On the night of November 23, the ancient Huaqing Pool became a sea of joy.
In order to welcome Liu Yimin's triumphant return, the central government canteen specially slaughtered a pig and arranged a banquet with four cold, four hot and eight dishes for each table. The stored wine was also taken out, and all the comrades who participated in the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee sat at the table.
, they lit torches in the courtyard of Huaqing Pool and held a banquet to congratulate.
Mao Zedong was high-spirited, holding his waist with one hand and holding a wine bowl with the other. His voice was loud and powerful: "Since the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, the Japanese aggressors have regarded China as a no-man's land and have been rampaging, trying to destroy China in three months. The key to the imminent complete fall of North China is
At that time, the Eighth Route Army, adapted from the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, swore to fight and went north to fight against Japan. The 115th Division first fought at Pingxingguan, breaking the myth that the Japanese army was invincible. Then, our 120th Division and 129th Division used flexible tactics, either surprise attacks, ambushes, or blocking
, and achieved extraordinary results. The Eighth Route Army played a mainstay role immediately after its emergence, which greatly inspired the determination of the military and civilians across the country to resist the war."
Liu Yimin had not seen the chairman for a year, let alone listened to his speech. When he heard it, he felt that the strong Hunan accent was indescribably friendly. He sat there motionless and listened carefully.
Just listen to Mao Zedong continue to say: "On November 6, my powerful instructors crossed the Yellow River from Hancheng and headed north in hiding. This trip was amazing. The mountains and rivers changed color, good news came frequently, and the little devils who fought were scared to death.
In the first battle, the main force of the most elite fully mechanized 5th Division of the Japanese army was eliminated, and then the Chahar Dispatch Corps, which was basically composed of elite Kwantung Army troops, was recaptured in Taiyuan, and the major Japanese airports in North China were attacked, forcing the single-handed director Nine One
The famous Japanese generals Seishiro Itagaki and Yoshitoshi Tokugawa committed suicide by caesarean section during the Eighth Incident. Immediately afterwards, they leapt forward thousands of miles and launched a sneak attack on Tianjin, punching the Japanese army in North China in the heart. Next, they established base areas in southern Hebei and western Shandong to support Hebei.
Fighting in the middle, reorganizing the troops in central Hebei, transporting soldiers, weapons and ammunition to the main divisions, the 21st Division of the Little Devil, and the independent mixed fourth brigade, under the iron fist of my powerful instructor, are like clay dough sculptures.
It turned into a wisp of smoke and dust on the North China Plain."
Liu Yimin heard the chairman describe the instructor's record so accurately, and knew that the instructor's bloodshed and sacrifice were all imprinted in the leader's mind. He was so excited that he wanted to stand up and applaud and cheer. But after thinking about it, he still sat there.
Move. The chairman is praising himself and the instructor. If he can't hold back and takes the lead in applauding, it will seem a bit too much.
The more Mao Zedong spoke, the more excited he became, and his voice became louder and louder: "Especially after the instructors marched eastward to Shandong, they fought several great battles, such as the Japanese ace 8th Division, the 10th Division, and independent mixed brigades.
, the habitual bandit Liu Heiqi, the traitor Zhang Buyun, and the pseudo-Shandong autonomous coalition organized by the Japanese prodigal Zhang Zongyuan are all no match for our army. Our army marched eastward to Jiaodong and south to northern Jiangsu. The Japanese army was like a blind cow and a blind horse.
Our army was leading the way. In the just-concluded Battle of Jiaoji Road, our army not only wiped out the 108th, 33rd, and 34th Japanese divisions, as well as the Jinan garrison and the Jiaoji Road garrison.
Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, was also captured. The two commanders of the newly organized Twelfth Army of the Japanese army were all captured by our army. Comrades, what a brilliant achievement this is, isn’t it worth drinking and celebrating?”
There was thunderous applause in the courtyard of Huaqing Pool.
Mao Zedong glanced at Liu Yimin sitting next to him, his eyes full of joy, and said: "After the main force of our army went north to fight against Japan, the leaders of the Eighth Route Army headquarters and several main divisions came back. Because the instructors were isolated behind enemy lines, several chiefs
He has never come back. Tonight, our legendary hero Comrade Liu Yimin escaped from danger and returned to Xi'an and returned home. The central government held a banquet at the venue of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the CPC to welcome Comrade Liu Yimin, who made great contributions to the Chinese revolution and the Anti-Japanese War.
