After the "Government Corps" meeting, Ni Sichong from Bengbu first announced the Anhui **. Subsequently, Henan, Zhejiang, Shandong, Zhili, Shaanxi, Fengtian and other provinces responded by announcing the **. This time, the Beiyang provinces announced the **, which was similar to the previous announcements by the southern provinces.
* completely different in nature
; In the past, the southern provinces opposed the Beijing government. This time, the Beiyang soldiers opposed the Beijing government. The previous Beijing government was in the hands of the Beiyang warlords. But at this time, the Beijing government only has a bare-handed president who is trapped in the government and has no power.
No resistance.
As the northern provinces declared secession, Li Jingxi, the newly appointed cabinet minister, had to hide in the Tianjin concession and did not dare to come out. Li was eager for Li to come to Beijing to take office, so he sent government secretary-general Xia Shoukang and military adviser Jin Yongyan to Tianjin to greet him, and also sent direct troops
Li Chun, the governor of Jiangxi, went to persuade Li Chun. Li actually regarded Li as the only savior to solve the current crisis, thinking that he could only
If he is willing to come to Beijing and take office, he can obtain Zhang Xun's powerful assistance and prevent the Japanese provinces from marching into Beijing. However, Li Jingxi, who has wanted to be the Prime Minister for a long time, does not have the courage to become the Prime Minister when he has already obtained it.
, one moment he said he wanted to go to Beidaihe to escape the summer heat, the next moment he said he was willing to give way to Wang Shizhen and was determined not to come to Beijing.
Provinces in ** drove away their governors one after another. First, Shaanxi Governor Li Genyuan was placed under house arrest by Chen Shufan, forcing him to resign due to illness. In addition, ** provinces generally arbitrarily expanded the army and withheld national taxes. In the Northeast,
Zhang Zuolin took the opportunity to annex Feng Delin's 27th Division, and established a 29th Division. With Wu Jun promoted to the division commander, he already had the attitude of occupying the mountain and becoming the king. Zhao Ti of Henan intercepted all the income of the Jinghan Road Bureau
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During this period, six provinces in the southwest sent out calls to oppose military interference in politics and the dissolution of Congress. On May 30, Hunan Governor Tan Yankai called for mediation. Huai Army veteran Jiang Guiti agreed and suggested inviting Feng Guozhang, Zhang Xun, and Tan Yankai to Beijing.
, and Wang Shizhen jointly organized the "Meeting for Mediation". Sun Yat-sen opposed mediation and urged the six southwestern provinces to mobilize troops to fight against rebellion. The Kuomintang-affiliated Navy Chief Cheng Biguang sent a telegram to persuade all provinces to cancel the rebellion, and stated that the navy always safeguards the attitude of the republic.
Li Liejun from above
Arriving at Guangzhou, he planned to lead the two divisions of the Yunnan Army in Guangdong, Kaifu Ru and Fang Shengtao, in the Northern Expedition. Guangdong Governor Chen Bingkun, Guangxi Governor Tan Haoming and Li Liejun jointly issued a telegram to initiate the six-province alliance of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hunan, Guangdong and Guangxi, and proposed a public recommendation
Lu Rongting is an ally
The Lord asked Lu to go to Guangdong to "preside over the plan", "obey the "Covenant" and support the republic as his unswerving purpose", and also asked Feng Guozhang to "adhere to the heart of protecting the law". Tang Jiyao called the southwestern provinces and suggested organizing a provisional government in Guangzhou.
Dai Li became president.
However, there are also internal problems in the six southwest provinces. In Sichuan, there is a conflict between the Sichuan and Yunnan armies. In Guangdong, there is a secret fight between the Yunnan and Guangxi armies. Because the people of the six provinces have a common will to oppose the Beiyang warlords and the civil war, under the influence of Sun Yat-sen
, they had to express their opposition to the governor's army, but in fact they had no intention of sending troops to the Northern Expedition.
The military remonstrance of the governor's army was a slogan used to deceive Li. If Li surrendered, they would drive Li away on the pretext that the president's prestige had been lost. This was the predetermined plan of the Xuzhou Conference. At this time, Li Yuanhong also wanted to adopt the method of avoiding the important and taking the easy.
One or two
Articles, such as amending the constitution, rejecting the Renren, and calming the anger of the military governors; as for dissolving the Congress, which was simply a treasonous thing for the Republic of China, he proposed nine points: "No law breaking, no love for the throne, no fear of death."
Words to express determination not to accept.
