The large conference hall of St. George Castle, which can accommodate a thousand people, is showing a documentary film produced by the Army Film Studio.
This conference hall was specially built by the colonial government to accommodate meetings between the British King and Indian politicians and business people. After its completion, it was only used once in 1911, when George V met here, including Gandhi, Sue Banerjee,
Congress party leaders such as Anne Baishan Te and plutocrats such as Tata, Birla, and Singhania gave impassioned speeches, finally tying India to the British chariot, providing money and effort, and participating in World War I with Britain.
There was silence in the large conference hall, and almost everyone's thoughts were following the changes in the pictures on the screen and the accompanying commentary.
After the Anjia Army entered India, the Political Department organized elite troops and mobilized professionals from major film studios to form several film crews to follow the army in an urgent manner and faithfully record the disasters that occurred on the land of India and the Anjia Army.
The officers and soldiers' coping methods and measures focus on describing the fearless performance of the officers and soldiers in rescuing the victims and handling the rotting corpses, demonstrating the spirit of sacrifice and dedication of the Anjia Army officers and soldiers.
At the same time, the film crew also conducted live filming of factories, enterprises, shops and some places of interest in the receiving area. All audio and video records were submitted to superior departments for editing and use to facilitate future political and economic decision-making.
What is now being screened in the large conference hall is a documentary filmed by a film team about the industrial situation in India, combined with the actual situation.
With the solemn and solemn voice of the commentators, these economic experts and soon-to-be leaders of factories and enterprises began to have an in-depth understanding of the start, development and glory of Indian industry, and gained more personal insights into the upcoming work.
Thoughts and insights.
India's industrialization began in the 1820s. At that time, China was still in the so-called "Jiaqing Zhongxing" period of the Manchu Qing Dynasty. Some small handicraft workshops such as silk reeling, cotton ginning, sugar refining, and textiles had already appeared in India.
There are a large number of coal mines and small steel plants using simple machinery and equipment purchased from Britain.
During the Opium War, Britain opened the door to China, and India also accelerated its development by virtue of its geographical location. Starting from the 1950s, the British and Indian governments built a large number of railways in India. British capitalists and those who made a fortune from China's opium trade
Indian businessmen began to set up larger-scale factories one after another.
In 1854, the British built the first jute textile factory near Calcutta and put it into production. In the same year, the Indian businessman and opium dealer Dawar established the first cotton spinning mill in Bombay. Subsequently, many jute textile factories and cotton spinning mills appeared in India.
, supporting this are a large number of small raw material processing enterprises.
By 1893, India had built 28 jute textile mills and 9,580 looms, employing nearly 70,000 workers. Jute products could be made into sacks and gun jackets, and had a large market in the United States, Europe, Australia and New Zealand. However, these factories
All are controlled by British capital.
India's cotton textile mills were mainly established in the Greater Bombay area, which includes present-day Gujarat, Maharastra and the southern region of Central Province. Among them, Tata, who also made a fortune from the opium trade,
family, established the "Queen's Textile Mills" in Nagpur, northeast of Mumbai, from the establishment of the factory in 1877 to the European War
In 1913, the year when the textile industry broke out, profits were as high as 24.24 million rupees. Due to the good profits, the Tata family built another factory in Mumbai in 1885 and named it "Swadeshi Textile Factory". By 1895, there were 72 factories in Mumbai.
Except for 14 cotton textile factories that were British-owned, the rest were all founded by Indian national capital.
In addition to the cities of Mumbai and Nagpur, Gujarat, centered on Ahmedabad, is also an area where the cotton textile industry is concentrated. The cotton textile industry is concentrated in Western India, mainly because it is far away from the cotton textile industry.
The production areas of Rajasthan, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh are very close, and the supply of raw cotton is extremely convenient, which can greatly reduce transportation costs.
At the end of the 19th century, the entire Bombay district, including the Gujarat region, had a total of 142 cotton textile mills, 3.65 million spindles, 31,100 looms, and 130,000 employed workers. The West Indian region has become the national capital of India.
’s birthplace.
Before the outbreak of World War I, the number of cotton textile mills in India increased to 264, with 6.62 million spindles and 96,700 looms. The cotton cloth produced in India was 420.6 billion yards in 1900 and increased to 12,141 yards in 1912.
The scale of India's cotton textile industry ranks first in Asia, surpassing Japan and China. At that time, Japan produced 2.54 million spindles, one-third of India's, while China only had 300,000 spindles.
