The Type 92 pistol was developed to replace the original Type 54 pistol. The QSZ92 semi-automatic pistol is available in two calibers: 5.8mm and 9mm. The performance of the Type 92 pistol has been greatly improved compared to the past, with special emphasis on ergonomic design.
Compared with similar foreign pistols, although there is still a gap in craftsmanship and lifespan of this gun, it fits the hand shape of Chinese people very well.
R&D history
The QSZ92 semi-automatic pistol system (commonly referred to as the Type 92 pistol) was developed to replace the originally equipped Type 54 pistol (imitation of the Soviet TT33).
The demonstration began in 1987, and the project was formally established in 1994 and handed over to the industrial sector for development. The design and finalization of the 9mm pistol and its bullets was completed in 1998, and the design and finalization of the 5.8mm pistol and its bullets was completed in 2000.
In addition to some technical indicators, the development requirements for new pistol systems put forward by users (military) also have some requirements that are difficult to qualitatively or quantitatively. For example, they require Chinese characteristics and require extensive use of new materials, new processes, new structures and innovations.
In short, we want a new pistol that can look very different from famous foreign guns at first glance, and break away from the previous Soviet-style chrome stamping.
Caliber selection
When demonstrating the selection of pistol caliber, there are always different opinions on which caliber should be used. One opinion insists on unifying the caliber of foreign pistols and advocates the use of 9×19mmPara caliber. This opinion accounts for 17 of the people whose opinions were solicited.
%, the reason is: Most foreign military pistols use 9mm caliber, and 9×19mm bullets use lead core bullets, which have sufficient lethality to personnel and good stopping effect, but poor armor-piercing performance. In order to meet the requirements of our army for armor-piercing pistol bullets
For performance requirements, steel core bullets can be used. The outer dimensions and internal ballistics are the same as Para pistol bullets. The new pistol can use both newly developed steel core bullets and Para lead core pistol bullets, which is beneficial to combat use and foreign trade exports.
Another opinion insists on using small-caliber pistols, accounting for 63% of the people who were consulted. The reason is: using small-caliber, small-mass, high-muzzle-velocity warheads to increase the lethality is a development trend of modern individual weapons.
Steel core bullets with small diameter, small mass, high muzzle velocity and large aspect ratio are easy to lose stability after entering the human body, causing yaw and roll, creating a large cavity, which has a greater lethal effect on the human body, and the quenched steel core
It also has good armor-piercing performance. In addition, due to the small mass and small size of small-caliber bullets, it can increase the amount of ammunition carried, reduce the load on soldiers, and improve combat effectiveness.
After demonstration and research, the two caliber options each have their own sufficient reasons and it is difficult to choose. Therefore, the demonstration department proposed that the 9mm pistol be equipped for officers below the battalion, and the 5.8mm pistol be equipped for officers above the regiment. As a new pistol series, they will be developed simultaneously.
Development process
Type 92 Craft Pistol (8 photos) In fact, the tactical and technical indicators of these two caliber pistols are basically similar, and both are based on the requirements for use of military self-defense combat pistols. When developing the 5.8mm pistol, the developers initially followed the tactical and technical indicator requirements.
The design plan has a total gun length of 190mm. During the review of the design plan, experts and military users felt that as a self-defense pistol for officers above the equipment regiment, it was too large and suggested shortening the total gun length. In March 1995, a test was conducted at the gun and ammunition factory, and the
The barrel of the ballistic gun was reduced from 110mm to 90mm, and the accuracy and power of the bullet were basically equivalent to that of a 110mm long barrel. So the design of a short barrel plan was started, with the total gun length being 170mm. By February 1996, the short barrel plan was completed.
Two rounds of design, trial production and testing failed to achieve the ideal results, with hand shaking, muzzle flash and loud noise when shooting. In March 1996, the original tactical and technical specifications were returned to the long barrel design until the design was finalized.
The demonstration and development work of the Type 92 pistol series are carried out at the same time. Since the 9mm pistol requires the use of both new bullets and 9mm Para bullets, Para bullets are directly used for testing before the new bullets are developed, so the development of the 9mm pistol is progressing quickly.
The development team selected 5 designs from more than a dozen designs for expert review. After expert review, two of the 5 design plans (Type 9A and Type 9-Ⅱ) were selected for further trial production and testing.