As Li's attitude gradually softened, members of Congress who originally belonged to the Kuomintang took refuge south or hid in the Six Nations Hotel to watch the situation. Newspapers belonging to the Kuomintang in Beijing ceased publication. More than 80 members of the research department offered to resign in order to tear down the Congress.
The National Assembly has collapsed even before it is dissolved. Government aides Ha Hanzhang and Kim Yong
Yan and Li Shu also submitted their resignations, which were all approved by Li. Even Xia Shoukang, the secretary-general of the government, and Rao Hanxiang, the deputy secretary-general who were not on the list of Qin Ren, also called and asked for punishment. However, Li's weakness not only failed to save the situation,
The crisis has instead fueled the arrogance of the governor's army, which believes that "military remonstrance" is an effective weapon to attack the president.
Under the serious threat of the military governor's army detaining the road bureau's vehicles transporting troops from the north, Li, who was trapped in the government office, begged for help everywhere. In desperation, he made a big mistake. He even called Zhang Xun to lead troops to Beijing to "relieve the difficult times and work together."
"Save the overall situation". This move played into Lao Zhang's heart, and he quickly took more than 6,000 "braided troops" to the north by train and went to Beijing for "mediation". Under Xu Shuzheng's operation, a "restoration" conspiracy to defeat Li by any means began.
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After Yuan Shikai's death, the old men of the former Qing Dynasty began to dream of restoration again. But this time, Zhang Xun, known as "Zhang from the South and the North", really led his troops to Beijing. Now the old men were really overjoyed and wanted to fight.
Let's talk about Zhang Xun. When he arrived at the Beijing Railway Station, there were already wolf-like braided troops patrolling outside, expelling all irrelevant people. The greeting envoy sent by Li Yuanhong talked good and bad words, and then entered the encirclement.
We are waiting for the arrival of handsome Zhang Dazhai.
Come. Soon, a float came whining. Zhang Xun and Old Man Li got out of the car with happy faces. Just as the envoy from the Presidential Palace came to greet him, Zhang Xun just smiled at him, turned around and got on another car.
The carriage immediately drifted away, escorted by a battalion of braided soldiers.
In order to welcome Zhang Xun's arrival, Li Yuanhong had changed the auditorium of the Presidential Palace into a temporary residence. However, Zhang Xun did not accept this kindness. He did not go to see Li Yuanhong immediately after entering Beijing, but returned to Nanheyan first.
That night, Li Yuanhong personally called Zhang Xun and asked him to go to the Presidential Palace to discuss state affairs. However, Zhang Xun declined by saying that he was "tired from traveling and traveling and needed to take a break." Finally, he agreed to go to the Presidential Palace to discuss cancellations the next morning.
** matters in each province.
In the next few days, various provinces in the country also canceled their campaigns, and Li Jingxi also began to organize the cabinet. On the surface, Zhang Xun did have a mediating role. However, if you only see the surface, it would be too underestimated.
Zhang Dazhen is so handsome. According to Zhang Xun, he hopes that Li Jingxi will temporarily act as Prime Minister for three months to maintain the situation, while he secretly summons the old and young to Beijing to prepare for the subsequent restoration.
On the second day after arriving in Beijing, Zhang Xun, led by his imperial advisors Chen Baochen and Liang Dingfen, entered the palace to see Puyi. According to Puyi's recollection, when he first met Zhang Xun, he was "somewhat disappointed" and only saw him
"Wearing a gauze robe, he has a dark red face, heavy eyebrows, and is chubby." "He does have one braid, which is white."
Zhang Xun didn't stay long when he entered the palace this time. He only saw Puyi for about five or six minutes and then left. However, Puyi's two masters were very happy because Zhang Xun praised the young emperor as "smart and humble", and
The concubines also gave Zhang Xun a banquet to show their support.
Half a month later, on July 1, three of Puyi's masters, Chen Baochen, Liang Dingfen, and Zhu Yifan, came in to see Puyi. Their faces were very solemn, as if something terrible was about to happen. Then, Chen Baochen spoke first.
He said: "Zhang Xun came early in the morning..."
"Oh, he came to say hello again?"
"This is not to say hello, but to say that everything is ready and in order to support the Emperor's restoration to the throne and the restoration of the Qing Dynasty!"
Thirteen-year-old Puyi was still ignorant. Master Chen said to him anxiously: "Please make sure that your Majesty agrees to Zhang Xun. This is asking for orders for the people, and the return of heaven and man..."
Only then did Pu Yi realize that he wanted to be emperor again!
