Chapter 506: Compilation of New Laws and Printing Techniques
Chapter 506 The new printing method is published
Liu Zhang did not bother much about reforming the law. After all, he studied law in his previous life. When he was in school, he was an encyclopedia of law. He once recited all the criminal law and civil law articles. Although more than thirty years later, he has already
He couldn't recite all the laws he had memorized before, but he could still retrieve a lot of memories through the Han laws. What's more, the laws of the Han Dynasty cannot be said to be unsound, but there were some indiscriminate punishments and civilians.
"Criminal law is a law that stipulates crimes, criminal liability and punishment. It is the ruling class that controls the power, in order to safeguard the political dominance and economic interests of its own class, and stipulates which behaviors are crimes and should bear criminal responsibility according to its class will.
What kind of criminal punishment should be given to criminals..." In the meeting hall of Qin Gong's residence, Liu Zhang was giving lessons to several future officials of the Ministry of Justice such as Tian Feng and Xin Pi. Of course, Zhuge Liang, the future prime minister, was indispensable!
"Lord, your law seems to be a little different from Han law!" Tian Feng listened to Liu Zhang's explanation very carefully, but Liu Zhang summarized the principles of the law, which he felt was very novel!
You must know that illegal activities are classified very delicately in the Han Code. The basic content of the "Nine Chapter Code" is derived from the "Qin Code", but it is found in the six chapters of the Qin Code: "The Code of Robbery", "The Code of Thieves" and "The Code of Prisoners".
, on the basis of "Laws of Catching", "Miscellaneous Laws" and "Lvs of Ju", three chapters were added: "Laws of Households", "Laws of Xing" and "Laws of Stables", combined into nine chapters, almost covering criminal law and civil law.
Later, "Yue Gong Lv", "Chao Lv" and "Pang Lv" were added to strengthen centralization and standardize court etiquette, somewhat similar to the constitution! Today, Liu Zhang does not follow the classification method of Han Lv. Although Tian Feng
He could understand it, but he also found it novel. He didn't expect that Liu Zhang was also a master of Legalism!
"Of course it's different!" Liu Zhang said with a smile: "I divide the laws into three major categories. Although they look more general than Han Code, they are very scientific and systematic. At least, with my laws, the sentences will not be too harsh or too harsh.
Light! Just talking about civil cases, the officials who handle the cases always act according to their own preferences. Even if there is no need for punishment, they will beat the parties involved. As a result, after the case occurs, the parties involved would rather settle privately."
"That's true!" Tian Feng is also a master of criminal law. After listening to Liu Zhang's words, he nodded with a smile and said: "Not only that, he will often beat him into submission."
"It's not a problem to get beaten up. Those who were beaten were 10% guilty of serious crimes. But it's obviously a chicken, and it's an IOU, but it has to be punished dozens of times. Isn't it unjust? I think
Let the people under the rule go to the yamen to solve their problems, instead of solving them privately, so that the Han Dynasty can be more prosperous and harmonious!" I remember that after the founding of New China, literacy was the first major thing, and the second major thing was to popularize legal knowledge. Liu Zhang
People who study law naturally know the importance of law!
"What my lord said is true!" Tian Feng nodded, feeling that Liu Zhang's words were reasonable, but he still felt that there was a big problem, so he asked: "My lord, even if a new law is enacted, the county magistrate will still need to implement it.
But not all county officials today understand the law! Isn’t it a big problem if no one enforces the law?”
"Why do we need county officials to understand the law?" Liu Zhang said with a smile: "We first formulate the law, and then recruit a group of people who understand the law to study the law. Later, we will establish branches of the Ministry of Justice in various counties and counties in Han Dynasty and strive to expand to the countryside. Treat the people
If you want to file a lawsuit, go to the criminal branch, the county magistrate does not need to know the law!"
Tian Feng frowned and said, "Doesn't that mean we want to deprive the county magistrate of his rights?"
"If you can't control and use the rights, why should you be polite to them?" Liu Zhang sneered: "Not only judicial power, but also taxation, theft and other rights, I will strip them from the hands of local officials and let them only handle government affairs. As for stripping them away
The rights to come out are handed over to the ministries! Taxation is handed over to the Ministry of Household Affairs, and public security is handed over to the Ministry of War. The ministries are not subordinate to each other, and the powers are separated to avoid constraints! "
"Wonderful!" Zhuge Liang said with a smile, stroking his palms: "My lord, a great talent, actually thought of such a method. No wonder you want to use the cabinet system. It turns out there are such benefits!"
"If it's just like this, what kind of good system is it?" Liu Zhang said: "When each ministry is established, the ministers and ministers of each ministry will form a cabinet. Everything must be discussed by the cabinet first, and then decided by the prime minister and reported to the emperor. In this way
Not only will it not reduce the centralization of power, but it will also reduce the emperor’s work. This will prevent the emperor from being incompetent and neglecting government affairs, or from being overburdened with affairs and exhausting the emperor and prime minister to death!”
"That's it!" Zhuge Liang suddenly realized. He knew that Liu Zhang was the master of the Ming Dynasty, otherwise he would not have followed him, but he did not expect that Liu Zhang had such a deep study of systems and laws. He couldn't help but be impressed! A capable monarch who can delegate power.
