Now that the main things have been agreed upon, the rest can be easily solved. When building the arsenal, Yang Zhen insisted on more than doubling the factory area. [.Com text] This clearly gave people a feeling of waste.
This approach is showing its effect at this time. At least there is no need to delay the installation of machines and equipment because Beiman cannot carry out construction in winter.
Yang Zhen was eager to go to several districts to inspect the work. After talking about the agreement with Jiangbei, he obviously had spare money on hand for the establishment of a production and construction corps and the implementation of nine-year compulsory education in the base area, and he seemed a bit wealthy.
The commander-in-chief and Li Yanlu agreed without any consideration.
Although forming a production and construction corps seems a bit complicated at first, especially the immigration aspect, the benefits are obvious. Especially when sufficient preliminary preparations have been made, even the most difficult immigration work will not be done.
There were too many obstacles. Regarding this idea, Li Yanlu, who was mainly responsible for administrative work, expressed his full support on the spot.
Not only did they give priority to the deployment of local staff, they also agreed to import 16 tractors at a time in coordination with Jiangbei on the basis of the six French-made crawler tractors seized in Jiamusi and the 40-tael Soviet-made high-horsepower tractors that Yang Zhen had imported in advance.
The high-horsepower tractor was handed over to the Production and Construction Corps for use. He happily accepted Yang Zhen's invitation for the commander-in-chief and himself to concurrently serve as the first political commissar and first secretary of the Production and Construction Corps, and to serve as temporary commander.
As for the nine-year compulsory free compulsory education system, although the commander-in-chief and Li Yanlu felt a certain amount of pressure, mainly financial, of course, they greatly appreciated Yang Zhen's idea. Li Yanlu, in particular, praised him repeatedly.
Yang Zhen has a vision and sees far. He knows that education is the foundation of a century-old plan and education is the fundamental principle of the country. Although it will bring a certain amount of pressure, with Yang Zhen's financial ease, it is not a big problem that cannot be solved.
problem.
Li Yanlu not only appreciated Yang Zhen's idea, but also stated on the spot that he would give priority to allocating 50,000 rubles from the remaining part of the Jiangbei loan as start-up capital. The 100,000 counterfeit Manchu coins and 50,000 yen that Yang Zhen brought this time,
It will also be invested entirely at once. From now on, in addition to military needs, education funds will be allocated as a priority.
Li Yanlu's words of praise made Yang Zhen blush a little, and at the same time he gave a thumbs up in his heart. As the saying goes, the higher you stand, the farther you see. After all, he is the person who has overall control, and his vision is different. He can see it all at once.
In terms of ideas, if nothing else is said, just this mind and magnanimity alone are not something I can compare with.
It's just that the development afterwards made Yang Zhen, who was the boss and handed over the matter to the political commissar of the military region Li Yanping, a little unexpected. Especially the amount of energy invested by the commander-in-chief and Li Yanlu made Yang Zhen not think of it in advance.
. Except for the mathematics textbooks that still maintain the teaching materials used by the Puppet Manchukuo, with only appropriate additions and deletions, the Chinese textbooks were all compiled by the commander-in-chief and Li Yanlu who took time out of their busy schedules.
In addition to some basic enlightenment texts such as the Three-Character Classic and the Thousand-Character Classic, many selected excerpts from the works of central leaders specially flown in from Yan'an are included in the curriculum for upper primary school and junior high schools, such as the famous "Stars"
The essence of "Fire Can Start a Prairie Fire" has been selected as a high school-level textbook.
As for foreign language teaching, at Yang Zhen's insistence, the principle was adopted on a voluntary basis. In addition to retaining some Japanese courses, Russian and English majors were also opened.
It's just that in the base area, it's easy to find teachers for Russian majors. There are ready-made Belarusian teachers in Jiamusi City, but it is difficult to find English majors. In the end, the central government transferred a group of intellectuals who came to Yan'an to participate in the revolution, which alleviated the problem.
to overcome the shortage of foreign language teachers.
In order to ensure the quality of teaching and enable students to develop morally, intellectually, physically, artistically and physically in an all-round way, Yang Zhen also launched a conservation campaign in the army. Starting from himself, he called on every soldier to stipend every surplus and donate it to the school. In the school construction
After that, the money saved was used to equip each school with sports equipment and musical instruments specially imported from Jiangbei.
Yang Zhen was very enthusiastic, but due to different thinking, he did not think very long-term. He only considered the resumption of classes for primary and secondary school students, and ensured that no child would miss school due to family reasons. But for those who are currently
Students who are in high school or are about to graduate from high school have not considered their future options.
