Six hundred and thirty third chapter checks and balances
It was not until the spring of the eleventh year of Datong that Wu Dong returned to Yanjing City.www:Read the novel
From the first day he returned to Yanjing City, Wu Dong devoted himself to presiding over the reform of the Consultative Bureau.
In March, the Consultative Council passed the "Bill of Rights". This bill of rights officially gave the Consultative Council legislative power, financial approval power, and administrative supervision power. In addition, the Consultative Council can decide the successor to the throne! After possessing these many rights,
, the current Liangshan Consultative Bureau has fully possessed all the rights of future national parliaments.
In May, the Consultative Bureau passed the Member Election Bill, which implements direct elections for members at state and county levels, while members of the provinces and the National Consultative Bureau implement an indirect election system.
Although the electoral system has been determined, it will take a long time for it to be truly implemented and perfected! Fortunately, Wu Dong is now the chairman of the National Consultative Bureau and has plenty of time and energy to deal with these matters.
Many officials in the Central Province are discussing the reform of the Consultative Bureau. In the past dynasties, there has never been an institution like the Consultative Bureau in China, and the power of the Consultative Bureau is now too big and unbelievable!
During the Dragon Boat Festival, Zhu Wu came to visit Wu Dong and said, "Your Majesty, the Consultative Bureau now has so much power, will it affect the governance of the central province?"
The Consultative Bureau has the power of administrative supervision, which is what Zhu Wu finds most incredible.
"No! As long as the Central Province implements correct laws, why should the Consultative Bureau stop it? Although the Consultative Bureau has the power of administrative supervision, it requires extremely cumbersome steps to actually overturn a law and a certain number of members.
To propose a motion, it needs to be passed by a majority of members. Under normal circumstances, as long as it is not too controversial, members will not do that," Wu Dong said.
"Will there be some evil people taking control of the consultation bureau in the future?" Zhu Wu asked again.
"All members of the Consultative Bureau are elected. There may be a small number of them who became members through fraud, but most of them are good and believe in the people's opinions! Moreover, in the Consultative Bureau, the members'
The status is the same, even the chairman only has the power to convene members and preside over the parliament! It is not easy to truly control the consultative bureau," Wu Dong said.
"I still think the Consultative Bureau has too much power." Zhu Wu still shook his head.
"Actually, it's not just that the Consultative Bureau has great powers. We are passing a bill to increase the powers of the courts. The next round may be the reform of the courts." Wu Dong said calmly.
"Reform of the court? What will the court look like?" Zhu Wu asked hurriedly.
"In the future, the courts will be completely independent from the government. The courts and the government will be two completely independent institutions! Even the central province cannot check and balance the courts at all levels, and the prime minister cannot interfere with court affairs! The courts can investigate officials at all levels.
, the Supreme Court can even rule that the Central Provincial Law is unconstitutional and reject the Central Provincial Law,” Wu Dong said.
"Ah! How could this happen? In this way, the Central Province, the Consultative Bureau, and the courts all have huge powers. If the three of them check and balance each other, I'm afraid our administrative efficiency will be extremely low!" Zhu Wudao said.
"The checks and balances you just mentioned are very good. We need checks and balances! Only with the three checks and balances can we ensure the perfect operation of the government! With checks and balances, there will be no dictators or absolute rights! Our rights come from
The people of the world now divide this right into three equal parts.
Isn't it good to serve the people? If the power is in the hands of one person or an organization, the final result must be that this person or organization oppresses the people and sits on top of the people and dominates! From now on,
No one in China will ever have absolute rights," Wu Dong said.
"No one has absolute rights? What about you, Your Majesty?" Zhu Wu hesitated for a moment and said.
"How much power do you think I still have now? I have withdrawn from the Central Province. After the reform of the Consultative Bureau, it is impossible for me to control the entire Consultative Bureau by myself! What I do now mainly relies on my previous prestige! As time goes by, my
Although future generations can become emperors, they will only have a symbolic meaning at best." Wu Dong said.
"In that case, wouldn't His Majesty be sidelined... How is this possible?" Zhu Wu said in surprise.
"Although he is only an emperor or prince in name, I think it's not bad for future generations to enjoy wealth and honor without having to worry about state affairs! If someone really wants to participate in politics, he should withdraw from the royal family and never be a descendant of the royal family again." Wu Dong said calmly.
The way.
Zhu Wu looked at Wu Dong with disbelief in his eyes.
****
In the summer of the eleventh year of Datong, Lu Junyi, Chai Jin and others finally returned from the New World! They brought back a large amount of peppers and a large number of novel crops. In addition, they brought back a lot of ores and some shining gems.
Although these things are valuable, because the cost of going back and forth is too high, they actually don't make much money. However, Chai Jin, Lu Junyi and others are still very excited! This time they are just preliminary exploration of the New World
, the market has just opened up, and they are confident that they will make more money from the New World in the future!
"Those indigenous people have a lot of gold and gems in their hands, but they only want porcelain. Only porcelain can get back the gold and gems from their hands! The porcelain we brought this time is really too little. Next time we will bring more.
Get back all the gold and gems in their hands! This is a hugely profitable business! We have to go early. It would be bad if we are preempted by others," Chai Jin said.
"When are you going to set off again?" Yelu Dashi asked.