And I wish him and the heroic instructors to guard against arrogance and impetuosity and achieve greater victory!"
After Mao Zedong finished speaking, the banquet began.
Maybe it was to congratulate Liu Yimin for surviving the disaster, or maybe it was to affirm Liu Yimin's contribution. Liu Yimin became the target of the toast that night, not to mention the chairman, vice chairman Zhou, Mr. Zhu, Zhang Wentian, Chen Yun, Mr. Peng, etc. who were familiar with him in the past.
The old leader frequently offered him drinks, and even Wang Ming, Xiang Ying, and Kang Sheng, whom he had never met before, came to offer him drinks. Liu Yimin kept saying thank you all night long. In the end, Liu Yimin was just like he was with Tang
Just like when Xingying got married, she was very drunk and was helped to rest by the soldiers while Mao Zedong and others laughed.
When he got up the next morning, Mao Zedong did not let Liu Yimin continue to rest. Instead, he sent a guard to call him to report on the work of Shandong and the instructor.
Since Liu Yimin's report focused on military struggle, Mao Zedong did not allow more people to attend the report meeting, but only asked Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Zhang Wentian, Chen Yun, Peng Dehuai, and Ye Jianying to attend the report.
Liu Yimin was very well prepared and divided the entire report into several parts.
The first part is about the achievements achieved since going north to fight against Japan. He only briefly reported this part because the leaders knew very well that every battle, from planning to implementation to results, was reported to the central government in the form of telegrams.
Of course, the performance is briefly mentioned, but when it comes to each battle, it is detailed and detailed. For example, in the battle of Luzhong to eliminate the Eighth Division, Liu Yimin learned from how to move the troops, how to preset the battlefield, and how to
Attack Sasaki to an independent mixed third brigade as a bait to lure the enemy to attack, how to concentrate artillery fire to destroy the Japanese will to fight, how to carry out cavalry assault to destroy the Japanese artillery and baggage troops, ensure capture, etc., etc., combine several major battles
Chiang's vivid speech made several leaders who listened to it fascinated, as if they were there in person. Especially when he talked about the Battle of Jiaoji Road, how our army had been hiding for a long time, how it secretly moved north, and how he made a surprise attack on the headquarters of the 108th Division.
The Japanese took command and carried out staged encirclement and annihilation of the Japanese. The Chairman and others laughed and applauded.
The second part is the construction of political power in Shandong. This part is one of the key contents of Liu Yimin's report. Liu Yimin began to report after receiving the central telegram to establish the Shandong Bureau of the Communist Party of China before marching eastward, and detailed the process of how to establish the base area with the main brigades as the main ones.
The report was repeated, focusing on the experience of promoting the establishment of village-level political power through democratic elections in various base areas in Shandong. Several examples were given, in which villagers elected anti-Japanese village heads, militia captains, and women directors to lead the masses in the anti-Japanese struggle and production
Self-rescue. All villages where the village-level government has done a good job will have achieved results during the Japanese raids. After the Japanese raids, production has recovered quickly. Moreover, tunnel warfare and mine warfare, mainly conducted by village troops, have played a role in protecting themselves.
The role of destroying enemies.
Introducing the experience of village-level political power construction, Liu Yimin reported on the Shandong Bureau's preparations for the establishment of the Shandong Anti-Japanese Democratic Government Council, and gave a detailed introduction to the institutional setup and personnel composition. At the same time, he provided the central government with a copy of Shandong local political power organization materials, which contained detailed information.
Details of the regional party committees and anti-Japanese democratic governments.
After finishing the report on the construction of political power, Liu Yimin reviewed the shortcomings of political power construction in Shandong. The most important problem was the lack of cadres. One reason was that the party organization in Shandong was too severely damaged by the Kuomintang regime. Before the instructors moved east, there were only more than 70 in the province.
Party members, most counties do not even have a single Party member. Another reason is that due to the brutal raids by the Japanese army, the local party organizations and local political power established in the early stage suffered serious losses. The third reason is that many cadres of the main force are unwilling to work in local areas and do not want to work in local areas.
Willing to leave the combat unit.
In response to these three problems, the Shandong Bureau and the Instructor Party Committee have taken a series of measures, including expanding the scale of cadre training classes, mobilizing and transferring main force cadres to local and local armed forces, and other measures, which are now being organized and implemented.
