The Type 95 automatic rifle (QBZ-95, QBZ is the category code derived from the pinyin of "gun-rifle-automatic") is an assault rifle developed by the 208 Research Institute of China Ordnance Equipment Group Corporation. The main designer is Duoying, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.
Xian, part of the Type 95 gun family, is one of the current standard automatic rifles of the People's Liberation Army of China. It is the second small-caliber rifle developed in China and the first small-caliber automatic rifle of the People's Liberation Army to be fielded on a large scale.
Overview
The Type 95 automatic rifle put forward development index requirements in 1989, and was designed and finalized in 1995, named Type 95 5.8mm caliber automatic rifle (referred to as QBZ95, Q-light weapon, B-rifle, Z-automatic, designed and finalized in 1995-95)
The gun first appeared in 1997 as a weapon for the Hong Kong Garrison and Special Forces of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. Now it is basically equipped with the troops. It has become China's new generation standard automatic rifle. It is the first large-scale automatic rifle for the Chinese People's Liberation Army and the Armed Police Force.
A small-caliber automatic rifle used by large-scale troops.
The Type 95 automatic rifle is a bullpup structure rifle with a gas-operated automatic mode. The automatic machine adopts a short-stroke gas-operated piston and a rotary locking head. It can shoot single or continuous rounds. It has a 30-round plastic magazine for ammunition. Mechanical aiming
It has an aperture-type rear sight. It is equipped with a muzzle device that reduces noise and flames. The exterior materials use a large amount of engineering plastics.
The recoil of the 5.8mm bullet is small, the power characteristics of the whole gun are stable, the overall layout is reasonable, the vibration of holding the gun is very small when shooting, single and point accuracy have reached a high level. The mechanism action is reliable.
The Type 95 automatic rifle can be equipped with a 35mm caliber grenade launcher that can be quickly detached; it is equipped with a white light sight and a low-light sight. The low-light sight can accurately aim at vivid targets within 200 meters under low light conditions at night. Equipped with
Multifunctional bayonet can be quickly attached and removed.
The Type 95 automatic rifle and the QBB95 5.8mm squad machine gun (referred to as the Type 95 squad machine gun) form the Type 95 gun family. Later, the short barrel QBZ95B short assault rifle was added. These three weapons are generally referred to as the Type 95 gun family.
The QBZ97 automatic rifle is the export version of the QBZ95 automatic rifle. Its caliber is 5.56 mm standard in Western countries. It mainly fires SS109 rifle ammunition.
The development index requires that the total weight of the automatic rifle is less than 3.5kg and the machine gun is less than 4.4kg. After initial design, it is difficult to achieve the index by maintaining high commonality of parts. Starting from the system, it is necessary to increase the weight reduction and choose to design the basic gun and rifle as the optimized core body.
, controlled at 3.2kg, and the machine gun correspondingly controlled at 4kg, only then can the entire system and each product within the system reach the indicators and maintain an advanced level. The indicators require that the total gun length of the automatic rifle should not be greater than 760mm (barrel length 440mm), and the machine gun should not be larger than
840mm (barrel length 520mm). After initial design, while maintaining the commonality of parts, the index of the machine gun is the most important. Therefore, the squad machine gun is selected as the optimized core body over the entire gun length, and the optimization index is set to 840mm.
The full gun length is closely related to the barrel length, and directly affects the power level of the product. Therefore, when optimizing the full gun length, the selected barrel length must be used as a boundary condition. When the full gun length of the system reaches the target, the power must be optimized.
Advanced performance is the difficulty of this coordination. The automatic components of the Type 95 gun family are completely common, and the proportion of common parts between rifles and squad machine guns is very beneficial to production and maintenance. The steel parts are made of chemical composite film-forming black
Phosphating treatment, aluminum alloy parts are hard anodized, and the upper and lower handguards and upper receiver are made of engineering plastics. When the Type 95 gun family passed the reliability test at the national shooting range, the automatic rifle failure rate was 0.4~
Between 0.6‰ and squad machine gun around 0.1‰.
Structural features
Overview
The Type 95 automatic rifle consists of 11 parts such as barrel, gas guide, cover, bolt, recoil spring, firing mechanism, butt, receiver and magazine, aiming device, bayonet, and a set of accessories.
inside the barrel
The bore in the barrel of the Type 95 automatic rifle is divided into a cartridge and a rifling. The bore of the barrel is precision forged and chrome-plated. The cartridge is used to accommodate bullets, and the rifling enables the warhead to rotate when advancing to maintain
Flight stability. The muzzle device is used to reduce the muzzle jump and flame when firing, and can be used as a grenade launcher and bayonet connector.
structure
The protective cover consists of an upper protective cover and a lower protective cover. The upper protective cover has a handle for carrying the gun forward. The lower protective cover has a grip, a trigger guard, a small grip, a cover lock hole, and a hanging lever.