, and then optimized into a plan. Through multiple optimized designs, trial production and tests in the past five years, the design of the 9mm pistol was completed.
When the two-caliber pistol system was first developed, researchers had proposed the idea: in order to simplify the process, simplify the structure, reduce costs, facilitate mass production and speed up the development progress, the two-caliber pistols used the same structural plan. But at that time, this design
The idea was not generally accepted, so design plans were collected among scientific researchers, compared, and optimized designs were carried out. The 5.8mm pistol also has 5 design plans: barrel rotation locking, barrel follow-up locking, and two barrel lifting locks.
Intermediate block locking. After processing, trial production and testing of 5 design plans, and after expert review, it was decided to adopt the free bolt inertia locking method with a fixed barrel. Hammer rotary firing mechanism, double-row double-feed magazine, aluminum alloy bottom
The handle, U-shaped plastic guard, and recoil spring are placed under the barrel.
From March 1995 to February 1996, the 5.8mm pistol carried out two rounds of trial production and testing of the short barrel design, but the ideal results were not achieved. In March 1996, the design team redesigned the 5.8mm pistol based on the requirement of "maintaining the original specifications".
The prototype gun was designed to solve technical problems such as case extraction and ammunition supply, but the hand shaking phenomenon was serious when shooting. Since the 9mm pistol has passed a large number of tests, its structure is relatively mature, especially the use of elastic transmitter brackets and firing mechanisms, which absorb the
The slide has high recoil energy, does not shake the hand, is comfortable to hold, and feels good in the hand. The final decision: the 5.8mm pistol adopts the technical achievements of the 9mm pistol. The main components of the two caliber pistols are common. The new solution of the 5.8mm pistol uses a barrel-rotating semi-free bolt action.
Principle. Through experiments, the problem of shooting hand shock has been fundamentally solved. According to the user department, the recoil of the 5.8mm pistol is very small when shooting, which is more comfortable and more accurate than the 9mm pistol.
Structural properties
The two pistols in the Type 92 pistol series are very similar in appearance. The only difference is that the 9mm pistol has a five-pointed star on the grip, while the 5.8mm pistol does not. There is a non-slip depression in front of the trigger guard of the 9mm pistol, while the trigger guard of the 5.8mm pistol
The appearance has a smooth transition. The internal structure is also basically the same, consisting of a sleeve, a frame, a firing mechanism, a magazine and a barrel, a barrel sleeve, a connecting seat, a recoil spring, a recoil spring guide rod and a cocking handle; the number of parts
They are all the same, with 41 types and 43 pieces, including 16 types and 18 pieces of common parts for the firing mechanism, with exactly the same shape and size. Uncommon parts include the barrel, base, connecting base and magazine. In addition, the automatic mode is also different, 9mm
The pistol has a short-barrel recoil type, like most automatic pistols of 9mm Para caliber; the 5.8mm pistol has a semi-free bolt action. Therefore, some parts of the 5.8mm pistol look simpler than the 9mm pistol, for example, the barrel of the 9mm pistol
There are locking protrusions and guide protrusions, while the barrel of the 5.8mm pistol only has guide protrusions.
The transmitter base is stamped from high-quality thin steel plates and has good elasticity, which can slow down the impact of the sleeve when it is seated back to a certain extent. It not only combines all the parts of the launch mechanism, but also has an ejection shell on the upper part.
The front guide rail is longer and equipped with a connecting seat. The rear guide rail is shorter. The front and rear guide rails jointly guide the movement of the sleeve. In order to improve the reliability in harsh environments, technicians set up a sand-containing groove on the transmitter base.
, Sand discharge slot. The firing mode is single/double action, so when the gun is released and ready to fire, it can be fired immediately as long as there is a bullet in the chamber.
The safety mechanism includes the firing pin safety and the under-position safety. The firing pin safety shaft locks the firing pin. As long as the trigger is not pulled, no matter what kind of accident occurs, the firing pin cannot move forward. The out-of-place safety guarantees the safety of each bullet.
Launching must be carried out after the sleeve is retracted and locked in place, otherwise it will not be launched even if the trigger is pulled. The manual safety handle is installed on the transmitter base, one on each side, and can be operated with one hand. The safety handle is placed on
In the safety position, the hammer and slide can be locked at the same time. At this time, the hammer cannot be pressed and the trigger cannot be pulled. The safety handle also has a cocking release function, which can directly switch the entire gun from the cocking state to the safety state.
state, during the conversion, the hammer will reset under the action of its spring force, but the firing pin will never hit, ensuring safe use.