The third part of Liu Yimin's report is the construction of the main force. In this part, Liu Yimin reported in detail the formation, firepower equipment, vehicles, horses, etc. of the eight main brigades, artillery brigades, cavalry brigades, and directly affiliated troops of the instructor division.
Liu Yimin proposed that based on the current actual situation of the Anti-Japanese War, the main force of the teaching division should be expanded. The original report of establishing an engineer headquarters, upgrading the engineer regiment to an engineer brigade, and establishing a heavy machine gun command, and the heavy machine gun regiment to a heavy machine gun brigade were to unify the leadership of Shandong
Our army's professional and technical arms construction, including baggage regiments, should also be expanded into baggage brigades to meet the logistics support needs of the war. As for the eight main brigades, it is recommended that the central government study whether they can be fully or partially expanded into divisions. At least one teaching brigade should be
, the Second Teaching Brigade and the Third Teaching Brigade were expanded into the Shandong First Division, the Shandong Second Division, and the Shandong Third Division, coupled with the artillery brigade and the cavalry brigade to form a powerful field corps for offensive operations. If you do not want to expose your strength,
Consider renaming it the Shandong First Column, Shandong Second Column, and Shandong Third Column. After expansion, each division will have three infantry brigades, artillery regiment, machine gun regiment, cavalry regiment, engineering regiment, baggage regiment, division guard battalion, and communications battalion.
, the special agent battalion, with a full strength of 35,000 people, ensures concentrated firepower and concentrated troops. One division can easily destroy a Japanese brigade. By concentrating three divisions and the heavy firepower units directly under the military region, a permanent Japanese division can be wiped out in one go.
The overall goal is that the main force of our army in Shandong will build an elite field army of more than 300,000 by the end of next year. By the next year, that is, by the end of 1941, we will build an army of one million to carry out a strategic decisive battle with the Japanese army.
In view of the fact that the instructor has a certain amount of armored force, it is required to build a separate armored force to serve as the assault arrow of our army in Shandong.
Taking into account the lack of artillery talents in our army in Shandong and Shanxi, according to Comrade Zhu Rui's proposal, it is planned to establish an artillery school of the Eighth Route Army to be responsible for training artillery cadres at the battalion, company, and platoon levels and to provide artillery talents to the entire army.
The fourth part of Liu Yimin's report is local armed construction.
At present, there are three detachments in Shandong: Tai'an Detachment, Southeast Shandong Detachment, and North Jiangsu Detachment. In terms of military strength, cadre deployment, firepower, etc., Tai'an Detachment and Southeast Shandong Detachment have the strength to directly catch up with the main brigade. The North Jiangsu Detachment is behind enemy lines, although it is also
A brigade-level detachment, but its strength is too weak and needs to be brought back to the Shandong base area for additional training.
The West Shandong Garrison Brigade, the Second Shandong Garrison Brigade, the Qinghe Garrison Brigade, the Jiaodong Garrison Brigade, the Shandong Southwest Garrison Brigade, and the Western Shandong Garrison Brigade have significantly improved their combat effectiveness after battlefield training. When the next step is to expand the main force, key regiments will be drawn from these units to join.
The main force, run-in training, has reached the main force level. After the expansion of the main force, it is envisaged to add additional security brigades. It is planned to add the Lunan Security Brigade, the Central Shandong Security Brigade, the Jinan Security Brigade, the Jiao Lai Security Brigade, and the Qingdao Security Brigade. The overall situation in the Shandong base area is now stable.
, there are sufficient soldiers, sufficient weapons, and the main forces are well-trained, which can completely provide cadres and backbones for each security brigade. After the construction of the above-mentioned security brigades is completed, our army in Shandong can completely form two major groups, the inner line and the outer line. The inner line troops will be used as security guards.
The brigade is the main force, and its mission is to defend the base area and train and replenish the main force. The outer line troops are composed of the main force and are used as our army's strategic force to organize and launch large-scale battles.
As supplementary forces to the various security brigades, counties in Shandong are currently establishing and restoring county brigades, district teams and militia joint defense organizations. This work is assigned to the main brigades, detachments, and security brigades. One regiment covers two counties. It must be
Complete the task.
The fifth issue Liu Yimin reported was economic construction.
In terms of agriculture, Shandong has begun to promote the two-crop farming method this year. Next year, all base areas will promote the two-cropping farming method, which will significantly increase grain production. However, due to years of war in Shandong, rivers are in disrepair, and water conservancy facilities are seriously damaged, Shandong's agriculture has both
To prepare for wind disasters, floods, and droughts, great efforts must be made to renovate the Yellow River embankments, renovate water conservancy facilities, and improve soil fertility to ensure Shandong's food supply.
