In the early morning of November 4, 1931, the Japanese army, under the cover of artillery and armored vehicles, dispatched more than 4,000 people to attack the Nen River Bridge. General Ma Zhanshan, then acting chairman of the Heilongjiang government and military commander-in-chief, immediately ordered the defenders to rise up.
Fighting back, a bloody battle broke out on the banks of the Nen River, which shocked China and other countries. By noon, the Japanese troops suffered heavy casualties and retreated to the south bank. At three o'clock in the afternoon, the enemy concentrated its forces again and attacked intensively.
The Zhanshan Division and other Japanese troops arrived 100 meters away and launched a fierce attack. Taking advantage of the chaos, they charged across the front and started a hand-to-hand battle with the Japanese troops. The Japanese planes and artillery were unable to do anything, and they had no choice but to defeat the Jiangqiao and were attacked by the reeds on the river bank.
The ambushing Chinese troops intercepted, and some Japanese troops fell into the quagmire, and some jumped into the river. Later reinforcements were also interrupted by Ma Zhanshan's cavalry on the bridge. One group retreated, and the other group was forced to flee to the left wing position.
annihilate.
After more than ten days of continuous fighting, the Japanese army suffered heavy losses. By the 19th, Ma Zhanshan led his troops to retreat to Keshan, Baiquan, and Helen. A total of more than 6,000 Japanese and puppet troops were killed and wounded, and more than 2,000 of his own casualties. This was the beginning of the battle.
The Battle of Jiangqiao was the first shot of armed resistance against the Japanese invaders.
General Ma Zhanshan's righteous deeds were highly praised and supported by the entire Chinese people, inspiring the patriotic enthusiasm of the Chinese people. Soon, amidst the turbulent wave of people across the country strongly demanding unity to resist Japan, oppose civil war, and oppose the policy of non-resistance, the Nanjing National Government
Both the government and the Guangzhou government expressed their willingness to "peacefully resolve the dispute between Ningxia and Guangdong" and "work together to deal with the outside world", and held a "peace conference" in Shanghai that attracted Chinese and foreign attention.
This "peace conference" did not achieve any substantive progress in several days of noisy talks. Ning and Guangdong talked about peace and the slogans were extremely loud, but the substantive differences became increasingly serious. The Nanjing National Government headed by Chiang Kai-shek and the Nanjing National Government headed by Jiang Jieshi
The contradiction between the Guangzhou government headed by Wang Jingwei became more and more acute. Finally, under the pressure of national public opinion and all parties, Ningxia and Guangdong compromised with each other and decided to take the issue to the "Fourth National Congress of the Kuomintang" held by the two governments respectively.
Discuss and resolve.
The Fourth Plenary Session of the Nanjing National Government was held in Nanjing in mid-November. The Guangzhou Government's meeting was held later and lasted longer, starting from November 18th to the end of the month.
After Gu Yingfen, the standing committee member of the Guangzhou government who acted as the mediator, died due to an accidental tooth extraction, Chen Jitang, the head coach of the Guangdong army who had no restraint, tried his best to squeeze out the forces of Wang Jingwei and Sun Ke, who had no soldiers, no guns and only a big mouth, for half a century.
After many months of meetings, conflicts between Chen Jitang's forces, Li Zongren's forces, and Wang Jingwei's forces, all under the Guangzhou government, finally intensified. Stools were thrown and bottles were thrown, and bottles were thrown around. As many as a dozen representatives were injured.
Wang Jingwei and his supporters are all scholars with pens and weak hands. Although they cannot defeat Chen Jitang and the powerful warriors of Li Zongren Group at the meeting, they are extremely strong-willed and have full endurance. Today's meeting is often the result of noisy
The physical fight ended in vain, and everyone returned with bruises and swollen faces, dejected and dejected.
At home, they showed up at the meeting on time in high spirits the next day, continuing to argue and yell. Some representatives whose heads were smashed by benches, bottles, and teacups were bleeding profusely, and they quickly treated their wounds and immediately went out to attend the meeting.