In this regard, Li Yanlu, as the first secretary of the Northeast Bureau, the commander-in-chief and the director of the Northeast Working Committee, had to consider the long term. After the capture of Jiamusi, in addition to maintaining the original Jiamusi Normal School and Medical College of the Puppet Manchuria,
Vocational schools will continue to open except for classes.
After careful discussion and arduous negotiations with Jiangbei, the two people obtained a quota for a certain number of international students each year who would be provided with partial scholarships by the other party. In addition to the children of martyrs of appropriate age, the Northeast Bureau will start from the end of the year, starting from each high school graduates.
One hundred and twenty students were selected from among the graduates to study abroad in Jiangbei.
However, although this resolution was made by the Northeast Bureau, when it was finalized, serious differences arose because Yang Zhen knew about it and interfered.
Jiangbei means that based on actual needs, these international students will be admitted to Moscow University, Minsk University, Kiev University, Leningrad Polytechnic Institute, and Stalingrad University after completing half a year of preparatory studies in a ratio of four to six in arts and sciences based on actual needs.
The College of Engineering studies liberal arts majors such as law, literature, and translation, as well as science majors such as chemistry and dynamics.
But Yang Zhen insisted not to go to any universities in Europe except the universities in Moscow and Sverdrovsk. He would either choose a nearby university in the Far East, or just these two places. He would not go to any other universities.
Yang Zhen's attitude not only confused Jiangbei, but even the commander-in-chief and Li Yanlu didn't understand what he meant.
Although Jiangbei has repeatedly explained that due to historical reasons, the teaching level of universities in Europe is generally higher than that in the Far East. And the recommended universities are famous comprehensive universities, such as Kiev University and Minsk University, as well as the Leningrad Institute of Technology in the Soviet Union.
It is a famous university in China and even in the world. But no matter how Jiangbei tried to persuade him, Yang Zhen remained unmoved.
Finally, after repeated discussions, Jiangbei finally agreed to open a group of study abroad classes for these students at Vladivostok Medical University, Irkutsk Polytechnic Institute, and Ural Kirov Polytechnic Institute. They will learn about medical treatments that are in short supply in the base area.
, metallurgy, mining, machine manufacturing, chemistry and other specialized talents.
This is the first time that two of these three universities are open to foreign students. In particular, Sverdrovsk, where the Ural Kirov Institute of Technology is located, strictly prohibits the entry of all foreigners.
Of course, Yang Zhen also gave some face to the European schools that Jiangbei strongly recommended, choosing the Moscow Institute of Finance and Economics and the Moscow Agricultural College to train ten students each, and the Moscow Aviation Institute to train forty students. As for Leninger recommended by Jiangbei
Yang Zhen did not choose any of the famous colleges such as the Le Polytechnic Institute and the University of Kiev that were located on the future main battlefield between the Soviet Union and Germany.
Not only was the school where he studied abroad personally selected by Yang Zhen, but also all the majors he studied were also personally selected by Yang Zhen. Regarding the majors recommended by the other party, such as Marxist-Leninist studies, language, literature, music and art, and even the legal major
They were all written off with the stroke of his pen.
In Yang Zhen's words, while the situation has not yet been alleviated and there is a severe shortage of professional and technical talents of all kinds, it is not a waste to learn Russian literature, opera, music and other things, as well as Marxist-Leninist thought.
Okay. If you want to study, don’t stay here with me. If you like it, go and study there.
Except for a few agriculture and medicine, all the courses he chose for these international students were metallurgy, chemistry, machine manufacturing, mining, power, aviation, finance, and even shipbuilding and railway professional courses that were not needed in the base area. Moreover,
Twenty of the best international students were also specially selected to study in the Department of Physics at Moscow State University, choosing to study atomic physics, which was just established in the Soviet Union and was still an unpopular course.
Not only did he personally select schools and majors for these international students, but he also more than doubled the original number of candidates from the original one hundred and twenty with a stroke of his pen.
The number of people was directly changed to 300 people. He also stated that if Jiangbei was not willing to provide scholarships for the extra 180 people, all their expenses during their stay in Jiangbei could be paid by the military region.
Moreover, after the first batch of international students completed their Russian language training at the end of that year, Yang Zhen also stated that the number of international students selected every year would double in the future. If Jiangbei is not willing to bear this cost, it can all be borne by the Chinese Communist Party, that is, the Northeast
The bureau is responsible for itself.