, not even one-twentieth that of India.
With the massive construction of railways and telegraphs, India's demand for steel and coal has gradually increased.
In 1875, India's first steel company, the Bangladesh Steel Company, was mainly engaged in iron-making. In addition, it also built a few motorcycle repair factories, ordnance factories and cotton textile factories. In 1901, the Tata family, which made a fortune from running textile factories,
Started to prepare for the establishment of a metallurgical complex, and subsequently issued 1.63 million pounds of shares to establish a steel company in James Depur.
The production of steel began the following year, with an annual output of 160,000 tons of iron and 100,000 tons of steel. In addition to satisfying the domestic market, the products were also sold to countries such as China and Southeast Asia. The Tata family established the first cement factory in 1910, and in the same year
It also planned to build a hydropower station in Mumbai, and by 1914 it began to generate electricity. The Tata family quickly became the largest monopoly consortium in India.
In terms of mining industry, in 1911, India had 153 coal mines in Bengal Province alone, with a production of 11 million tons. By 1913, the production reached 18 million tons. In Central Province and Bilar, the first manganese mine was mined in 1892.
By 1911 there were already 2
0 mines, with output reaching 815,000 tons in 1913, ranking first in the world. There are 14 mica mines in Bihar and Orissa, and eight gold mines are being mined in Hyderabad and Mysore. None
With one exception, these mines are mined manually, with extremely low efficiency and safety.
From the perspective of large-scale production, plantations that employ agricultural workers can also be included in the industrial economy.
As early as 1833, in view of the importance of tea to Britain, the East India Company stole tea seedlings from China and tried planting them in Assam, India. The results were a great success. The tea area expanded to 2,000 acres in 1853, and by 1871
In 2008, the area had increased to 31,000 acres, and the output had increased from 3.66 million pounds to 6 million pounds. Indian tea was exported to Britain, gradually replacing Chinese tea.
Before the mid-19th century, almost all the tea consumed by Europeans was imported from China, and by the end of the 19th century, almost all was imported from India. In the British market, the sales volume of tea from India was more than five times that of Chinese tea.
Between 1909 and 1914, India's annual tea exports averaged 322 million pounds.
For the planting parks, the planting economy has almost become a unique production model for Indian economy crops.
The promotion of the British economy in World War I was undoubtedly huge.
Of course, the colonists have never been attentive. During the war, the United Kingdom recruited 1.5 million soldiers from India, more than 100,000 casualties, and at the same time, the military expenses of up to 30 million pounds per year were at their own expense.
Far -priced price of agricultural products and various raw materials from the world's market, transporting food, oil crops, raw silk, jaoseki, tea and fur. Colonial authorities also raided mining strategic supplies such as manganese ore, nitrogen 90,000
Tons, more than 6,000 tons of Yunmu Stone and a large amount of wood.
Because the Middle East Waterway was blocked by the German submarine, the British began to use India's industrial potential to meet the needs of the war. Britain sent a large number of engineers and technicians to go to India to help the Indian national capitalists build steel plants, shipyards, military factories, military factories
, Gunnex factory, chemical factory, refinery, cement plant, engine factory, car factory, locomotive factory, leather factory, shoe factory, service factory, etc. have created a complete system of basic industrial bases in India.
With India's military products appearing one after another, Britain's guns, ammunition, steel, bridge, rails, trains and locomotives needed by the British in the battlefield, African battlefields, and some European battlefields, basically all come from India.
Due to colonial plunder, the famine and plague spread. In just 1918, about 12 million people were killed, which is equivalent to the disappearance of all the population that naturally grew naturally after 1911. Due to the unclean lifestyle and the effects of famine, Indian plague in India's plague
It is traditional. Historically, the great plague that caused the decline in the Chinese Eastern Han Dynasty in 184, came from India. The direct consequence of this plague was the outbreak of the Yellow Turban Uprising, which brought about rare trouble in Chinese history until a few hundred.
After the year, the Sui Dynasty unified again.
By the end of World War I, there were four larger steel groups in India, but the largest was Tata Iron and Steel Corporation. During the war, Tata Steel Company provided British colonists with a 1500 -mile rail and 500,000 tons of steel.
In the past five years, the profit of 40 million rupees. In addition to the founding of hydropower companies in 1910, the Andra Power Supply Company and Tata Electric Power Company have been established in the war.
Supply of industrial and civilian electricity in Mumbai.