, whose firm belief even made the military generals who threw wine bottles and smashed stools secretly admired him.
Relatively speaking, the Fourth Plenary Session held in Nanjing seemed more polite and pragmatic. In order to win the hearts and minds of the people and thwart the Guangzhou government's conspiracy, Chiang Kai-shek expressed his stance on the Japanese invasion of Northeast China for the first time at the meeting - Chiang Kai-shek was unwilling to insist on resisting Japan.
General Ma Zhanshan, the military commander-in-chief of Heilongjiang Province, and his officers spoke highly of it, proposed to appoint Ma Zhanshan as chairman of Heilongjiang Province, and made a special speech:
"On the one hand, we sincerely believe in the League of Nations and hope that the League of Nations can support justice and uphold justice. However, on the other hand, we must make practical preparations at home. We expect that Japan will not withdraw from the three northeastern provinces lightly, and we also expect that Japan will not withdraw from the three northeastern provinces.
Dalian and Port Arthur cannot be handed back to China, so we can only rely on the ability of the people and justice in the world. We must have the final determination - what is the final determination? It is the determination to shed blood and sacrifice one's life for justice!"
Although Chiang Kai-shek's public statement still pinned his hopes on the League of Nations and European and American powers, it alleviated the crime and pressure of "non-resistance" to a certain extent. Zhang Xueliang, who publicly ordered the Northeast Army not to resist, became the only person to be denounced nationwide.
The target, and the prestige of the Wang Jingwei Group, which only competes for power and gains, and bickers endlessly without taking any practical actions, has also been greatly reduced.
Seeing that the situation was not going well, the Wang Jingwei Group panicked and even sent out a call to commend Ma Zhanshan in the name of the Guangzhou government. It also announced the appointment of Ma Zhanshan as the governor of Heilongjiang Province. It did not care whether General Ma Zhanshan himself wanted it or not. There were several soldiers and civilians across the country.
I believe in the legitimacy and implementation capabilities of Wang Jingwei's government.
Zhang Fakui, a military supporter of Wang Jingwei's group, was deeply disappointed by this. In anger, he ignored his ally Li Zongren and Tang Shengzhi's hard dissuasion and publicly stated that as long as the country and the nation needed it, he would immediately lead his Fourth Army northward to fight against the Japanese invaders.
Fight to the death!
Zhang Fakui's heroic military spirit at this time won applause from the whole country. However, if he really wanted to bring the three divisions of the Fourth Army stationed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Guangxi to the north, he would not have the full support of Wang Jingwei, nor the financial resources of Chen Jitang and Li Zongren.
With the help of Zhang Fakui, even if he wanted to kill the enemy, he could not move forward and was helpless.
Fortunately, Chiang Kai-shek's "final determination" only heard the thunder but not the raindrops. He cleverly won over Chen Shuming's 19th Route Army stationed in Fujian and northeastern Guangdong, and appointed Chen Shuming, who was acceptable to both Ningbo and Guangdong, as the commander of the Beijing and Shanghai garrison.
nineteen
All the army troops were transferred to Nanjing, Shanghai and the Beijing-Shanghai line to be stationed on guard. Apart from that, no further action was taken. A large number of main troops remained in Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Fujian and Hubei to encircle and suppress the Communist troops. This gave Wang Jingwei a chance to breathe and fight back.
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But no matter how Chiang Kai-shek mobilized his troops, the Red Army did not diminish, but became stronger: In November of this year, the First National Congress of the Chinese Workers’, Peasants’ and Soldiers’ Soviets was held in Yeping, Ruijin, Jiangxi, and adopted the political platform and the constitution.
, land law, labor law, economic policy, Red Army issues and other cases, election of Mao Zedong, Xiang Ying, Zhang Guotao, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Qu Qiubai, Peng Dehuai, He Long, Kong Hechong,
Lin Biao, Wang Jiaxiang and other sixty-three people were members of the Central Executive Committee, announcing the establishment of the provisional government of the "Soviet Republic of China", issuing an external declaration, and changing Ruijin to Ruijing; the Second Congress of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet District organized the Hubei-Henan-Anhui District Soviet Government, the Red Army
The Fourth Front Army was established, with Xu Xiang as commander and Chen Changhao as general political commissar. The Fourth and Twenty-fifth Army had a total of 30,000 people under their jurisdiction, and its Red Guards numbered more than 200,000.
