Therefore, in this short period of one year, the late Qing government successively signed the "British-German Foreign Money Contract", the "Sino-Russian Secret Treaty", and the Sino-Russian "Contract and Regulations for Jointly Organizing the Eastern Provincial Railway Company" with several major powers in the world.
The late 19th century was also the era of the rise of the German Empire, and the world's largest hegemon, Britain, was also gradually declining. As a leading global force, the British Empire did not successfully integrate the emerging Germany into its own international system. This may be because of the European system.
for some reason.
Especially in the late 19th century, as the British Empire gradually lost its economic advantages, its foreign policy also underwent many changes. It gradually adjusted its original foreign policy of glorious isolation and non-alignment in order to seek a new balance point.
, due to the complete breakdown of the peaceful relations between Britain and Germany in Africa in 1896, the hostility between the two sides broke out directly. Therefore, the fierce competition between Britain and Germany that was formed earlier due to overseas trade, colonies and navy.
Various conflicts have developed more rapidly since then.
In fact, in the eyes of the United Kingdom, it has long regarded Germany as its most dangerous opponent in the struggle for world hegemony. Therefore, the United Kingdom gradually adjusted its strategic deployment. On the one hand, it formed an alliance with the new force in the Far East, and on the other hand, it secretly cultivated Asian island countries with the United States.
Japan mainly wanted to use it to contain the Far East. At the same time, it also worked with the United States to prevent Tsarist Russia from continuing to expand in Asia. On the other hand, it began to get closer to France in Europe. Britain and France hoped to jointly deal with Germany's aggressive trend.
With the signing of an important treaty and the exchange of the "British-Russian Agreement", it marked the end of the process of reorganization of major European countries since the late 19th century. Due to the contradiction between Britain and Germany, it was far greater than the contradiction between Britain and France.
It was acute, especially Germany's manipulation of the Three Kingdoms Alliance and its preparations to dominate the European continent, which made neighboring France even more sleepless and foodless, and made the Tsarist Russian Empire on the side feel in danger. However, the contradiction between Britain and Russia has eased with the development of the objective situation.
, In addition, Britain and Germany could not unite, Germany and Russia could not form an alliance, and a continental alliance was out of the question.
The tense world situation on the European continent is, to a considerable extent, the result of Germany's comprehensive implementation of its world policy. Germany's world policy has caused three serious crises. Under this situation, any major country cannot
Direct participation in local wars in Europe will inevitably lead to the risk of a full-scale war.
Originally, before this, Germany wanted to bring about a war between Austria and Serbia. It hoped that there would be a war and would cover the Austrian side in the war. Germany believed in its military superiority in the army, so it intended to provoke a conflict with Russia and France.
Therefore, the German authorities bear a large part of the historical responsibility for the outbreak of all-out war, and their responsibility cannot be reduced just because Germany tried to prevent this catastrophe at the last moment.
For it was entirely due to the imminent British intervention in Germany that it exerted its influence over Vienna, and only through some belated and then withdrawn measures.
Germany's goal is to annex the northern regions of Belgium and France, and at the same time to economically plunder the iron ore there, and strategically to obtain a large channel into the Atlantic Ocean to clamp the throat of Britain, occupy Poland, the Baltic Sea coast and
Ukraine, through the Baghdad Railway, established a new colonial empire in Central Europe and the Near East, gradually turning South America into Germany's new sphere of influence. It also required Britain to surrender its entire fleet, and the Allied Powers to pay huge reparations.
Germany has long believed that it is the most prepared for war. It only takes two weeks for the German army to mobilize and can pass the strategic railway on the border. After secretly inspecting the military strength and combat capabilities of Britain and Russia, Germany believes that the equipment of the German army is
The training and training are unparalleled in the world, and the mobilization of the Russian army takes six weeks. France's military power is no match for Germany. In addition, after the naval battle in the Far East, Italy became increasingly separated from the Triple Alliance, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire was disintegrating.
If it continues, Germany will have no allies in the future, and Germany may even believe that war is imminent.
However, the Zanzibar issue broke out at that time. After a fatal blow in the Far East, Germany not only lost Tanzania, one of the three major regions in Africa, but the rest of Africa was also invaded by Britain, France, and Portugal.
This made the German group involuntarily furious, but while facing numerous enemies, the Germans suddenly came to their senses and did not immediately launch an action to retaliate against the Far East. Instead, they first started to defend against the major powers in Africa.
Because Germany knows that the strength that the Far East has in Asia at this time can definitely compete with several major powers, but it is not enough in Africa, so Germany is not in a hurry to settle accounts with the Far East. At the same time, the most important thing for Germany at the moment is to keep its own
Other territories in Africa must also stabilize Asia's balance and its own interests.
After the outbreak of the Anglo-German African Campaign, the British army initially only wanted to defeat its competing Germany in Africa through war in Africa, and at the same time defeat Germany's attempt to establish a new maritime hegemony. At the same time, it also wanted to win the war.
After that, all the German colonies in Africa were seized, and the rest was divided into Turkish lands, completely eradicating German influence in the Middle and Near East, thereby consolidating Britain's absolute dominance in Egypt.
The British authorities are also trying to use the Far East Group to contain Russia and France in Asia and weaken them together in their respective wars. It can be said that the British authorities are very satisfied with their plans and preparations, and believe that as long as this continues for a long time
, it will definitely be of great benefit to Britain itself.
Because Germany's production capacity has long been higher than that of Britain, and the military strength of the two countries' navies, if compared with future development, will become increasingly unfavorable to the British authorities. Therefore, the British government uses language to encourage the Far East to cooperate with France in Asia.
, Tsarist Russia strives for absolute interests in China, while maintaining a seemingly neutral posture in Asia, while secretly encouraging the United States to initiate some wars, and then shifting the responsibility for the war to the United States.
However, in the final analysis, the British authorities have only one purpose, which is to weaken all their enemies, and on the other hand, to defeat Germany, the mortal enemy of Europe. In short, regardless of the motives of the British authorities, the actions they choose have absolutely no effect on maintaining peace around the world.
Any help will instead encourage the Far East Group to launch offensives in Asia, indirectly provoking war in Asia.
Of course, who is Li Ningyu?
How could he obey the British authorities? How could he not see the good intentions of the British authorities?
However, he had already had the intention to expand in his heart, but he had to find some strong allies first, because at this time, the Far East Group could not yet launch a comprehensive battle with several deep-rooted powers in Asia at the same time, and
Although the UK has made it clear that it will not participate, moral support is not enough. So who will Li Ningyu choose next to be his temporary ally?
Tsarist Empire? No!
In the north of Asia, the Tsarist Empire had acquired too much land from the late Qing government. At this time, they themselves were too busy to manage it?
In addition, Li Ningyu will have to settle old accounts with Tsarist Russia in the Northeast and Outer Mongolia sooner or later, so the Tsarist Russian Empire is not the best choice, but does he have a better choice?
Obviously there are none, because Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy and other allies are all his enemies at this time. They either have new hatreds or old hatreds, so he has not many allies to choose from, but it is not impossible, such as the United States.
United States.
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