Chen Baochen further explained: "You don't need to say much to Zhang Xun then, just agree to him. However, don't agree immediately, but decline first, and finally say: 'In this case, just do it reluctantly!'"
Puyi then arrived at the Yangxin Hall. Not long after, Zhang Xun came in with a group of people, including Wang Shizhen, Jiang Chaozong, Zhang Zhenfang, Lei Zhenchun, Kang Youwei and others. After meeting Puyi, Zhang Xun knelt down and took out the
issue one
The memorial read: "The Empress Dowager Longyu couldn't bear to let the people suffer for the sake of the dignity of her family, so she issued an edict to establish a republic. Who knew that the people would be miserable... A republic is not in line with our national conditions. Only when the emperor is restored can all the people be saved..."
After Zhang Xun finished reciting, Puyi declined according to what his master had taught him before: "I am too young and have no talent or virtue to take on such a big responsibility."
After hearing this, Zhang Xun first praised Puyi for his modesty, and then recounted the story of Emperor Kangxi's accession to the throne at the age of six.
Puyi said: "What should we do with that great president? Give him preferential treatment or something?"
Zhang Xun smiled and said: "Li Yuanhong petitioned him to abdicate. The emperor only needs to grant his petition."
Having said this, Puyi no longer refused: "In that case, I will do whatever it takes!"
Since Puyi agreed, Zhang Xun led a group of old people to kneel down and kowtow, shouting long live the mountain. Then he took out the restoration edict drafted by Kang Youwei and asked Puyi to "read it" and seal it. Thus, in the 6th year of the Republic of China, Xuantong became Xuantong again.
Nine years.
On this day, the Little Dynasty issued nine "imperial edicts" in one go:
The first: the enthronement edict;
The second course: Li Yuanhong petitioned to return the state affairs and make Li a first-class Duke;
The third channel: Special cabinet ministers are appointed, and the rest of the official system is temporarily as in the early years of Xuantong. The current civil and military officials all serve as usual;
The fourth path: awarded to seven ministers (Zhang Xun, Wang Shizhen, Chen Baochen, Liang Dunyan, Liu Tingchen, Yuan Dahua, Zhang Zhenfang) and two cabinet ministers (Zhang Xun's chief of staff Wan Shenglong and Feng Guozhang's former staff Hu Siyuan);
Fifth Road: Awarded to ministers of various ministries (Liang Dunyan from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Zhang Zhenfang from the Du Branch, Wang Shizhen from the General Staff Department, Lei Zhenchun from the Army Department, Zhu Jiabao from the Ministry of Civil Affairs);
Sixth Road: Xu Shichang is awarded, and Kang Youwei is the president and vice president of Bide Yuan (equivalent to the nature of Zizhengyuan or Congress);
The seventh step: Confer the original governors of each province as governor-general, governor and governor (Zhang Xun concurrently serves as the governor-general of Zhili and the minister of Beiyang, the others will not be described one by one).
Happiness always comes suddenly. The "Second Spring" bloomed in the Xuantong Dynasty. What happened? What did Zhang Xun do in the past half month after entering Beijing?
It turned out that after Zhang Xun entered Beijing, all the old and young people from all walks of life came out one after another and entered Beijing quietly. On June 28, an old man dressed as a farmer walked out of the Beijing Railway Station.
It was inconspicuous. But as soon as he walked out of the station, four braided soldiers came forward to greet him. They respectfully picked up the old man into the car and then sped away.
Who is this old man? It is said that he is a famous person. He is Kang Youwei, the former head of the Ministry of Industry and the protagonist of the Reform Movement of 1898. In his pocket, he is hiding a reset proclamation to be issued and several preparatory edicts. The purpose of his trip
, isn’t it just for the restoration?
On the issue of restoration, Kang Youwei and Zhang Xun's chief of staff, Wan Shengshuang, were quite similar. They had introduced Kang to Zhang Xun before. After Zhang Xun met Kang Youwei, they had a very happy conversation and regretted that they had met so late.
Two people, one respected literature and the other respected martial arts, and they liked to talk to each other, so there is a saying in the world of elders that they are "the two saints of civility and martial arts".
After Kang Youwei arrived in Beijing, he was immediately taken to Zhang Xun's residence. A group of restoration figures had already gathered together, including Wan Shengzhu, Zhang Zhenfang, Lei Zhenchun, Shen Zengzhi, Hu Siyuan, Lao Naixuan, Ruan Zhongshu, Gu
Yuan and others, this group of people met all night and prepared the restoration matters as quickly as possible, such as edicts, edicts, official position arrangements, etc., just waiting for Zhang Xun's order, the dynasty could be changed and the old dream could be revisited.