Four years later, Yang Zhen established the first comprehensive polytechnic university in the base area based on the first batch of overseas students who returned after completing their studies, except for a small number of students who continued their studies. This university Yang Zhen insisted on establishing
Jiamusi University of Science and Technology and Yang Zhen insisted on allocating the military region and changed the former Puppet Manchuria Jiamusi Medical College into the Jidong Military Region Military Medical College. Together, they provided a large number of urgently needed professionals after the founding of New China.
No matter how difficult the conditions were and how great the financial pressure was, the Northeast Bureau, under Yang Zhen's insistence, selected international students to study in Jiangbei every year as planned, and the number was increasing year by year. Even after the Soviet-German War broke out, Jiangbei was completely shut down
In order to provide scholarships for these international students, the Northeast Bureau still used 80% of the remaining financial balance to insist on selecting international students.
Not only that, after the outbreak of the Soviet-German War, Jiangbei was short of supplies and could no longer accept Chinese students. In order to obtain Jiangbei's consent to continue accepting international students, the Northeast Bureau even agreed to provide Jiangbei with 10,000 tons of meat products every year.
100,000 tons of grain and 300,000 tons of high-quality industrial coal as compensation.
It was Yang Zhen's persistence and hard work that made the commander-in-chief and Li Yanlu, who had already planned to withdraw the international students after the outbreak of the Soviet-German war, finally agree to this plan to exchange materials for international students, which was almost the limit of what the Northeast Bureau could bear.
For the sake of educational development, to use Yang Zhen’s words, don’t talk about being pawned as pants. Even if you sell the iron, you must grit your teeth and continue to provide.
If it weren't for the rapidly developing Production and Construction Corps, in addition to supplying its own needs, there would still be a considerable surplus in the grain produced every year. The 100,000 tons of wheat in this exchange plan would not be sold even if it were sold as trousers.
Even so, these 100,000 tons of wheat and 10,000 tons of livestock products account for almost 70% of the production and construction corps' average annual fine grain output, and more than half of the meat output, especially beef output.
Although the price paid to cultivate these high-level talents was huge, the Northeast Bureau and the Northeast Working Committee were completely bankrupt. But compared with the huge contributions made by these students from the Sanjiang area, at least in Yang Zhen's view, these
The price is worth it.
In the first few years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, among the various professional science and engineering colleges established to cultivate various specialized talents urgently needed for the construction of New China, students from Jiamusi University of Science and Technology accounted for a considerable proportion of the teachers. In some remote areas
Cold, even accounting for more than half of the mining, metallurgy, shipbuilding and other professions that were urgently needed after the founding of the People's Republic of China.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, leaders and founding prime ministers praised the Northeast Bureau in public more than once for its far-sightedness. Despite financial constraints and the rush of war, they still chose a large number of students to study in the Soviet Union. This far-sighted move laid a foundation for the construction of New China.
Solid talent foundation.
Of course, these are things that Yang Zhen has not thought of now. All he knows is that in the coming years, in the entire base area, education expenditure will be the third largest financial expenditure after military expenditure and military industry.
As the military can rely on the seizure and confiscation of Japanese and puppet assets in the liberated areas and secret smuggling activities to meet most of the funds it needs, and military investment is mainly carried out by the Jidong Military Region, education expenditure is actually the largest expenditure item.
Even a few years later, with the successive victories in the war and the arrival of some US aid, the economic situation of the Northeast Bureau was improving day by day. However, education funding still accounted for more than 30% of the entire expenditure.
After the full-scale outbreak in the Pacific, the US provided an annual aid of US$100 million. In addition to military expenditures and investment in the military industry, the remaining US$20 million not only subsidized the central part, but also half of the remaining funds.
Everything is invested in education.
From the selection of the first batch of students studying in the Soviet Union to the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, when the matter of studying abroad was handed over to the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, astronomical amounts of money were spent in the entire ten years in exchange for tens of thousands of highly educated professionals.
Among them, the number of people who returned from studying in the Soviet Union is as high as 20,000. These talents have laid the foundation for the establishment of post-industrialization in New China.
Not only that, with Yang Zhen's vigorous promotion, the Sanjiang area not only became the first area in the country to completely eliminate illiteracy for a long time after the founding of the People's Republic of China, but also has the highest average education level. It also has the highest proportion of college students among the average population.
area.
Until decades later, when the elders in Sanjiang area mentioned Yang Zhen, they still gave a thumbs up and said with emotion: "We can produce so many college students here, from old to young, there are no illiterate ones. It's all thanks to those years."
Commander Yang. Without him, our educational foundation here would not have been so good."
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