From the 1920s to the early 1930s, the Indian industry continued to develop. By 1930, the newly -built enterprises in the cotton textile industry increased by 95, the spinning ingots increased by 2.5 million, and the weaving of the weaving was 60,000 units.
The British and Indian authorities have vigorously promoted the development of India's heavy industry. By 1931, India's steel output had exceeded 3 million tons. The Tata Steel Factory alone was more than 1.5 million tons.
Most of them can manufacture 10,000 tons of ships.
In the industrial sugar industry, many large Indian joint-stock companies invested in the establishment of sugar factories. In 1932, 32 new sugar factories were opened. By 1935, there were 130 newly opened sugar factories, and the sugar production increased from 156,000 tons to
578,000 tons. Development of cement industry and sugar industry
Just as fast, the Tata family had already begun to establish the Indian Cement Company before World War I. In the 1920s, driven by the development of the construction industry, British and Indian capitalists competed to build cement plants, and there was a factory building boom. By 1935, Indian Cement could not only meet the needs of
It is needed domestically and exported to all over the world.
At the same time, jute, mining, chemicals, electrical appliances, automobiles, shoemaking, papermaking, grease, soap, tanning and transportation industries continue to develop, and Indian industry is booming.
From 1934 to the German invasion of Poland in 1938, the number of Indian national industrial enterprises increased from 10,000 to 15,000, with investments as high as 5 billion rupees. Taking the cotton textile industry as an example, the number of textile factories increased again by 37, and the number of spindles increased by 44.6
10,000 pieces, an increase of 8,000 textile machines, and an increase of 67,000 people in employment.
In addition, the output of coal, cement, chemicals, and sugar has increased significantly, and India has gradually developed into the world's sixth largest industrial entity.
After the documentary was screened, the lights in the conference hall came on one after another.
Zhou Chongan waited for everyone to discuss for a while, then walked to the podium, stood in front of the movie screen, and said loudly into the microphone:
"Although India's industry is developed, due to the influence of colonialism, the development of industry is very regional. For example, cotton textile factories, engine factories, motor factories, automobile factories, food manufacturing factories, etc. are mainly concentrated in the West India region, while steel
Companies, jute mills, sugar mills, and tea processing plants are mainly concentrated in the East India region. Of course, this division is not scientific, because it is only in Mumbai.
In the district, there is a steel factory with an annual output of 500,000 tons of steel and 6 jute factories, but the general trend is this. At the same time, due to the deliberate guidance of the colonists, India's industrial development is very imperfect. For example, they
There is no machinery factory known as the mother of industry. Almost all the machine tools, machinery and production lines used in factories are purchased from the UK and are greatly restricted by the UK!
"Therefore, our task this time is not just to accept it and put it into production, but also to work hard to make each enterprise operate quickly and healthily, to improve factory equipment and complete supporting facilities, so that these newly taken over enterprises can start from the very beginning.
It will radiate youth and vitality, instead of having problems of one kind or another at the end of the day, seriously delaying production!
"You don't need to know the property rights of these new factories, but in order to increase everyone's enthusiasm, I might as well tell you that every piece of machinery and equipment here has a share in it... In other words, these factories will
Once it is nationalized, the value it creates will be used to improve the welfare of the people, improve everyone's medical care and security, and also be used for infrastructure construction! In a word, the value created by these factories will be publicly owned by everyone!"
Warm applause suddenly came from the large conference room. Zhou Chongan waited for the applause to stop before continuing: "Different historical stages have different actual situations. Everyone here is an expert in economics. I believe everyone knows that Nanhua's industry
At the beginning, it was basically Jiangnan Group
Hechuan Nan Group took the lead, supplemented by a small amount of national capital and investment capital from Britain, France, Germany, the United States and other countries. Later, as the European consortium moved into Nanhua, a large number of Nanyang Chinese consortiums poured in, and the economy and industry experienced explosive development.
, but generally speaking, Sichuan South Group is still the dominant one.
"I have discussed this incident and Chairman An many times. A country does not have a certain state -owned enterprise controlled in hand. The economy is incomplete. Our South China start -ups and various economic systems must try it. Therefore, in principle, this time, this time this time
The companies that take over will be collected by state -owned. Of course, our nationalization is not plunder. So far, the Tata Consortium, the Billa Consortium, the Sille Consortium, the Dalmy Jain Consortium, the Valchang De Consortium, the Tower, the Tower,
Indian chaebols such as Pacific Troupe have not yet stood up to announce the ownership of these companies that we receive from the Shengshi. However, if someone takes out the voucher, we will use national funds for redemption.