On June 30, the Jiangxi Guild Hall held a meeting and invited Zhang Xun to come. Zhang Xun was a theater fan. This time, Mei Lanfang was performing on the stage, so he took advantage of the excitement. In the evening, Zhang Xun returned to his mansion after the banquet.
, I felt strange when I saw the lights in the house brightly lit and the crowds of people moving around.
As soon as he entered the door, Zhang Xun was surrounded by Wan Shengzhu and others, who presented him with an elegant document. Zhang Xun glanced at it for a few moments and asked, "Are we going to do it tonight?" Wan Shengzhu said, "The commander-in-chief is determined to restore the state.
, it’s not just a day, now it’s a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, if you don’t take it now, then when will you wait?”
Zhang Xunben was still drunk. Hearing Wan Shengzhu's encouragement, he became excited. He rolled up his sleeves and said loudly: "It makes sense! I, Old Zhang, will do this!"
After saying that, Zhang Xun ordered his people to go separately to invite several famous officials in the capital, such as Army Chief Wang Shizhen, Infantry Commander Jiang Chaozong, Police Superintendent Wu Bingxiang, Chen Guangyuan, Commander of the 20th Division stationed in the capital, and others.
After all, Zhang Xun jumped up the steps
, loudly announced the great cause of restoration. When someone suggested that this matter was too hasty, Zhang Xun said angrily: "If you want to do it, do it, not your mother-in-law! If this doesn't happen, I, Lao Zhang, will be the one to take care of it. If anyone doesn't cooperate today, don't blame me.
Your men are ruthless!"
Jiang Chaozong was an impatient person and had no idea about republican democracy, so he accepted it immediately; Wang Shizhen had feelings for the previous dynasty, so it was natural that he had nothing to do; as for Wu Bingxiang and others, they were good men anyway and would not suffer the immediate disadvantages, since Marshal Zhang said that they would
If you do it once, then just follow the crowd.
That night, Zhang Xun ordered Wang Shizhen and Wu Bingxiang to put the braided army into the city. When the morning rooster crowed and the sky was getting brighter, Marshal Zhang treated everyone to a feast, then asked everyone present to change into the robes of the previous dynasty, and he opened the
The box I carried with me on the train: it turned out to be a brand new official uniform of the Qing Dynasty!
At this time, the commander of Zhang Xun's men came over and reported that the braided army had occupied the key points inside and outside the city, and everything was well arranged. After hearing this, Zhang Xun jumped up and said loudly: "Okay, I will enter the palace now and ask Emperor Xuantong to restore his power."
That’s it!”
Under the protection of the braided army, Zhang Xun and his party came to the Qing Palace. Since there was no negotiation before, the people in the Qing Palace were frightened by these people and ran away. Those inside went to report to Concubine Jin and Concubine Yu, while those outside hurriedly reported
Shixu, the Taibao of the Qing Dynasty. When the two concubines and Shixu arrived and asked why they came, Zhang Xun said: "Today is the restoration, please come to the palace, young master."
After Shixu heard this, he was so frightened that he almost fell off his chair. He asked in a trembling voice: "Whose idea is this?"
Zhang Xun took a step forward and said with a ferocious smile: "I, Old Zhang, make the decision, what are you afraid of?"
After hearing this, Shixu kowtowed and bleeds, shouting that he must not do it. Seeing Shixu like this, the two concubines were very frightened and said, "General, if this doesn't work, wouldn't it harm my entire family?"
Zhang Xun was annoyed when he heard this and said: "I have an old minister here, so don't worry!"
Shixu was still kowtowing in opposition. Zhang Xun couldn't bear it and said sternly: "Do you want restoration or not?!"
The braided troops on the side also made a noise and invited the emperor to ascend the throne. Seeing that such a reckless man was acting recklessly, Shi Xu could not follow his words, something else might happen, so he and the two concubines went into the palace to invite the young emperor Xuantong. .
Hence the above scene.
Subsequently, Zhang Xun sent a telegram to the whole country, announcing the restoration of the Qing Dynasty. In the telegram, Zhang Xun criticized all the chaos in the early years of the Republic of China, saying, "It is called the Republic of China, but it is not known that there are people; it is called the people, but it is not known that there is a country. To this day, the people are If the wealth is exhausted, the country's foundation will inevitably be shaken." If the reason is investigated, it is due to the implementation of a republic because of the "bad national structure."
The Qing Dynasty was restored, and the whole country was in an uproar.