New materials and new processes are used in the production of the Type 92 pistol. For example, the overall grip structure of engineering plastics with good thermoplasticity and high strength is used to replace the traditional metal gun base. The processing technology is simple, injection molding is one-time molding, and the consistency and economy are good;
The transmitter base adopts stamping technology, which is highly efficient; it uses chemical composite film-forming technology for surface treatment to improve corrosion resistance.
The integral base handle is the base of the entire gun, which is equipped with the transmitter assembly, magazine assembly, magazine buckle and magazine spring. The positioning surface set at the tail of the base handle and the hanger handle installed above the retainer can launch the gun.
The machine components are firmly positioned in the base of the gun. It is comfortable to hold, has a good hand feel, and conforms to Chinese ergonomics, which solves the problem of freezing hands during use in severe winter seasons. The magazine buckle can be replaced in the installation direction as needed, making it suitable for left-handed operators.
Provides convenience.
The Type 92 pistol uses a flake front sight and a notched rear sight. Both the rear sight and the front sight are coated with fluorescent dots to facilitate aiming and shooting at night. It can be found from the published pictures that the position of the front sight has changed. When the design was finalized,
The front sight is located on the muzzle cap, while the current production model is changed to the front end of the slide. In addition, there are grooves on both sides of the front end of the frame, where a laser pointer can be installed to improve the ability to shoot quickly.
The QSZ92-type 9mm semi-automatic pistol uses DAP92-type 9mm hard steel-core ordinary bullets with a specification of 9×19mm. The caliber is in line with international standards and can be used with foreign 9mm "Balabellum" pistol bullets),
The bullet has low shooting density (at a distance of 25 meters, 20 projectiles are fired, and the radius of the dispersion circle does not exceed 60 mm) and strong penetrating power (at a distance of 50 meters, after penetrating a 1.3 mm thick helmet steel plate,
It can still penetrate 50 mm thick pine boards, while other pistol bullets cannot penetrate steel plates) and other characteristics. The difference from the 9 mm "Barabellum" pistol bullet is that the DAP92-type ordinary bullet has a fixed fire platform, while
Parabellum pistol bullets are live fire stations.
QSZ 9mm automatic pistol
The QSZ92 5.8mm semi-automatic pistol uses the DAP92 5.8mm pistol bullet. The bullet is a pointed, arc-shaped and steel core lead pillar composite structure. The specification is 5.8×21mm. The total bullet length is 33.5mm. The bottom edge diameter is 8mm.
The mass of the whole bullet is 6 grams. The muzzle velocity (V.) of the warhead is 470~490m/s, and the average maximum chamber pressure is 220MPa. The shooting density R50 at 25m is not greater than 2.2cm, and the R100 is not greater than 5.5cm. At 50m
After penetrating the 1.3mm thick 232 helmet steel plate, it can still penetrate the 50mm thick pine board.
Firearms Review
Compared with foreign pistols such as the Beretta 92/96 series and Glock series, the ergonomic design of the domestic Type 92 pistol is obviously more in line with the Chinese hand shape. For example, the grip of the Beretta 92 pistol is obvious to me.
Although it is larger, it can be held firmly, but when removing the magazine, the palm position must be moved slightly to allow the thumb to reach the magazine catch. Although the grip of the Glock pistol has good directivity, the author and
Several friends have experienced it and they all feel that the muzzle of the gun is slightly upward when the hand is straightened. Perhaps the "good directivity" of the Glock pistol is aimed at foreigners. The domestic Type 92 pistol feels very comfortable to hold, and the magazine buckle is
The blank cocking handle, manual safety handle and other parts are also very fast to operate and have good directivity. In addition, it has the decocking function and the ability of double-action firing. Although the domestic Type 92 pistol is inferior to foreign famous guns in terms of craftsmanship and lifespan
There are differences in other aspects, but it is a combat pistol that is very suitable for Chinese people to use.
Technical Parameters
9×19mm type 5.8×21mm type
Full gun length 190mm188mm
Full gun width 35mm35mm
Full gun height 135mm131mm
Total gun weight (including empty magazine) 0.76kg0.76kg