Lin Shuo has been staying in Tianjin most of the time recently. During the entire Japan-Russia period, his accuracy in predicting the war situation amazed Yuan Shikai's close generals such as Wang Shizhen, Duan Qirui, and Feng Guozhang.
The imperial court finally agreed to transfer the Mawei Shipyard to a commercial operation, and Lin Shuo was appointed as the ship administrator and the general office of the Mawei Shipyard. However, in order to control the Fujian Shipyard in his own hands, he still took great pains to resign as the commander of the Dongjun Army.
Promotion of shipping administration to the title of chief envoy.
There is no way. We cannot have both civil and military affairs, and we cannot pay attention to both the north and the south.
Since the Russians had been spying on the local territory of Mongolia, they took the opportunity to send troops to occupy part of Tangnu Ulianghai land in the Gengzi year. The Qing court became increasingly worried about the security of Mongolia. Dongjun was transferred to Datong after the Russo-Japanese War.
They also moved to Hetao, so it was impossible for Lin Shuo to follow the army and squat in Ningxia.
Lin Jianfan, a veteran of three generations of the Lin family, served as the commander of Dongjun and the commander-in-chief of Ningxia Town. Yuan Shikai took great care of Dongjun. After all, this was also a branch of Beiyang. He ensured that the imperial court expanded Dongjun's establishment to 12 battalions, with a full complement of 12 battalions.
Later, there were more than 6,000 people.
Although the scale has expanded, the main source of troops for the Dong Army still comes from the Lin Family Yizhuang, so there is absolutely no problem with this army's loyalty to the Lin Family.
The main weakness of the Manchu Qing Dynasty was that the army's national and ethnic concepts were very indifferent. The soldiers were generals, and the army's loyalty to the country was almost zero, including the newly built Beiyang Army. This is also the reason why the Manchus have been weakening their national concepts for hundreds of years.
the consequences caused.
As for the Han people taking over the military power, the Qing government had no choice but to use it and defend it. Yuan Shikai now only had three new Beiyang armies in his hands, which made the Manchu nobles in the Manchu Dynasty sleepless and became the target of criticism.
Fuzhou, Mawei Shipyard.
Lin Shuo, accompanied by Xu Jianyin and Shen Xinan, the director of the Shipping Association, visited the shipyard together. Standing in front of the Luoxing Tower, looking down at the very cold factory area, he couldn't help but sigh.
On December 23, 1866, with the efforts of Zuo Zongtang and Shen Baozhen, China's first modern shipyard was fully under construction in Mawei Zhongqi. In order to establish a modern machine shipyard under the conditions where China's industry and technology were almost blank at that time,
Zuo and Shen adopted the method of introducing technology, equipment and engineering personnel from Europe, and hired a Frenchman, Yige, as the shipbuilding supervisor. After several years of construction, China's first government-run professional shipyard emerged on the banks of the Ma River.
It covers an area of more than 600 acres. It has complete equipment, complete facilities and a large scale, second to none in the Far East.
In January 1868, Fujian Shipping Administration began construction of China's first 1,000-ton wooden-hulled warship "Evergreen", which was completed the following year. By 1874, under the guidance of foreign technicians, the Shipbuilding Administration had built a total of
There are 15 warships and merchant ships of various types. Among them, the warship "Yangwu" built in 1872 has a displacement of 1,560 tons, which is equivalent to the level of a foreign second-class cruiser. In 1875, the shipyard dismissed foreign technicians and entered the stage of independent shipbuilding. The first successful "Art"
The "New" gunboat showed that the Chinese had mastered modern shipbuilding technology. In 1877, the shipbuilding administration updated the shipbuilding technology and began to produce iron-wood hook steamers. Ten years later, the first steel-hulled armored ship produced by China was built.
The warship "Pingyuan".
Within 20 years, the shipbuilding industry has achieved technological progress from building wooden-hulled ships to steel ships. The emergence of steam-engine-powered ships is a major achievement of modern science and technology in the world. Zuo Zongtang and Shen Zhengzhen realized that the design
In order for the factory to build ships and seek development, it is necessary to cultivate talents. Therefore, at the same time as the factory was established, the Shipbuilding School was founded. This is the first new school in China to take modern science and technology as its main subject and introduce relevant Western teaching materials, courses and management systems. Shipbuilding
The school is divided into front school and rear school according to different majors. The front school cultivates shipbuilding and machine building talents, and the rear school cultivates driving and engine management talents. The shipbuilding school attaches great importance to knowledge. Starting in 1875, outstanding students were selected in batches to study abroad.
Directly accept Western science and technology education. Over the decades of running the school, it has continuously cultivated technical personnel, promoted the advancement of shipbuilding technology, and also created innovations for modern China's naval construction, shipping, machinery, mining and metallurgy, telecommunications, railways, diplomacy, education and other fields.
A large number of outstanding talents have promoted China's modernization process in many aspects. Yan Fu, Deng Shichang, Sa Zhenbing, Wei Han, Liu Buchan, Zhan Tianyou, etc. are outstanding representatives among them.
