In the Battle of the Mediterranean, the Far East Navy achieved an unprecedented victory. The Italian Mediterranean Fleet and the Combined Fleet were completely wiped out. Italy fell from its position as a naval power overnight. Including auxiliary ships, the Italian Navy lost more than 20 ships.
10,000 tons, 8 battleships were sunk, 13 cruisers were sunk, 6 were detained, and only 4 escaped.
6,830 Italian naval officers and soldiers were killed and 2,217 captured. Another 1,862 people were detained in the Far East. 39 cargo ships were stopped and goods worth 13.5 million pounds were detained. However, the Far East achieved this result with only 13 ships.
The torpedo boat and a light cruiser were sunk, with a small cost of losing 717 officers and men.
The failure of the naval battle in the Far East caused Umberto I to completely lose all domestic support, and pushed the already very high revolutionary movement in Italy to a further climax. Although the Far East was victorious, its main naval ships in Africa were
All needed repairs, so the two sides signed the "Far East Mediterranean Peace Treaty" with the mediation of Britain, France and other countries. The peace treaty stipulated that Italy recognized the rights of the Far East in Somalia and would transfer the power of Villa to the Far East, Britain and France.
And compensation of 5 million pounds was paid to the Far East, and the Mediterranean War officially ended.
The Battle of the Mediterranean was one of the naval battles since mankind entered the age of steam and steel, but it had a profound and long-lasting impact on the development of naval academics in later generations. In this naval battle, the giant ship's cannon once again demonstrated its power, so shortly after the war ended,
As Britain and France launched another naval arms race, the outstanding application of naval tactics in the Far East in naval battles attracted particular attention, proving once again that "mobility, speed, and flexibility" are the soul of naval tactics.
Of course, the most important point is that the pig, Commander Benjie of the Italian Combined Fleet, gave the Far East Fleet a lot of opportunities in his command to expand the advantages of the Far East Fleet. However, this war led to the early outbreak of another war.
That was the Spanish-American War.
The war between the Far East and Italy in the Mediterranean completely brought forward the war launched by the United States to seize the Spanish territories of Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines. It was also the first imperialist war in which the great powers re-divided their colonies. Cuba and the Philippine Islands both had important economies.
Value, and is the strategic base for the United States to expand to South America and Asia respectively.
At this time, the emerging United States had strong economic and military potential and had established a relatively powerful navy. Spain had long declined, especially the armed struggles of the people of Cuba and the Philippines against Spanish colonial rule, which suppressed a large number of Spanish troops.
The Spanish military's suppression of Cuban rebels angered the United States and jeopardized U.S. economic interests in the region.
On February 5, 1898, the USS Maine, a warship sent by the United States to Cuba to protect overseas Chinese, exploded in the port of Havana. The United States used this incident as an excuse to immediately take military action against Spain. On the eve of the outbreak of the war, the Navy, which was in charge of the work of the US Navy,
Assistant Secretary Roosevelt immediately ordered Dewey, commander of the Asiatic Squadron, to lead the fleet to assemble in Hong Kong and be on standby. Dewey made careful preparations for combat.
On February 8, 1898, the U.S. Squadron entered Manila Bay. The next morning, the U.S. Asiatic Squadron discovered the Spanish Fleet and the Far Eastern Sea Fleet commanded by Montojo. The ratio of the number of U.S. and Spanish ships was 6:7, but suddenly appeared
The Far Southeast China Sea Fleet and the US ships are comparable in terms of total tonnage, speed and artillery, especially in terms of combat readiness training levels.
The advantage that the US military originally had was suddenly gone. Then the US military immediately submitted a protest to the Far East, demanding that the Far East withdraw the South China Sea Fleet immediately and not get involved in the issues between the United States and Spain. However, the Far East firmly refused. At the same time, the Far East Yellow Sea Fleet had already escorted the Far East.
Two field armies of 300,000 men were on their way to the Philippines.
The United States immediately joined forces with the United Kingdom and France to put pressure on the Far East, because at this time the Far East was discussing the land issue in Libya with Britain and France. Therefore, after several hours of negotiation, the Far East's resolute attitude made Britain and France very angry, and then in
With the secret permission of Britain and France, the U.S. Asiatic Fleet first launched an attack on the Spanish Fleet.
After several hours of fighting, the Spanish fleet in the Philippines was completely wiped out, with 1,381 casualties. Only 17 people in the US Asian fleet were injured. At the same time, the Philippine rebel army secretly operated by the United States took active actions and controlled the outskirts of Manila (there was still a Spanish fleet there).
garrison), and subsequently occupied many important islands and towns, and established a national government headed by Aquinas.
On the afternoon of February 8, the Far East announced the formation of a military alliance with Spain, and the South China Sea Fleet launched its first maritime attack on the U.S. Asian Fleet. Subsequently, the British and French joint fleets in the Asian region pulled anchor and headed for Manila Bay. The U.S., British and French fleets
The United Nations Navy fleet then blockaded the waters of Manila Bay.
On the morning of February 9, representatives from the Far East lodged strong protests with Britain and France, but they were rejected.
On the morning of February 10, when the Far East Yellow Sea Fleet escorted two field armies to the Philippines, they encountered the encirclement of the British and French combined fleets, but none of the three parties took the lead in firing.
On February 11, the U.S. Army landed in the Philippines with the support and escort of the Home Fleet, and at the same time used the Philippine Rebel Army to force the Spanish Army in Manila to surrender.
On February 22, after the abolition of Spanish colonial rule, the U.S. government reneged on its promise to support the independence of the Philippines and declared a military occupation of the Philippines. This aroused strong resistance from the Filipino people and Britain and France. Subsequently, Britain and France announced that they would no longer participate in the Spanish-American War.
, after that, the Far East Yellow Sea Fleet escorted two field armies to land in the Philippines. In the following three years, while the United States carried out brutal military suppression of the rebellious people in the Philippines, it also continuously sent troops from the mainland to the Philippines.
After landing, the two field armies in the Far East did not launch a large-scale counterattack, but slowly advanced from south to north. The Far Eastern Sea Fleet did not engage in the Spanish-American War, but only in the Philippine waters controlled by the Far East.
cruise.
At this time, the main battlefields of the Spanish-American War were Cuba and Puerto Rico. After the war, US Deputy Secretary of the Navy Roosevelt resigned from his position and formed the First Volunteer Cavalry Regiment to go to the Philippines to participate in the war. In the Caribbean, Spain was originally in Cuba, etc.
There are more than 200,000 troops stationed in the area.
Under the leadership of the Cuban rebels Baez, they have liberated a large area of land and created a favorable situation. After the outbreak of the Spanish-American War, the Spanish government also sent a Mediterranean fleet consisting of 6 warships to defend Puerto Rico. However, after entering the port of Santiago on March 19
, was attacked by seven warships of the U.S. North Atlantic Squadron. The U.S. military also asked the army to cooperate with the navy to annihilate the Spanish fleet in the harbor.
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