It is mainly used for handling weapons and shooting. There is an accessory barrel nest inside the grip, which is used to accommodate the accessory barrel. The small grip at the front has a ventilation hole for timely heat dissipation and cooling of the barrel.
air guide device
It consists of a gas regulator, a piston and a piston spring. The gas regulator is used to adjust the size of the gunpowder gas. The numbers marked "0", "1", and "2" represent the position of the air closure, small hole, and large hole respectively. It is usually installed
Set it to "1", and set it to "2" when the weapon is too dirty and there is no time to wipe it or when shooting in severe cold conditions. When launching a grenade, it must be turned to the "0" position to prevent damage to the moving parts and piston in the gun.
It is used to withstand the pressure of gunpowder gas and push the bolt backward. The piston spring is used to return the piston to its original position.
bolt action
It consists of a body and a machine head, which are used for feeding bullets, locking, firing and ejecting the case, and can make the hammer rearward into a ready state. There are round holes and guide slots on the body to accommodate the machine head and guide the machine.
The head rotates for locking and unlocking. The body also has a release protrusion, a machine handle and a recoil spring nest. The firing pin is used to hit the primer of the bullet; the shell hook is used to grab the shell (or bullet) from the chamber.
Guide shoot, bullet feeding protrusion, opening and locking protrusion, guide groove and bottom nest. The machine head has three locking protrusions. The connection between the machine head and the bolt frame is carried out by a cylinder. There is a connection on this cylinder.
The opening and closing lock of the body and the driving bulge for forward and backward movement. The opening and closing locking surface is designed at the top of the bulge, and the recoil driving surface is designed at the root of the bulge.
recoil spring
Its function is to store part of the recoil energy of the bolt and bolt frame, so as to provide the bolt and bolt frame with the necessary energy to move forward and complete pushing, grabbing, locking, and releasing the safety safety.
firing mechanism
It consists of a trigger, trigger rod, sear lever, firing sear, single-shot sear, safety catch, release lever, speed reducer, hammer, hammer spring, hammer spring guide rod, top and firing machine base.
Used to control cocking, firing and safety. "0", "1", and "2" on the speed machine are the safety, single-shot and continuous-shot positions respectively.
receiver
It is used to accommodate the bolt, fix the speed switch and the magazine. There is a magazine catch and a magazine coupling port on the outside of the receiver, which are used to combine the magazine or drum; there is a locking slot inside the receiver to ensure that the bolt locks the gun.
Bore; pluck the bullet to pull out the bullet casing (or bullet).
gun butt
It is used to ensure that the inside of the receiver is free of dirt and is easy to operate. There is an ejection (or bullet) port on the right side of the butt. There is a lever buffer in the butt and a variable stiffness support plate at the rear end to form a double buffer mechanism, which can reduce the movement of the machine.
Impact when the piece recoils.
Feed ammunition
The Type 95 automatic rifle generally uses magazines to feed ammunition, and drums can also be used to feed ammunition when necessary. It can implement short burst firing (2 to 5 rounds), long burst firing (6 to 10 rounds) and single shot firing. When burst firing
The rate of fire is 100 rounds per minute, and the rate of fire for a single shot is 40 rounds per minute. The barrel life is 10,000 rounds. Each Type 95 automatic rifle is equipped with 5 magazines. The magazine consists of a magazine body and a holder.
It is composed of plate, supporting leaf spring, clamping plate and magazine cover, which is used to accommodate and support the bullets. There are three observation holes at the rear end of the magazine body, which are aligned with the bottom edges of the 10th, 20th and 30th rounds respectively.
Used to observe the remaining amount of bullets.
appendix
It is used to disassemble and combine, wipe and oil, carry and troubleshoot. The accessories include the purge head, purge connecting rod (7 pieces), gun, gun rod, sight wrench, oil brush, oil can, strap and magazine bag.
When in use, twist the purge connecting rod with the purge head or oil brush to clean the gun barrel and apply oil; the gun is used to remove the firing pin pin, shell hook shaft, etc.; the front sight wrench is used to
When calibrating the gun, adjust the height of the sight; use the gun to clear the gunpowder residue from the air hole of the barrel.