Industrially, Shandong's industry is mainly concentrated in Qingdao. After our army occupied Qingdao, although most of the industrial equipment was rushed, due to the Japanese army's air superiority, it was impossible to develop industry on a large scale. This would lead to a decline in Shandong's industrial level.
The sales of farmers' income-generating agricultural products such as cotton and silk are bound to be sluggish. After the Battle of Jiaoji Road, the situation in Shandong improved relatively, with the base area greatly expanded and a broad strategic depth. In view of this situation, it was determined to restore iron ore and coal mines.
Copper mine production, construction of relatively hidden steel plants, machinery plants and other small enterprises in mountainous areas to serve military industry production. At the same time, the use of private capital power to restore textile and silk industry production not only meets the needs of the army, but also meets the needs of the people's lives.
Commercially, the Shandong Bureau and instructors have been strictly implementing our army's policy of protecting national industry and commerce, paying attention to dredging and protecting trade routes, and maintaining commercial circulation in the base areas. However, after our army entered Shandong, it fought fierce battles with the Japanese aggressors. After the heavy Japanese army group passed, Shandong
All walks of life suffered heavy losses. Among them, commerce was hit the hardest. The main reason was that the Japanese heavily armed groups did not have the task of sticking to Shandong for a long time. They mainly focused on looting. Commercial facilities, merchants, and commodities were the key targets of their looting. Although
Measures were taken to fortify the walls and clear the country, but the areas where the main force of our army had not arrived lacked effective organization and were particularly severely tortured by the Japanese army. Most of the properties accumulated by the merchants for generations were destroyed in the war and went bankrupt or frequently went bankrupt. They must be given financial support.
Appropriate support.
In terms of finance, the Bohai Bank established by our army has strong capital, issued RMB, and started to open RMB and legal currency deposit and loan businesses. The next step is to fight a financial war with the Japanese army. On the basis of banning the circulation of Japanese yen and counterfeit currency, we must
We try to print counterfeit Japanese yen and joint notes, go to enemy-occupied areas to purchase supplies, and attack the Japanese military's financial system. We also use the large amount of Japanese yen we captured to go abroad to buy our urgently needed supplies, speculate in buying, and speculating in Japan.
Yuan, try to depreciate the Japanese yen and hit Japan's economy. The second is to implement universal deposit and exchange in the Eighth Route Army bases. RMB, legal tender, and foreign currencies deposited in Shaanxi can be freely transferred or withdrawn in Shanxi and Shandong, which will invigorate finance and reduce the number of industrial and commercial personnel.
losses along the way.
The sixth issue reported by Liu Yimin is military industry construction. The arsenal of the Logistics Command of the Instructor Division has now resumed the production of explosive packages, grenades, and landmines, and can reload ammunition, and is trying to resume the production of rocket launchers. However, as the size of the army expands and
As the scale of the battle expands, we cannot always rely on capturing and reloading ammunition, but must have stable ammunition production. Considering the scarcity of copper and the difficulty in supply, the next step is to engage in scientific research and use as much steel as possible to replace copper.
Taking into account the long coastline of Shandong, which is convenient for Japanese aircraft attacks, Liu Yimin proposed that Mianxian Arsenal production must be restored as soon as possible and production must be expanded, otherwise it will affect the army's operations.
Liu Yimin reported on a lot of content, including Shandong's education work, women's work, transportation construction, etc., and spent a whole morning.
After listening to the report, Mao Zedong was excited. After smoking two cigarettes in a row, he said: "The work in Shandong is very effective, but the most important task at hand is to repel the second heavy group encirclement and suppression that the Japanese army is likely to launch. Wuhan
The battle is over. Whether the Japanese army will take advantage of the victory to attack Hunan, Sichuan, and Shaanxi, or whether it will deploy the main force to restore public order in North China, requires further observation. However, because the instructors' achievements in Shandong were too great and too brilliant, I estimate that the Japanese army
It is very likely that we will abandon other combat plans and first carry out retaliatory operations against Shandong. The reason is very simple. After our army captures Shandong, as long as it develops for a period of time, it will inevitably grow rapidly. This will threaten the Japanese army's rule over the entire North China. In this regard, we
If you know it in your heart, the little devil will also see it clearly."