"Because the war happened very suddenly, most of the companies here are still in the stage of conversion to peaceful production to the military industry. According to the plan, these factories will be fully taken over by the war production bureaus led by General Yequan.
To produce weapons and ammunition, require factory enterprises with conditional conditions, to formulate the process and process of producing weapons and ammunition in accordance with the tasks they are undertaken and existing equipment, and the tools and accessories required for manufacturing weapons and ammunition.
Mechanical products, raw materials and semi -finished products.
"During the war, the production bureaus will increase the number of new military technology equipment according to actual needs, reduce infrastructure projects that require a large amount of metal materials, as well as market commodity reserves, increase military factories and telephones, fuel industry, metal smelting industry, chemistry chemistry, chemistry
Industry and other companies ... These will be detailed in future work ... "
Zhou Chongan talked about it. Nearly a thousand listeners in the audience concentrated, meticulous, some people also simply took out their books and recorded it carefully.
At this moment, the door of the General Assembly Hall of the Conference was suddenly opened from the outside. An Yi, who was wearing a casual clothes, walked in.
It was An Yi, all stood excitedly, and the warm applause quickly sounded.
Zhou Chongan saw An Yi who disturbed his speech, and he had no choice but to follow people. Although An Yi said that he was his brother -in -law, he was the head of state. Under the promotion of the Political Department and the propaganda department, An Yi has become a
The spiritual idol of South China citizens cannot underestimate the role of the people's cohesion and centripetal force.
Emphasize the traditional relationship between humility and ethics, and pay attention to the ethics between people. Under the deliberate construction of the Ministry of Political and Publicity Department, under the rendering of Taoism, An Yi, who is the leader of South China, was rendered to rescue the people from suffering from suffering from suffering.
Heroes of the great hero quickly get the loyalty and support of the people.
An Yi knows the "idol" campaign set off by the Political Department and the Propaganda Department, but he has no intention of objection. In a new country, there are many ideas and many nations.
** -style publicity can condense people's hearts together and force in one direction. Wait until the future consultation, newspapers, television, network, and mobile communications appear.
It has been opened, and Anyi will consider letting go of *** gradually to speed up democracy.
An Yi waved his hand to the audience, and walked all the way to the podium all the way.
When An Yi turned his head, his gaze passed through the face of the people down one by one, and finally fell into the new war mobilization bureau of the new war mobilization bureau sitting next to Ye Ziquan. Nalan Piaoxue.
Six years have not seen, Nalan Flying Snow has reduced a lot, slightly rounded chin, seemed to be cut, deep and clear, a face that was originally very beautiful, a little more mature and stable, and seemed to be more even more.
Beautiful and moving.
According to the information on hand, after Nalan floats in the United States, under the arrangement of Zhong Yanzhai, who is in charge of international students' affairs, he first went to Harvard University Law School for three years, and then admitted to the newly established Harvard Political College for three or six years.
Policies, combining public administration, understanding various political claims, and finally figured out the problem that has troubled many years.
The previous year, Nalan Piaoxue obtained a dual master's degree. Zhang Ye personally arranged and served as a lawyer and policy consultant of Sarapova, general manager of the Ji Zongguo Bank.
Opinions of international policy publication.
With the establishment of a war -made production bureau in South China, this powerful department has the power to mobilize all resources, which can force enterprises to accept its supervision and management, collect private property, allocate raw materials, and stop the production of goods without rush to commodity.
During the month, the production bureaus had stopped the production of civilian products that needed iron and steel, which basically completed the task of transferring the economy into the overall battle.
However, because there are still many important departments that are not under the jurisdiction of the war production bureau, the military logistics department has continued to conflict with its decision -making power. To this end, Anyi decided
The Mobilization Bureau, considering repeatedly, finally appointed Nalan Piaoxue, the company and the government's unannounced, and the government.
The bureau aims to supervise the work of the production bureaus, the labor bureau during the war, the time of the wartime manpower committee, the economic war bureau, the industrial committee, and other institutions.
Although the demand between military and civilian organizations does not have the power to make a direct decision, it can be reported to Anyi at any time, and Anyi will make the final ruling.
Maybe some people want to say that this is too much too much, how can such an important department be handed over to a person who has been separated from the enterprise for a long time, the government and the army outside the enterprise, the government and the army?
