There is only one purpose of the whole article, which is equality, and scholars, farmers, industry and commerce are equal.
There is another article below this article, which talks about the allusions of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors. During the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, there was no distinction between scholars and farmers. The wise are gentlemen, and the sages are villains. The sages admire the Taiping of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors.
In the prosperous era, people in later generations were far-fetched and misinterpreted the meaning of the saint...
If the two articles are read together, the author's intention is obvious.
This is clearly a premeditated and unjust act. Neo-Confucianism has been developing for hundreds of years. Although some people occasionally question it for hundreds of years, no one has ever publicly insisted on it. The first article distorts scholars, farmers, industry and commerce, and the second article
It is even more outrageous. It is the fundamental denial of the foundation of Neo-Confucianism. The basic center of this article is that there was no Neo-Confucianism during the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, so the world was peaceful and the people were happy. Now that Neo-Confucianism has been found, some people misinterpreted the ideal of Confucius' rule, but instead
It will never be the prosperous era of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors.
This is almost like a loud announcement to the world that Neo-Confucianism will be overturned in one fell swoop and all the existing interpretations of the Four Books are defeated.
There is a sentence in the second article, which is called "Record the Origin and Clear the Origin" and "Respecting the Ancient and Practical Rules". These eight words are almost the central idea of the two articles, and the goal is to directly point to the current Neo-Confucianism. Correcting the Origin and Clear the Origin means that the existing Confucianism is simply wrong.
Therefore, we must correct and learn the thoughts of Confucius again. As for worshiping ancient times, we naturally understand Confucius again through the appearance of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors. Only in this way can we understand the true way and the world can be greatly governed.
The second article is the general program, and the first article is to confirm the direction of criticism.
This article was finally discovered. It was then circulated among scholars, and public opinion was in an uproar. Countless people shouted and scolded. Everyone had been reading books for half their lives, but now you say that the books you are reading are simply wrong. What is this?
A traitor.
Some well-informed people also know that in the capital, Jiangnan and other places, people who uphold this theory have appeared. Especially a Songjiang Academy in Jiangnan, it is the gathering point for these people. This theory can be called Ming for the time being.
Learning is the word Ming. The provocative meaning is also very strong. Ming means seeing through it. That is to say, others are in a daze, but they understand the true nature of things. Others are fools, and only they pursue the great way.
The majority of people who studied in the Ming Dynasty were not studying in the Ming Dynasty, but the areas where they mainly operated were mostly in wealthy places such as Lianzhou, Jiangnan, Beijing, and Tongzhou in the north and south. Their theory was almost completely contrary to Neo-Confucianism, which advocated scholars.
Agriculture, industry and commerce, they believe that the people are equal, Neo-Confucianism believes that husbands are the leader of their wives, they believe that husbands and wives are equal, Neo-Confucianism respects benevolence, but they take righteousness as the leader, believing that benevolence has limitations, and righteousness is the vast trend. Only by upholding mindfulness and having justice,
Only a gentleman is seeking benevolence and relying on benevolence to govern the country, but it is just seeking fish from a tree.
This theory is only circulated in private, but there are several representative figures, the most famous of which is Zhu Xueren, a great scholar who is called Master Zhu.
The reason why they gradually expanded and influenced in places with prosperous industry and commerce is because these wealthy areas gave them the soil to breed and germinate.
In fact, this theory evolved from the impact of industry and commerce. For example, their idea of equality among the people is to promote equality among all people in the world, but in fact it aims to enhance the political status of merchants. The so-called equality between husband and wife is not just
Advocate the so-called feminist rights because more and more urban labor is used. Although female workers have appeared, under the traditional idea, they still cannot meet the needs of large-scale employment, strive for equality between husband and wife, and fight for status for women, and have only one purpose.
Free women from the constraints of their families and increase urban employment.
The so-called Mingxue actually represents nothing more than some scholars who gradually integrate with industry and commerce. They gradually have a good impression of merchants, and their interests and commerce are gradually intertwined, so for this emerging class, or
Fight for your own status.
You should know that merchants are all rich people, and their children have also studied. In addition, many scholars gradually participated in business activities, and Mingxue began to gradually become accepted.
But in the eyes of other scholars, such remarks are simply rebellious, scholars, farmers, industry and businessmen are equal. This is not to say that scholars, craftsmen, farmers, and merchants are as lowly as they are, but those who study are superior, wouldn’t it become empty talk?
