutions proposed by Shang Yi are proven to be very reasonable and effective. This is There is no exception at a time.
Of course, what Shang Yi just proposed was just a preliminary approximate plan, and it needs to be further deepened. Of course, the work of this part will not be done by Shang Yi. Instead, it is given to the Ministry of Education. Then there is a complete set of education, imperial examinations, and economic special schemes, and then give it to the cabinet for review. If necessary, you can also give it to the participating court to vote. After the Nanjing Zheng FU unified China, it will begin implementation.
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I accidentally banned myself in the book review area two days ago. After upgrading the management of book reviews, I did not know where to recover. Later, I asked the consultant MM to get it. I would like to thank the consultant MM Ledian Xiaoyu.