, more worthy of loyalty than Liu Bei, a monarch who only delegates power but has no ability!
"My lord, when will your reforms begin? I can't wait!" Xin Pi is also well versed in law. After listening to Liu Zhang's words, he couldn't help but feel a little itchy in his heart.
"No rush!" Liu Zhang said with a smile: "Zhiji, we will start when we are all ready. The first is the law, then the court structure, and finally the system. In the system, the most important thing is to open courses and select scholars! When the time comes,
The aristocratic family will strongly backlash, what do you Xin family say?"
"No need to ask, naturally we followed Qin Gong!" Xin Pi said with a smile: "Our Xin family has now been dispersed to various states and counties. We have the shops and fields given to us by Qin Gong, so our survival is not a problem. Master Mi and Master Zhen are harmonious.
I have talked about business matters, but you are not doing business, you are just sending money to the Xin family. If I don't know what is good, then your hard work will be in vain!"
"As long as you can understand!" Liu Zhang said with a smile: "The road of reform is most afraid of not being understood. As long as you can understand my painstaking efforts, we can persevere no matter how difficult it is!"
"Don't worry, Mr. Qin, we will understand!" Everyone looked at Liu Zhang with smiles on their faces, and began to study the law again. He carefully introduced the criminal law, civil law, and constitution to everyone. Liu Zhang also compared the laws he remembered with the Han Code
Combining them together, I want to sort out the outline of the three laws. As for the terms, they can only be improved slowly!
Although it feels like working behind closed doors, modern laws are much more complete than ancient laws. Combined with national conditions, it is not too abrupt. However, some words are not understandable by Tian Feng and others. After studying for more than a month, Liu Zhang and others finally
Three legal outlines were researched, and before everyone could jump for joy, even greater good news came!
"Husband!" After working hard for more than a month, Liu Zhang was about to let everyone go back and have a good rest, when Zhang Ning came with a big belly!
"Madam?" Liu Zhang asked with a frown, "What are you doing here?"
"It seems that my husband doesn't welcome me!" Zhang Ning's face was aggrieved, his eyes were red, and he seemed about to cry.
"We are discussing important matters. You are pregnant, why are you here?" Liu Zhang's eyes widened, and Zhang Ning did not dare to act coquettishly.
"I also have something important to do!" Zhang Ning said: "Mr. Huang asked me to tell you that the printing technology you want to develop has been developed!"
"What?" Liu Zhang said with great joy: "The research has been really done? It's been almost two years. Didn't you say that you didn't have any clues? Why did you suddenly make progress?"
"Because my husband has a master under his command!" Zhang Ning said with a smile: "However, I won't tell my husband who he is, because Mr. Huang wants to recommend him personally!"
"Okay!" Liu Zhang stood up with a smile and said: "Everyone, today is a double blessing. I will introduce something new in the meeting hall tomorrow! Kong Ming, please inform me that everyone must be present at the meeting tomorrow, unless they are seriously ill and cannot afford it!"
"Yes, I understand!" Zhuge Liang bowed and retreated. He also wanted to know the magic of movable type printing. Others would only know it tomorrow. He could go home and ask his wife. Zhuge Liang left, and the others had nothing else to do. He also bowed and left. In the hall, Liu Zhang was left happily hugging Zhang Ning with a silly smile on his face.
The next day, Liu Zhang arrived at the meeting hall early, earlier than everyone else. Looking at the empty hall, he felt a little uneasy in his heart. What he wanted to do would almost speed up the process of history by hundreds of years. He would not He can guarantee whether he can succeed, because since he defeated Yuan Shao, he doesn't know the direction of history. However, no matter whether he succeeds or not, he will give it a try!
"See you, my lord!" After entering the hall, he saw Liu Zhang already sitting on it. The circles under his eyes seemed to be a little dark, as if he had not slept all night. The diligent Zhuge Liang was a little surprised.
"No gifts!" Liu Zhang said with a smile: "You should know what we are going to show you today!"
"My subordinates know it!" Zhuge Liang was also a little excited when talking about movable type printing. He sighed: "After hearing my wife's introduction, that thing is simply amazing!"
"There will be more magical things in the future!" Liu Zhang said with a smile: "With paper and movable type printing, it is the beginning of my Han civilization. The first thing I want to print is the newly compiled law!"
"Lord, don't you want to print books?" Zhuge Liang said very puzzledly: "I heard that you have built the school and will start recruiting students just after the books are printed. What laws are you printing now?"
"I decided to use law as a textbook for students!" Liu Zhang sighed: "Why don't the people trust the government? It's because there are too many corrupt officials! I want all people to know what the law is, so that those corrupt officials can no longer take advantage of the people. Ignorance. Only in this way can the world have long-term peace and stability! Since we want to popularize the law, it is best to start with children! Children understand the law, how can adults not understand it!"
"This..." Zhuge Liang frowned and said, "My lord, the idea is very good, but the law is too profound and is not suitable for enlightenment reading!"
"Don't worry, how can there be less enlightenment books?" Liu Zhang said with a smile: "I will write two articles later as enlightenment books for children!"
"Ah..." Zhuge Liang stared at Liu Zhang dumbfounded. He really didn't know that Liu Zhang could write articles. However, before he could ask, the ministers had already arrived one after another. He couldn't say anything more, but his eyes were a little weird...