After the trigger is pulled, the trigger rod pulls down the firing sear, and the hammer moves forward to strike the firing pin. The firing pin strikes the primer of the cartridge, ignites the propellant, generates gunpowder gas, and pushes the warhead forward along the rifling; when the warhead passes through the air guide hole, part of the
The gunpowder gas flows through the gas guide hole, pours into the gas guide, impacts the piston, pushes the bolt backward, compresses the recoil spring, completes unlocking, ejects the case, and makes the hammer move backward to the ready state; when the bolt retreats to the rearmost position
At this time, due to the expansion of the recoil spring, the bolt moves forward, pushing the next bullet into the chamber and locking it. At this time, if the selector is set in the continuous firing position and the trigger is not released, the firing iron cannot block the firing
hammer, the hammer hits the firing pin again to form a burst; if the speed switch is set to the single-shot position, the hammer is stuck by the single-shot sear and cannot move forward. If you want to fire again, you must release the trigger and then pull it; if the speed switch is set to
In the safe position, the speed and slow crankshafts are blocked, and the firing sear prevents it from rotating, making it the safe state; when the hammer is in the rear (i.e., cocked state), when the safety is in place, the trigger cannot be pulled, and firing cannot occur; when the hammer is in the front (i.e., in the cocked state), the trigger cannot be pulled;
When the hammer is in the firing state (safety), the movable parts cannot press the hammer backward to cock.
The sighting devices of the Type 95 gun family include traditional mechanical, simple night sights, white light sights and second-generation low-light sights that can be installed. There is an aperture-type rear sight on the rear sight, marked with 1, 3, and 5.
There are two words, indicating 100m, 300m and 500m respectively. The fluorescent points on the rear sight and the fluorescent points on both sides of the front sight form a simple night sight device. The front sight consists of four parts: the front sight constellation, the front sight connecting seat, the front sight retainer and the front sight.
It can be screwed up or down, and the front sight connecting seat can be moved left and right. There is a engraved line on the front sight connecting seat and the front sight constellation to check whether the position of the front sight is correct. The sight holder is used to install white light and low-light sights.
The white light sight has a magnification of 3 times and is used for precise aiming of long-distance targets. The white light sight is used for aiming and shooting at targets within 600m (when equipped with an automatic rifle) or within 800m (when equipped with a squad machine gun).
Battlefield observation. When the target width is 0.5m, the target distance can be roughly measured. The white light sight is mainly composed of the objective lens group, the reticle adjustment mechanism, the eyepiece group, the eyecup, the lighting mechanism and the locking mechanism that cooperates with the gun.
The low-light sight also has a magnification of 3 times, which can accurately aim at vivid targets within 200 meters under low-light conditions at night. Both sights are commonly used for automatic rifles and squad machine guns, and can be quickly attached and detached from the gun body.
The low-light sight is a lightweight passive night sighting equipment that can effectively carry out precise aiming at night; observe and discover the position of infrared light sources or other light sources used by the enemy. Under the conditions of a moonless starry sky, medium contrast, and an opaque background
, can identify people standing at 200m. The low-light sight is mainly composed of a scope, an imaging system, a reticle adjustment mechanism, a low-temperature external battery and a cover. The bayonet (dagger) is used to assassinate the enemy, and can also be used as a fighting dagger and
For field tools.
The multifunctional bayonet consists of a bayonet and a scabbard. The bayonet has a scissor part, a scissor shaft hole, a filing part, a ring, a handle seat, a chopping part and a sawing part; the scabbard has a hanging strap, a buckle, a grinding part, and a grinding part.
Knife stone, flat screwdriver, scissor base and shaft. (Note: If you need to use a bayonet to kill the enemy in battle, the bayonet should be mounted on the gun. The key points are: insert the knife ring into the front end of the mouthpiece device of the gun, the handle of the knife
Align the T-shaped groove of the bayonet holder with the T-shaped protrusion of the bayonet holder on the gun, and pull it back to the position. When removing the bayonet, hold the protective cover with your left hand, and press the left and right protrusions of the handle (with straight lines) with your right hand, and then
Pull the bayonet toward the muzzle, put it into the scabbard, and hang it on your belt). The multi-purpose bayonet combines the functions of chopping, shearing, filing, bottle opening, and knife sharpening. It can be used for automatic rifles,
It can also be used for squad machine guns. The 95-type gun family fires 5.8mm ordinary bullet series. If necessary, it can also fire 5.8mm machine gun bullet series. The machine gun can also fire live ammunition muzzle grenades with standard interface size (Ф22x125mm), and can also be installed.
A quick-detachable 35mm caliber under-mounted grenade launcher. The Type 95 automatic rifle has a fast rate of fire, high power, and a long range. Its performance has far exceeded that of the Type 81 automatic rifle.