On August 23, 1884, the French Far East Fleet launched a surprise attack in Majiang, and heavy artillery bombarded the shipyard, causing heavy losses. After the war, the shipyard employees worked hard to repair it, and normal production resumed a month later.
By 1905, the Fujian Shipbuilding Administration had built a total of 40 ships with a total displacement of more than 4.7 tons, accounting for 70% of the total domestic self-built ships. In 1874, in the fight against Japan's invasion of Taiwan, the early ships built by the Shipbuilding Administration were
Juche established China's first modern navy, the Fujian Navy.
Due to lack of investment, this once glorious shipyard, known as the largest shipyard in the Far East, now looks dilapidated. The three slipways are empty and lifeless. There are various rusty shipbuilding materials piled on the side, and there are overgrowth all around the slipways.
Got weeds.
Seeing all this, Lin Shuo couldn't help but sigh from the bottom of his heart.
Accompanied by Shen Yiqing, Lin Shuo and his party began to visit the factory area, and some technical personnel transferred from the Hudong Shipyard also began to evaluate the facilities of the Mawei Shipyard.
Since there was not much work, most of the workers were laid off. Now there are only more than 800 people left in the factory. Most of the workers spent their working hours chatting in front of the machines in boredom. Not many people noticed the arrival of Lin Shuo and others.
Returning to the shipyard office building, the technical staff who went down to each branch to conduct evaluations came back one after another. The summary of the situation was not as bad as it seemed on the surface. The technical data of Mawei Shipyard over the years were completely preserved, and importantly, the shipyard once had more than 3,000 employees.
There are many workers who are skilled in operating machines. The reserve of technical personnel with secondary and higher education here is definitely the best in the country. What is surprising is that the Qingzhou Stone Shipyard, which was built less than ten years ago under the leadership of the Minister of Shipping Fei Yinsen, can accommodate a
When a 15,000-ton ship is docked for repairs, one cannot help but admire his extraordinary insight.
The biggest problem of Mawei Shipyard is insufficient investment. Most of the machinery and equipment are old and obsolete equipment, and basically all need to be updated. Two of the three slipways under the shipyard are simple mud slipways, and the other is slightly larger.
A small wooden slipway can only build ships with a maximum displacement of 3,000 tons. Even after Mawei Shipyard was converted into a commercial operation, it would be difficult to receive large orders for commercial ships.
In general, the technical strength and talent reserve of shipbuilding companies are second only to Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau among domestic westernization enterprises. After re-planning and technological transformation, production may be resumed in less than a year. Lin Shuo is more worried now.
The Shipbuilding School, China's first higher technical school in modern times, has been in and out of operation due to a shortage of funds. Now there are only about forty students. How to revive the Shipbuilding School is a big problem.
In view of the navigation capacity of the Minjiang Waterway, the re-planned Mawei Shipyard will mainly build small and medium-sized ships with a displacement of less than 10,000 tons. According to the reconstruction plan, the original two mud slipways and one wooden slipway will be transformed into reinforced concrete structures.
For the permanent slipway, the original two 1,500-ton mud docks will be transformed into two 3,000-ton steel-concrete structure docks, and the wooden slipway will be transformed into a 5,000-ton permanent slipway. On the other hand, the shipyard
A large number of facilities are old and need to be replaced.
The main equipment that Lin Shuo decided to transform and update at Mawei Shipyard were copied by domestic factories. Although self-made equipment costs more than 300,000 yuan more than imported from abroad, and it also has a great impact on the construction period of the shipyard reconstruction.
But Lin Shuo believes that this cost is still worthwhile. This will firstly enable the country to have the manufacturing capacity of heavy machinery, and more importantly, it can cultivate a large number of skilled workers.
In order to ensure the steel demand of Mawei Shipyard, it is necessary to mine the iron ore in Datian and Zhangping, which in turn requires the construction of a railway to connect the iron ore in Fuzhou, Sanming, Longyan and Zhangping.
Fujian is a mountainous area with inconvenient transportation. It is not easy to build railways. Fortunately, the Qing Dynasty has always been encouraging industrial and commercial investment. Lin Shuo came forward. With the efforts of Fujian gentry merchants and some overseas Chinese, all walks of life
A total of more than 8 million silver dollars were raised to establish Fujian Railway Company.
In order to manage railway funds, Fujian Industrial Bank was specially established.
According to the survey results, the Fujian Railway construction plan and route are basically consistent with those of later generations. The railway line was built along the main river and along the mountain. Although the distance is slightly longer, it does reduce the difficulty of construction.
In May 1907, the construction of the Fuzhou-Nanping section and the Xiamen-Zhangping section of the Fujian Railway started respectively. Although the Western powers had been coveting China's railway rights and interests, they were restrained by each other, and the private sector's call for self-funded railway construction gradually increased.
The Qing government finally approved each province to start raising its own funds to build railways.