Equality, isn’t this aversion of etiquette?
On that day, the voices of scolding King Ning and the voices of scolding Mingxue were endless. Many people even acted and started writing articles of criticism, intending to completely suppress the muddy flow.
In fact, until now, academics have gradually opened up, so many schools have emerged. Although Neo-Confucianism has dominated, schools in some places have gradually risen. Although everyone argues, they have not yet reached the point of never ending.
But what about now? It is very different now, because other schools are more like branches and leaves that have spread out from Neo-Confucianism. Although they are different in many details, some basic programs of Neo-Confucianism have not been shaken. However, this is clear
Learning is different. Mingxue is simply a revolution, a subversive revolution to Neo-Confucianism!
In one day, the newspapers of each company received countless articles, all of which were requesting to publish their articles. How could they know that these articles were sent to the Initiative Bureau for review, but some of them passed. Early the next morning, the articles were
When everyone read it, they all said that these articles were scolding, and they were very ugly, and they were all kinds of different styles, but they were inevitably a bit vulgar. Anyway, they would frown secretly, although some people would think
But after most of the time, I felt a little ashamed. No matter what, Mingxue is still presenting facts and reasoning. Even if you refute, just present facts and reasoning. How can you be so random
Swear.
The next day, an article from Mingxue was also published in the newspaper. The article neither scolded people nor preached, but told stories.
What is the story? It might be called revisiting the classics. What is a classic? For all scholars, what Confucius said is a classic, and the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors are also classics.
This story tells the story of Nuwa repairing the sky, and there are many textual researches. It is directly pointed out that Nuwa is one of the three emperors. At this point, Mingxue has produced "Doushu" and "Yuan Mingbao"
Waiting for Weishu as evidence, that is, Nuwa is one of the Three Emperors, and the Three Emperors that people now admire now actually have a woman. What does this mean? You Neo-Confucianism says that women are appendixes, so is it Nuwa Emperor?
It is also an accessory? Confucius praised the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, saying that this is a prosperous era of paradise, but you misinterpret the meaning of the scriptures and say that Confucius discriminates against women. Isn’t this a reversal of black and white?
As soon as the newspaper came out, the city was in an uproar. I had seen the bold ones, but I had never seen such a bold one. But then again, whether Nuwa is the Three Emperors has always been controversial in ancient books, but no matter who it is
, it is undeniable that Nuwa's sacred nature is the husband's wife's guise. So, is even Nuwa an accessory to others?
This is clearly a game of words, and it is unbearable to play a word, and it is impolite to be able to touch everyone's hearts in the name of the saints and the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors.
This incident has become increasingly serious, so that all scholars have participated. It has to be said that the newspapers have published articles on Mingxue, which has given a considerable number of scholars alike.
Society has undergone drastic changes, and it turns out that many academic foundations rely on for survival have become very different. The gentry culture has no support from gentry, which has caused quite a few scholars to fall into chaos and confusion. To put it bluntly, it is the content and reality in the book.
What you see and hear in it is very different. Some scholars clearly feel something is wrong, but they always can't figure out what is wrong.
However, when Mingxue appeared, it was recognized by these people.
Of course, compared with those great Neo-Confucian scholars and scholars who were conservative in Neo-Confucianism, no matter how clever Mingxue is, they will never accept such disrespectful words. All the places are already in trouble, and some even go directly to search for them.
The yamen, ask the yamen to take people immediately.
Of course, the yamen is not omnipotent. They asked them to take scholars. Even if these people's words were a bit rebellious, they had to be very cautious. So they passed the notes to the cabinet and placed them on the desks of the cabinet ministers.
The cabinet is now also surprised. I didn't expect that such a difficult thing would happen at this critical moment.
Liu Jian has been reading the recent newspapers from early morning to now. Even his calm temperament can't help but slap the newspaper on the desk, and then smiled coldly and said, "It's him again, and
It was him who was making trouble. He was taking advantage of the situation. Humph, what the initiative bureau is, I understand now!"
Xie Qian was already angry. As soon as Liu Jian spoke, he immediately cheered up and said, "It's better to withdraw the Initiative Bureau immediately, or take the Initiative Bureau under the cabinet and completely overturn this fallacy.
If the court ignores the matter, it will sooner or later cause a disaster. Mr. Liu, we can no longer tolerate it."