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On December 14, 1825, a group of young aristocratic officers who participated in the "Northern Association" and the "Southern Association" launched an uprising against the tsar, with the purpose of abolishing serfdom and tsarist rule and establishing a constitutional monarchy.//Because the uprising occurred
In December, those who participated in the uprising were called Decembrists. After the failure of the uprising, the Tsar ordered five leaders to be hanged and many of the others were exiled to Siberia. So, these Decembrists set out from St. Petersburg.
After four years of walking, we arrived at a remote town in Eastern Siberia and camped here. This remote town is now the central city of Chita Prefecture in the Soviet Union and the seat of the Far Eastern Front headquarters.
At this time, Chita was no longer the winter camp built by Russian explorers in 1653, nor was it the border town it was when the Decembrists first arrived here. It had become an important city in the Transbaikal region with a population of 120,000.
It is a transportation hub city. Unfortunately, most of the houses in the center of Chita are wooden houses, which were reduced to piles of ashes when bombed by Japanese planes.
General Apanashenko, the commander of the Far Eastern Front of the Soviet Red Army, was so anxious that his mouth was full of water and his voice became hoarse.
After the Japanese army launched a surprise attack on July 26, first naval carrier aircraft and Army aviation groups conducted frantic bombing for a whole day. The Red Army pilots at the relatively hidden airports that were not discovered by the Japanese army bravely faced the enemy. Unfortunately, the Japanese army came prepared.
, a sudden attack, the Zero fighter aircraft of the Japanese Navy carrier-based aircraft were advanced in function. The aircraft of the Soviet Red Army in the Far East were no match. In addition, the Japanese army deployed the Kwantung Army this time, the Chinese dispatched troops and the local Army Air Force to participate in the war. The number of aircraft was huge in one day.
, not only all the surface ships of the Pacific Fleet were wiped out, but also many aircraft of the Far Eastern Front were basically destroyed. In the next few days, the Japanese planes that had mastered the air supremacy opened the way for the Army's ground offensive department like crazy, and pushed the Far Eastern Front forward.
The positions of the front-line corps confronting the Japanese army were blown to pieces, forcing the front-line corps of the Far East Front to retreat continuously. There was no way, the Japanese offensive troops concentrated artillery fire under the cover of aircraft, and used artillery, tanks, and armored vehicles to clear the way, like a
Use a meat-picking knife to hit the joints of the front-line units of the Far East Front. If you don't retreat in time, you will soon be divided and surrounded by the Japanese army.//
When the Japanese army first started to attack, General Apanaschenko did not realize that the battlefield situation would be so dangerous. He also wanted to use the mechanization advantages of the Far East Front to carry out counterattacks and drive the Japanese out of the border! Because of Zhang Gufeng
Based on the experience of the Battle of Nomonhan, General Apanashenko believed that it would be no problem to use the strength of the Far East Front Army to keep the Japs outside the national border. Who knew that this would not be the case after the fight started? The Japanese army used all the strength of the country to fight.
, the Far Eastern Front Army had no support from the rear due to the all-out German offensive on the Western Front. On the contrary, the Western Front was eagerly hoping that the Far Eastern Front Army could dispatch its main force for reinforcements! In this way, the Far Eastern Front Army was fighting alone. This is inconsistent with
The situation at the Battle of Nomonhan was turned upside down.
Fortunately, the Eighth Route Army bombed the Japanese mainland, forcing the Japanese army to transfer back the aircraft dispatched from China and the mainland, and even three aircraft carriers. Otherwise, the pressure on the Far East Front would have been even greater.
Having lost its air superiority, the Far East Red Army was passive and was beaten everywhere. The armored groups could not show up. Once they showed up, they would be frantically attacked by the Japanese aviation group and suffer heavy losses.
At this time, General Apanashenko realized how valuable the deep battle theory proposed by Marshal Tuvacevsky, the purged Red Army Marshal, was. If the Far Eastern Front did not defend in depth, I am afraid that the Far Eastern Front could not last more than a week.
The entire defense line will collapse.
The order from Moscow was for General Apanashenko to gradually shrink the defense line, concentrate on annihilating the Japanese army all the way, and then take advantage of the situation to repel the Japanese attack and drive them out of the country.
Liu Yimin's suggestion was that the Far East Front Army should shrink its defense line, clench its fists, look for opportunities to annihilate the enemy, carry out a protracted war of resistance, and ensure the security of the Ural front line. However, after research by the Soviets, they believed that the Far East Front Army had a strong force and could defeat the Japanese army as long as it could annihilate the Japanese army all the way.
Attack and drive them out of the country. Therefore, the order they issued to the Far East Front Army was modified based on Liu Yimin's suggestion. Liu Yimin's suggestion of gradually shrinking to the Ural region was changed to taking advantage of the situation to drive the Japanese army out of the country♀
, it’s hard to say whether it’s a blessing or a curse.
The current situation is that the Japanese offensive is strong and ferocious, and the long defense line guarded by the Far East Front is being oppressed by the Japanese army everywhere.
Due to the loss of all Pacific Fleet surface ships and the inability to provide support to the garrison, North Sakhalin was attacked by the Kata ** mixed brigade and the Marine Corps in South Sakhalin, which had been supplemented and expanded to the size of a division.
The situation is precarious. The remnants of the defenders have withdrawn to the city of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. It is only a matter of time before Sakhalin Island falls completely.