Zhou Enlai said: "We underestimated the development of the war situation. When our army went north, everyone did not know enough about the combat effectiveness of the Japanese army. They did not expect that the instructors could achieve such great results. The guiding idea was to carry out guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines, develop covertly, strengthen strength, and use guerrilla warfare to
Cooperate with the Kuomintang in frontal combat and consume the Japanese. Two points are now very clear. One is that as long as the main force of our army has sufficient artillery support, it can fight head-on with the Japanese army. Therefore, we must strengthen the 115th Division, the Independent Division, the 129th Division, and the 120th Division as soon as possible.
For the artillery construction of a division, a division must have at least one or two artillery regiments. In this case, several main divisions can increase the intensity of their attack on the Japanese army in Shanxi, and form a pattern of coordinated operations with the instructors in the east and west. Now these few
The individual divisions expanded rapidly, but due to the weak artillery power and excessive dilution of the main force, the combat effectiveness did not advance but retreated. There was even a situation where a brigade could not attack a Japanese regiment, which was the same as the national army's combat level. If it were not increased,
Despite the intensity of training and firepower deployment, combat effectiveness cannot return to its original level within a year. Another reason is that the combat effectiveness of the Japanese army is uneven. The combat effectiveness of the permanent divisions is strong, while the combat effectiveness of the ad hoc divisions and security divisions is weak. Next, we should choose
We should pick on the weak targets of the war, eliminate more of the Japanese troops with poor combat effectiveness, and seize weapons and ammunition to arm our army."
Mr. Zhu is responsible for leading the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army and has accumulated enough experience in fighting the Japanese army for a year. After listening to Liu Yimin's report and the words of Chairman and Vice Chairman Zhou, Mr. Zhu said: "The combat effectiveness of the Japanese army cannot be measured by the performance of the instructors.
The instructor's artillery fire itself is the most powerful among all the units in our army, and the soldiers' cultural level is also the highest. After consecutive battles and victories, they have captured a huge amount and have more than a dozen artillery regiments. In addition, they have engaged in novel operations such as special operations.
The little devil was confused about the method, and naturally suffered losses one after another. Other units of our army did not have the artillery fire of the instructors. When fighting the Japanese army, they could only choose ambushes and raids, which would cause heavy casualties and small results. Just wipe out the Eighth Division.
In terms of battle, if the instructor's artillery group had not concentrated its artillery fire, the elite Eighth Division would never have retreated. Instead, relying on its artillery and armor advantages, it broke through our army's blocking position and invaded Weicheng. Therefore, from
In terms of the overall situation of the Anti-Japanese War, we cannot overestimate the combat effectiveness of our army and underestimate the combat effectiveness of the Japanese army. Currently, all the ammunition reserves used by the instructors for combat operations come from captured weapons. Once the Japanese army launches a heavy encirclement and suppression campaign again and the arsenal has to stop reloading ammunition, the problem will become serious.
Guerrilla warfare, mobile warfare, and special operations must be closely coordinated and multiple strategies must be used to break the possible new round of heavy encirclement and suppression by the Japanese army. Simple large-corps warfare, head-on confrontation, is not advisable for the time being, and it is impossible to promote it to other troops. The top priority is
We have to find a way to resume ammunition production. It would be best to negotiate with the Soviet Union and let them support our several artillery divisions with equipment and sufficient ammunition. But that is not possible. As Liu Yimin said, you can buy it with gold or US dollars. We now have
This ability.”
Chen Yun was most concerned about economic issues. He had discussed them with Liu Yimin along the way from Yichuan to Xi'an. It was Liu Yimin's point of view when he opened his mouth: "War is about the economy, money and food. My opinion is that our army's next battle should be thorough and thorough."
To restore the southern part of Hebei, the first target is the Jizhong base area. It is a granary and has sufficient troops. If we control Jizhong and southern Hebei, and then try to control the eastern part of Hebei, we can force the Japanese army to the Pingjin area. Not only can we support the various units in Shanxi, but we can also
Support the Northeast region. This is particularly important when we have food and don’t panic."
Zhang Wentian is also the chairman of the Shaanxi Anti-Japanese Special Zone Government. He said that the Shaanxi Anti-Japanese Special Zone Government can dispatch a group of cadres to Shandong to help establish county and district governments. Since Shaanxi's fiscal and taxation system has been established, more cadres can be sent in this regard.