Lang: The general name for the emperor's attendants. "郞" is the ancient word "corridor", which refers to the corridor of the palace. The responsibilities of the Lang officer were originally to protect the attendants and provide advice, prepare advisors and dispatches at any time. It was first established during the Warring States Period and was followed by the Qin and Han Dynasties.
, there are Yi Ling, Zhong Ling, Shi Ling, and Ling among other names. In the Qin and Han Dynasties, it originally belonged to the Ling Zhongling (later changed to Guang Luxun). There was no fixed number of members. They were either selected by Ren Zi, qualifications, or by literature and skills.
During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Shangshutai was the center of government affairs, and those who were assigned to serve in different positions were generally called Shangshu Lin. Their scope of responsibilities was different from that of the Lang officials in the past. In later generations, Shi Lang, Lang Zhong, and Yuan Wai Lang were the important positions of each ministry. "Prison Miscellaneous Notes"
"There are many good people in the fourteen divisions, including the chief and deputy officers, as well as the clerks, prison officers, and jailers. If there are few connections, there will be many connections." In the early Qing Dynasty, the Ministry of Punishment established fourteen divisions.
The chief officers of each department are called Linzhong, and the deputy chiefs are called Yuanwailing. They are collectively called "Lingguan".
Shi Lang: official name. In Qin and Han Dynasty, the subordinate officials of Lin Zhongling were Shi Lang, who were originally close servants of the palace. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, ministers' subordinate officials were called Lang Zhong at the first appointment, after one year they were called Shangshu Lang, and after three years they were called Shi Lang.
After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the ministers under Zhongshu and the ministries under the Shangshu Province all took Shi Lang as the deputy to the chief, and their official positions gradually improved. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, they were promoted to the second rank, and they were the officials of each ministry together with the Shangshu. In the Tang Dynasty, Han Yu once
He served as the Minister of the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of War, and the Ministry of Personnel. "Shi Shi Biao" "Shi Zhong, Shi Lang Guo Youzhi, Fei Yong, Dong Yun, etc., all of them are good and honest, and their aspirations are loyal and pure." Dong Yun is the Shi Lin. "Tan Sitong": "
On the first day of the eighth lunar month, the superior met Yuan Shikai and offered a special reward to his attendant Liang.