Chapter 462: The First United Nations Summit Sixteen
The early interruption of the morning meeting had no impact on Li Ningyu, who had been prepared for it. However, William II's brief and powerful speech in the afternoon prompted several fierce climaxes in the afternoon meeting. Among them, American representative Smith,
I was so angry that I almost left the venue because Wilhelm II actually said that after his assessment of the situation, he firmly supported and fully agreed with the abolition of extraterritoriality and all concessions in China.
Because according to the current domestic concessions of various countries, the United Kingdom ranks first, Germany second, and the United States third.
When William II first heard what he said, even Li Ningyu was a little shocked on the spot, not to mention that Western countries had already reached some consensus.
However, only the British King Edward VII among the countries seemed to have guessed something immediately. However, the British interests in China were too many. Since the first Opium War, the British authorities have obtained huge profits from China again and again.
In return, this makes them want to stop.
Among them, the "Sino-British Treaty of Nanjing" has 13 articles, the most important of which are (1) cession of Hong Kong Island; (2) compensation of 21 million silver dollars; (3) opening of five treaty ports; (4) agreement on export tariffs
.
On December 1, 1887, Portugal and the late Qing government signed the "Draft Agreement of the Sino-Portuguese Conference" and the "Sino-Portuguese Peace and Trade Treaty", and Portugal occupied Macau through formal diplomatic documents.
In addition, the "Beijing Treaty" between China and Britain and China and France ceded Kowloon to the United Kingdom, indemnifying Britain and France for military expenses of 8 million taels each, and providing a pension of 500,000 taels to the United Kingdom and 200,000 taels to France. It is precisely because of these unequal terms that the sovereignty has been undermined.
With further destruction, domestic society was completely reduced to a semi-colonial state.
When such a special situation emerged, all representatives from various countries present became nervous, because this would turn a meeting originally intended to address the situation in Asia into a general mobilization before war.
After fully understanding what William II meant, Li Ningyu's black eyes, which were closed and focused, suddenly opened. After emitting a stream of light, he sat up straight, and then picked up his pen and started writing. At this time
No one could see it, and no one knew what Li Ningyu was writing, but there was no need to guess that it must be about that matter. Finally, when the host of the meeting announced that Li Ningyu of the Far East Group had something to say, the venue gradually became quiet.
Steadily walking towards the podium, Li Ningyu began an impromptu speech: "Hello everyone, as we all know, concession! This term began to appear in 1860 and refers to a clear area. Within the designated area, foreign residents can exercise their rights independently.
Independent and complete administrative and judicial systems, the Asian concession system in the East was first established based on the Shanghai concession and began to influence concessions in other countries!"
"However, the biggest difference between a concession and a leased land is that its most important feature is its internal autonomous management structure. Instead of the leasing country sending a governor for military management, it establishes a municipal-level administrative agency, the Ministry of Industry Bureau! The main coordination
Manage municipal administration, taxation, police, public works, transportation, health, public utilities, education, publicity, etc., and have the dual functions of Western city councils and city halls!"
When Li Ningyu said this, he stopped, as if giving everyone present time to absorb it. However, the representatives from various countries still couldn't understand what kind of attitude Li Ningyu wanted to express about the Far East Group, so they could only continue to listen patiently.
"So the nature of the concession and the leased land, as well as the ceded territory, are different. In a certain sense, the concession still belongs to the leasing country, and it does not have the attribute of extraterritoriality. However, through the current concession management of various countries in China
Judging from the situation, the countries using the concessions directly obtain the consular jurisdiction of their citizens through unequal treaties!"
As soon as Li Ningyu said these words, the representatives from various countries present could not help but face the situation seriously. Representatives from other countries also paid attention to the subsequent developments of the situation with a theatrical perspective.
"Thus, the administrative autonomy of the concession limits the concession country's exercise of administrative power in its area. Some countries even have their own legislative authority in the concession in China. I want to say that this approach is wrong and must be
Correction immediately, because the territorial sovereignty of the concession still belongs to all countries, and the concession cannot be regarded as foreign territory. Although all countries generally will not easily interfere in the internal affairs of the concession, it does not mean that they do not have their own rights!"
"And the concessions of some countries have their own independent military and police systems. Therefore, it is difficult for all countries to carry out necessary judicial activities in the concessions. At the same time, it also makes it difficult for all countries to extradite criminals from the concessions. That is why
Because of this characteristic, concessions in various countries often become the best refuge for some people!"
Speaking of this, Li Ningyu deliberately looked at the American Minister Smith, because there had been a Beiyang warlord wanted by the Far East Army who had taken refuge in the American concession.
But Li Ningyu did not dwell on this issue, but continued: "But the embassies of various countries in Beijing are also different from the concessions, because the concessions allow foreigners, not just diplomats, to stay in a designated area.
, carry out any activities that do not violate the law. In other words, the concession is a place of residence! And the embassy is an office area for diplomats!”
"Mr. Li, what do you want to say?" American Minister Smith asked impatiently, seemingly dissatisfied with Li Ningyu's deliberate look at him just now.
But for such a small role, Li Ningyu ignored him at all, but continued: "Currently, concessions exist in Asia, mainly along the coast, along rivers and other treaty ports or in cities that facilitate trade activities, that is, where foreign capitalism can
Because of the prominent characteristics of the concession, many foreigners are willing to invest in factories or engage in trade activities in the concession. In addition, churches have been established for missionary work, and schools, hospitals and other ancillary facilities with their own characteristics have been opened."
"Therefore, within the concessions of various countries, whether in terms of economic and cultural prosperity or living standards, there are areas that are much higher than those around them, and they have gradually become a natural commercial center of the city, and some cities have even used concessions as a
As the center slowly expands outward, many cities have left behind
Different from domestic traditional culture, it has strong foreign characteristics of architecture! At the same time, it has become a driving force for the development of some related industries in a city. Under the influence of various factors, these have added development advantages to a city! However, behind these many benefits
, but there is a fundamental problem that has not been solved!”
After hearing Li Ningyu's fair, just and respectable words, representatives from various countries gradually had an illusion. But as Li Ningyu's words became more serious, everyone couldn't help but tense up because Li Ningyu had already started talking about the rental industry.
Danger to all countries.
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