In Vladivostok, the Japanese Combined Fleet has controlled the sea, and the Taiping Fleet submarine force is still fighting bravely with the Japanese Combined Fleet. The C56 Guards submarine has performed outstandingly and has sunk a Japanese supply ship, a Japanese submarine, and a Japanese submarine.
destroyers, but the Japanese combined fleet is powerful, and the submarine force is facing a joint encirclement and suppression by Japanese submarines and anti-submarine ships. In order to avoid greater losses, General Apanashenko has ordered them to withdraw from the battle, join the Northern Fleet, and join the Northern Fleet.
Without the support of the Pacific Fleet, the defense of seaport cities such as Vladivostok and Soviet Port became extremely difficult. Under the double cover of the Japanese Combined Fleet carrier-based aircraft and naval guns, the Japanese Marine Corps had already moved from Vladivostok to Soviet Port.
They opened a breach on the long coastline and successfully landed, severing the connection between Vladivostok and the Soviet port. The Japanese and Korean troops attacking from the south formed a north-south pincer attack on Vladivostok, and the Taiping Fleet defended the Vladivostok Fortress on the shore.
The base artillery and garrison troops fought fiercely. General Apanashenko was preparing to order the Vladivostok garrison to retreat. However, the Vladivostok and Soviet port garrison could not retreat yet. They had to attract the Japanese troops and cover various government agencies and residents in the Far East.
retreat.
The situation on the southern and eastern fronts became increasingly dangerous, prompting General Apanashenko to make up his mind to concentrate all his efforts on a counterattack and give the Japanese a head-on blow.
In the first few days of early August, the Japanese bombing momentum weakened significantly. This situation had been keenly captured by General Apanashenko, who was preparing to organize a counterattack.
The key target selected by General Apanashenko was the Japanese troops heading north from Manchuria. Because the Japanese troops cut off the Siberian Railway, it directly affected the deployment of troops and generals of the Far Eastern Front, and even risked splitting the Far Eastern Front's defense line.
General Apanashchenko's plan was to first order the First, Second and Fifteenth Army, the main forces of the Far Eastern Front that were confronting the Japanese, to retreat, and then the 25th and Thirty-fifth Army, which were both emergency combined arms forces, would be ordered to retreat. Deployed on the third line of defense, it catches up with the retreating First Army, Second Army, and Fifteenth Army defense lines to block the Japanese army. The main force of the front army moves westward to counterattack the Japanese army heading north from Manchuria. The Northern Group troops meet on the eastern front. Japanese Marine Corps and Korean Army.
On August 9, the Far East Front submitted its combat plan, which was approved by the National Defense Commission on the same day.
That night, General Apanashchenko issued a battle order. The order made it very clear that the Northern Group on the eastern front and the 25th Army and the 35th Army on the third line of defense must hold on for seven days to cover the main force of the front. Complete the assembly and launch a counterattack against the enemy.
Originally, this plan was feasible. If it were a senior general of the Eighth Route Army to take command, he would have set up pocket formations first, carried out an ambush, and then took advantage of the situation to counterattack. The Soviet army was well equipped and had mechanization advantages, including a large group of artillery and tanks. There is no need to go to such trouble. As long as the troops are in place, they can directly fight head-on and use superior force to counterattack the Japanese army while pursuing the pursuit. Unfortunately, the deployment adjustment of General Apanashenko fell into the hands of the Kwantung Army who was in charge of the overall situation in Harbin. In the eyes of the commander, General Yoshijiro Umezu, the reason why the Japanese army made rapid progress and deployment after launching the attack was that they were waiting for the opportunity for the Soviet army to wave or retreat. This was because Umezu Yoshijiro had a trump card in his hand that he did not play, which was to use tanks. The armored assault group composed of the Second Division, the Third Tank Division and the Mechanized Second Division and the 23rd Division was prepared to attack quickly when the Soviet defense line wavered, outflank the main force of the Far East Front in a roundabout way, and attack The Great War of Annihilation.
Umezu Yoshijiro and Okamura Ningji had a good fight. They were both conscientious and meticulous in their work and did not fight uncertain battles. In the northward campaign, Umezu Yoshijiro adopted the method commonly used by the Japanese army, which was to send spies in advance and infiltrate with small units. , not only sent a small Japanese army, but also organized two remaining White Russian special forces and a cavalry unit of the Puppet Mongolian Army to sneak across the border lines in advance to carry out infiltration, sabotage, spread rumors, and detect the movements of the Soviet troops.
On the night of August 9, as soon as the main force of the Soviet troops in the Far East, which had withdrawn to the second line of defense, was mobilized, Yoshijiro Umezu sent a report to the base camp, saying that the opportunity had come to completely defeat the Soviet troops in the Far East, and requested permission to use armored groups to attack.
The Japanese base camp was so eager for victory that it immediately approved Yoshijiro Umezu's immediate execution.
Umezu Yoshijiro immediately issued a combat order, ordering all the units that were attacking the Soviet second line of defense to attack across the board, pounce on them, entangle the main force of the Soviet army, and prevent it from retreating smoothly. He ordered the armored group that had been on standby to dispatch at night and secretly move toward the front line. Contact the enemy, break through the Soviet third line of defense positions under the cover of aircraft after dawn, outflank the main Soviet army in a roundabout way, and encircle the main Soviet army.
Dear book friends: Shanren has returned home from Zhengzhou today. Unfortunately, there was a traffic jam on the highway and I was exhausted, so the update is late. Sorry!