The important reason for the position is because it has nothing to do with all aspects that the impact of the faction can be pulled away and calmly treats and analyzes the problem. Moreover, Nalan Piaoxue has not separated from control.
Under the high degree of monitoring, among the students who are in Nalan Snow, they will arrange agents with intelligence bureaus at any time to protect her safety on the one hand, and on the one hand, they are responsible for the leader Anyi.
The people around An Yi are very clear. There is a ambiguous relationship between Nalan Piaoxue and Anyi that is unknown. It is one of the few people who can approach Anyi.
Unwilling to have problems, so without mutual notifications, they sent their own backbones. Until An Yi remembered whether it was time to ask Nalan to return home, I wanted to adjust her situation in the United States.
The departments all came up with their own detailed reports to make An Yi cry and laugh, but they also better learned about the circle of friends and living conditions during Nalan Piaoxue.
During the study, Nalan Piaoxue was almost a school, the library and the student apartment spent, and I went to Huaqing Society for help on holidays to deal with some documents and archives. Nalan Piaoxue heard Lin Xiaotong.
After the fiancee, he deliberately made a deliberate relationship, and soon the three women became good friends.
After entering the work of the Bank of Hebang, Nalan Piaoxue fulfilled his duties well, put forward constructive opinions many times, helped the bank to avoid losses, and had unique insights in international affairs.
The appreciation of the 当 当. Of course, Zhang Ye also knew the ambiguous relationship between Nalan Piaoxue and Anyi. He did not hide his personal personality.
Lan Piaoxue attended the social activities of the U.S. high society and broadcasted her vision.
From the perspective of various aspects, Nalan Piaoxue is undoubtedly the ideal candidate of the Director of the Mobilization Bureau of the Wars, so An Yi's olive branches quickly passed to the United States, and they were selected by Nalan Piaoxue himself.
After being summoned by An Yi, Nalan Flying Snow had almost no hesitation, so he organized his home and returned to China, which made Anyi very pleased.
After looking at the eyes of Nalan Piaoxue and An Yi, a thin layer of water mist was covered in her eyes. An Yi suddenly had a sour nose, quickly turned her eyes, turned her head, sorry to Zhou Chongan and smiled, and then
Say to the staff:
"I have nothing to say. I believe the significance of this meeting and the huge role in promoting the current war situation after the start of the company.
The number of factory companies is also quite small! However, *** has a one -step step, successfully digested it, and serves them for their military expansion. I now ask you to bravely assume the heavy responsibility and incorporate the industry of Western India into our industry as soon as possible into our industry.
National Defense Industry System!
"Remember my requirements: whether these companies are surnamed or private, the welfare and treatment of workers must be consistent with the Nanhua factory.
It is necessary to ensure the living conditions of workers and improve the working environment. Many South China has proven to be standardized, three -class work, pre -repair and other systems must be unswervingly implemented. The essence of planned economic management is macro -control.
Turn your brains and coordinate with each other to ensure that there will be no idle production lines, make full use of existing resources, and make every effort to produce military products!
"Comrades, your responsibilities are glorious and sacred. Many of your people must formulate relevant management systems and coordinate the production progress of various factories. More people must go to the leadership of these newly -received factory companies
At work, I know that before that, you have undergone systematic training and have sufficient confidence in doing your new job! I will send four words here: seeking truth from facts! There is no right to speak without investigation.
If you solve the problem, in daily work, don't listen to partial trust. Everything must be investigated in actual investigation, so that you can come up with a specific method of solving the problem! "
Speaking of which, An Yi bowed deeply. While obtaining dense applause like a tide, he left the podium to Zhou Chongan and walked quickly.
When An Yi walked out of the conference hall, applause remained unknown.
~~~~~~~~~~~
***: This chapter quotes some Indian industrial data, mainly to pave the way for the next economic expansion. However, these are not simple shear, but that Tianzi integrates five or six historical books on India.
The crystallization was hit by the words of Tianzi!
Well, I suddenly found that the plague written in this writing is really possible if it is not controlled, and the chance is very high. Because of the World War II, India had a great plague and tens of millions of people died.
The Hindu history books have been confirmed! The only difference is that the fisherman is not the British this time, but the traverser Anyi!
While seeking subscriptions and ***, Tianzi reminded: When it is a management book review tomorrow, please leave a lot of messages and give chapters a lot of comments, good essence and reward points! Come on!