This time he followed him back, but Chao Gai, the Ruan brothers, Yelu Jinning and others had already stayed in the New World and established bases there.
"We need to prepare some goods, and we won't be able to set off again until at least autumn! This year has been exhausting!" Chai Jin said.
"By the way, I have sent people to the central province to apply for the right to build a manor on the land! Cotton in the New World can be made into cotton cloth, so we should plant a large amount of cotton! I plan to build a few cotton manors first, but this requires
A lot of labor." Lu Junyi said.
Cotton appeared in China during the Northern Song Dynasty, but at that time cotton was used as an ornamental plant and did not have much practical use! In the Southern Song Dynasty, cotton cloth appeared for the first time in China! After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongols regarded cotton cloth as the top of the summer tax, but at that time China
China's cotton output was still extremely low! It was not until the Qing Dynasty that China introduced American cotton from the Americas, and China's cotton output greatly increased!
The current New World is America, and the output of original American cotton far exceeds that of Asian cotton and European cotton, so Lu Junyi came up with this idea.
"Some natives in the New World dare to attack us. We should suggest that your Majesty send troops first to conquer all the natives!" Yelu Dashi suddenly said.
It turns out that not all the natives in the New World are friendly, some are friendly, and some are attacking Daliang and robbing Daliang's goods! Because of this, many of their people died this time.
"It would be best if Your Majesty is willing to send the army now! However, now that the Domestic Consultative Bureau and the courts are undergoing reforms, Your Majesty is afraid that there will be unrest in the country, and that the army will scare Xiaoxiao in the country! In addition, I heard that the people on the grassland dare to
The dead army has now moved north into the Kipchak grassland, and military expenditures are huge. While most of the domestic revenue is invested in infrastructure construction, the Central Province is definitely not willing to spend money to prepare for a second war." Chai Jin thought for a moment and said
.
"The eldest prince is in Nanyang, and he has an army under his command! Although nominally this army has been incorporated by the military, in fact they are still in a semi-independent position. We might as well contact the eldest prince and ask him to send troops! If the time comes,
If we make money, we can share it with the eldest prince." Lu Junyi thought for a while and said.
"That's fine! Brother Lu, why not do this? You prepare goods at home and recruit people who are willing to go to the New World to work. I will go to Nanyang to visit His Highness the Prince!" Chai Jin said.
"good!"
So the matter was settled, Lu Junyi stayed in the country, Chai Jin didn't even enter the house, and took a boat to Nanyang that day.
****
At home, reform matters still affect people's hearts! Ordinary people may not feel the changes in the system, but some senior officials and some old and young people from the Song Dynasty are paying close attention to the changes every day.
On this day, the great scholar Yang Shi summoned several of his friends and disciples together to discuss the current changes in the Consultative Bureau.
"This Consultative Bureau has great power. I saw the election bill of the Consultative Bureau. As long as it is prestigious and supported by people, it can enter the Consultative Bureau! If we can enter the Consultative Bureau, we can check and balance China.
Province, maybe Confucianism will flourish again in the future!" Suddenly a great Confucian said.
"I'm afraid we won't be able to enter the consultation bureau." Yang Shi said.
"Why can't we enter the consultation bureau?" the scholar asked.
"That traitor Wu Dong is extremely despicable, shameless, and low-handed. He goes against us Confucianists in every way. How can he tolerate us entering the consultation bureau?" Yang Shi sneered.
"Mr. Yang is right!" The scholars next to him all agreed.
However, Yang Shi said this, but he still participated in the election of the Consultative Bureau! He thought that it would be best if he could enter. If he could not enter, he would have reason to criticize Wu Dong and insult Wu Dong! Except for him
In addition, several other great scholars also participated in the election of the Consultative Council.
But to their surprise, not only Yang Shi entered the consultation bureau, but most of the other great scholars also entered the consultation bureau, and only two people were unsuccessful.
Yang Shi was surprised! After only one month, Yang Shi and several great Confucians formed the "Confucian Party". However, the power of this Confucian Party was still very small. They only had a small power in the Consultative Bureau.
.
Wu Dong did not stop what Yang Shi did. That night, Wu Yong came to visit Wu Dong.
"Your Majesty, Yang Shi and others are the relics of the Northern Song Dynasty, and they are the most rebellious! Now they have established the so-called Confucian Party, and they are trying to restore the old learning and resist the new learning. Why don't you stop them and drive them out of the Consultative Bureau?
?" Wu Yong said.
"They entered the Consultative Bureau according to the rules! As long as they act according to our game rules, I will not expel them!" Wu Dong said.
"But these people will eventually affect the governance of the central province!" Wu Yong said.
"It must be possible...Wu Yong, you and Qin Hui and others are promoting the New Learning. In fact, you can also form a political party to compete with Yang Shi! In the Consultative Bureau, the power of the New Learning is much greater than that of Confucianism.
"Wu Dong said.
"Establish a political party? To counter Yang Shi? If that's the case, wouldn't I have to withdraw from the province?" Wu Yong hesitated for a while and said.
"You don't have to quit. Don't you have a group of people who specialize in new learning? For example, in Xue Guo, you can let those people form a political party, and you and Qin Hui can exert influence on them." Wu Dong said.
"Okay!" Wu Yong nodded.
Wu Yong acted vigorously and resolutely, and he established the New Study Party that month.