At the same time that the suppression of the Communist Party was frustrated, various domestic warlords and forces that had been suppressed by Chiang Kai-shek once again united to openly oppose Chiang. They secretly collaborated with Wang Jingwei, Sun Ke, Zou Lu, Tang Shengzhi, Chen Youren and others of the Guangzhou government, and all agreed with the Guangzhou government.
He advocated anti-Chiang ideas and frequently called on Chiang Kai-shek to step down.
People everywhere saw that the Nanjing central government and the Commander-in-Chief of the National Revolutionary Army, Chiang Kai-shek, had not sent troops north to expel the Japanese invaders. As a result, the Japanese army greatly accelerated the pace of aggression. In despair, they all asked Chiang Kai-shek to step down and comply with the reorganization of the central government proposed by all walks of life.
's voice.
This result made Chiang Kai-shek furious, but he was unable to save himself. He could only suppress his anger in his stomach and make arrangements for himself to go out again and secretly retreat.
Not only people from all walks of life across the country were extremely disappointed with Chiang Kai-shek, but An Yi was also extremely disappointed. During more than a month in Nanchang, in addition to going to the camp every day to have a meeting, he was extremely disappointed with all the efforts of the Red Army to encircle and suppress the Red Army.
They ignored and paid no attention to the military plan, and did not pay attention to any of Yang Yongtai's policy plans.
He Yingqin and Yang Yongtai, who were extremely wary of An Yi at first, breathed a sigh of relief when they saw that An Yi was unwilling to interfere in various affairs. They wished that An Yi would not even come to the camp office.
On the surface, An Yi is busy every day conducting research and exchanges with the consultants of the advisory group and visiting various ministries. In fact, he takes time to go to Nanchang Airport every day to learn the principles of flight from his aviation team captain and American engineer Hughes.
and airplane pilots. Almost every other day, under the guidance of Huang Xunyi, a good teacher, he went to the sky for a walk, euphemistically called it to detect the enemy's situation.
After a month of study and operation practice, An Yi finally flew into the blue sky under the guidance of Huang Xuyi, and reluctantly returned to land after almost running out of fuel.
Every night, An Yi would return to his home in old Nanchang, either to process the intelligence sent by the Nanchang Intelligence Headquarters, or to reply to the generals of each division one by one, secretly giving instructions, urging all departments to train hard and make full preparations, and to go at full speed once the war started.
On the battlefield, people are often so busy that they still can't rest until the early morning of the next day.
In response to the eagerness of various ministries to fight, An Yi issued strict requirements to the indignant and impatient old subordinates: train hard, build up morale, be able to fight when you come, and win when you fight!
On the evening of December 20, Chiang Kai-shek suddenly sent a secret message to An Yi, ordering An Yi to rush back to Nanjing the next morning.
An Yi received the telegram and thought about it for a long time. After detailed analysis with his close brothers such as Lao Dao and Liu Hao, he finally understood that Chiang Kai-shek was going to step down again.
Just after eight o'clock the next morning, Huang Xuyi flew An Yi and Shen Fengdao to Nanjing Airport. Qian Dajun, the director of the attendant's office, was already waiting there. An Yi saw that the person who came to pick him up turned out to be the old chief Qian Dajun.
Instead of the brothers in the attendant's room, they immediately realized the seriousness and urgency of the problem. After getting into the car, they asked Qian Dajun: "I bothered Chief Qian to come to greet him in vain. An Yi feels guilty and uneasy! Sir, has the situation changed?"
Qian Dajun looked at An Yi thoughtfully for a long time, shook his head, sighed, and explained in a low voice: "I'm afraid that at the opening of the first meeting of the fourth session the day after tomorrow, the principal will announce his resignation.
Nowadays, the principal is suffering from internal and external troubles, and is besieged on all sides! Facing the surging public opinion and opposition, our subordinates are powerless and can only endure it silently... The reason why I have called you back so urgently is because in addition to the complex southwest region, we need to further
In addition to consolidation, the principal has made proper arrangements for many matters after leaving office. Only you can handle the southwest direction. Only your 24th Army and the Southern Sichuan Guard Force are all from our Huangpu lineage. There is no one else to rely on, and it is really difficult to rest assured.
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In addition, in order to show your attitude and firm determination to resist the war, the principal initially plans to urgently transfer the two main divisions of your 24th Army eastward. One division will be stationed in the Liuhe Camp of the Independent Division in Hu Jialin, and the other will be temporarily stationed in Jiujiang to prevent sudden changes.
.An Yi, the principal has always trusted you and cultivated you with great pains, but you can’t let the principal’s heart go cold!”
An Yi nodded: "Sir, the principal shouldn't leave. Once the principal leaves, everything will be in chaos! Wang Jingwei and his gang are arguing among themselves, so how can there be any talk of reorganizing a new government? I'm afraid the Japanese are eager for us.
The more chaotic the government, the better, and we hope our leaders will rotate around like a lantern, which will be more conducive to their aggression."
"Why don't I know? However, under the current circumstances, it is impossible for the principal to leave! If the principal does not leave, all forces will have a target to target, and they can temporarily give up their differences and oppose the principal under the same interests.
As long as the principal announces his resignation, their fist will be in vain. In this chaotic situation, with such divided people's hearts, who else can control the overall situation except the principal? Just watch it slowly, I'm sure this group of people can't wait for the principal to live forever.
People who live in seclusion will rush to shirk their responsibilities when encountering problems. The conflicts within the major forces and among the warlords will intensify and become public. At that time, these people will slap themselves in the mouth and ask the principal to be honest.
Come back and clean up the mess.
Our Chinese politicians are so short-sighted and eager for quick success, you should have seen it clearly after so many years." Qian Dajun smiled bitterly.
An Yi smiled helplessly, and then asked respectfully: "Old sir, do you have anything else to remind your subordinates?"
"No, you are very smart. You also gave He Jingzhi and Yang Changqing a lot of face in Nanchang this time. The principal praised you. The only dissatisfaction is that you did not help the ministries to encircle and suppress the Red Army militarily. With your An Yi's talent
, do not cast
It's a waste to come out. But we all know your difficulties, and we know that you don't want to offend He Jingzhi and the generals of the bandit suppression army, so we just don't talk about it and protect ourselves. There is no other way. I can understand you." Qian Dajun.
smiled.
"Thank you, sir!" An Yi thanked him gratefully.
Qian Dajun shook his head: "Don't thank me. We all come from the same Huangpu family, so there is no need to be so polite... By the way, Dai Yunong investigated a major opium smuggling case the day before yesterday, and was accidentally reported by Shanghai's "Oriental News" and "Declaration"
Waiting for major newspapers to know
, reporters came in droves, competing to report, and even asked to interview Nanchang Garrison Division Major General Dong Qihui, who secretly carried more than 2,000 kilograms of opium on a military transport ship to Shanghai in the name of transporting military supplies, causing public resentment and continuous condemnation.
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At this time, the principal was already under a lot of pressure, and someone actually did such a thing. Fortunately, Dai Yunong was thoughtful and refused the reporter's request, and quickly secretly escorted Dong Qihui to the Nanjing Military Prison. He was probably going to be publicly executed tomorrow to vent the public's anger.
This Dong Qihui is your old subordinate. He has made meritorious deeds and received awards. He is very good at leading troops in war. If he had not made a mistake, he might have a bright future. What a pity!"
An Yi was submissive, turning his head to the side to look at the scenery on the street, but there was a cold light in his eyes - the traitor dies. Dong Qihui was doomed to this outcome when he left Xia Jian and took refuge in He Yingqin!