The steel rolling mill of Ma Niao Iron and Steel Complex is very large and very modern according to the standards of this time and space. Because almost all its main equipment was installed after being unloaded from the ship. However, according to the standards of old time and space, this steel rolling mill is
It is a typical backward production capacity that should be eliminated. According to several well-informed industrial veterans, once you walk in, you feel like you have returned to the township steel factory in the 1990s. Even the supporting power equipment is powered by steam engines---
Before the power grid layout was established, all regions relied on their own urban power plants to provide power, and even civilian electricity could not be fully guaranteed. Therefore, many small steel plants in towns and villages at that time used steam engines as power. The most successful private steel company in China
The steam engine originally used by Shagang Group to drive the rolling mill was used.
Continuous casting and rolling are things that the veterans of the metallurgical industry dare not think of, so this steel rolling mill uses steel ingots for processing and also forges wrought iron. Several huge wrought iron truss-type workshops are equipped with the main components of the steel rolling mill.
Rolling equipment: 2 preliminary forging machines, 2 hot rolling mills, 2 hot punching machines, 2 cold rolling steel mills, 2 cold drawn steel pipe machines, 2 cold drawn bar machines, 2 cold rolled steel pipe machines
.It can roughly cold-roll and hot-roll various commonly used specifications of steel plates, strips, wire rods and various types of steel.
Although the equipment is fully equipped, most of the equipment is not used frequently - firstly, there are very few workers who can use these equipments, and even if the veterans can use them, there are not many people, so it takes a long time to accumulate skilled workers; secondly, the steel rolling mill needs
The supporting equipment is very complex, including annealing, pickling and a series of supporting projects, which seriously hinder the full-load operation of the equipment. Finally, both hot rolling and cold rolling require lubricating oil and coolant. Although it is simply said that Lingao Industry
Substitutes for these things are currently available, but in addition to the open supply of cooling water, other grease lubricants are restricted by supply quotas. Therefore, many equipment are in a state of starting and stopping. Technical requirements for cold rolling
Compared with hot rolling, the post-processing requires a very high technical level. The yield rate of cold rolling in the rolling mill has never been high. This is why Ji Wusheng decided to only manufacture hot-rolled silicon steel plates.
The process of hot-rolled silicon steel plates is also very complex, and the production cycle is as long as 12 to 15 days. If silicon steel sheets are produced for transformers, the time may be as long as 20 days. Therefore, an annealing furnace must be specially equipped to avoid long-term occupation. These supporting equipment
The manufacturing and debugging took a long time for the steel complex.
During hot rolling, the one-time heating rolling method is used. The silicon steel ingot is loaded into the heating furnace for preheating. The temperature of the heating furnace should be maintained at 950c ~ 1020c, so that the final rolling temperature can be roughly controlled above 700c.
The heating furnace uses a chain type. The thermal efficiency of this type of heating furnace is not high. The advantage is uniform heating, which is more suitable for an industrial level such as Lingao. However, silicon steel plate rolling has very high requirements for uniform heating. It is helpless to lose some thermal efficiency.
s Choice.
First, the silicon steel ingot is rolled into a billet of a certain size through a rolling mill. It is first rolled into a thin slab using a horizontal rolling mill, and then hot rolled. In this way, the slab tolerance can be controlled to a level of ±0.3mm, which roughly meets the tolerance control requirements.
After the slabs are rolled and formed, they are stacked and formed according to a certain number of blocks, and then the slabs are heated to the rated temperature in the heating furnace for formal hot rolling.
After hot rolling, natural stack cooling must be carried out first. However, this process is not good for decarburization, so the veteran technicians of the metallurgical port chose the rapid water cooling technology once used by Shanghai Silicon Steel Plant. The hot-rolled silicon steel sheets are processed in 10
It is plunged into water for rapid cooling within seconds. This process not only reduces the natural cooling time, but also greatly improves the level of decarbonization.
However, since being put into water is equivalent to one quenching, the hardness of the steel plate will be greatly increased. This has little effect on motor silicon steel, but will affect the machining performance of transformer silicon steel with higher silicon content, so it is only used in motor silicon steel.
of production.
After cooling, the silicon steel plate is manually lifted for the first composition inspection to determine whether the element content is appropriate. It is then hot-rolled and flattened, and finally enters the annealing furnace for annealing.
Annealing is a key step in the decarburization of silicon steel plates. The carbon content of silicon steel plates must be reduced to 0.02% during the annealing process to be considered qualified. The veterans of the industry unanimously believe that in Lingao, this condition can be relaxed - no matter what.
They are all stronger than low carbon steel. The stacking method is still used during annealing. The annealing furnace of Ma'an Steel Rolling Mill uses gas as fuel for heating - if you are strict, you can use pure hydrogen for heating and annealing, which has the best decarburization effect. Ji Wusheng can only satisfy
Lost in gas
During annealing, the temperature is gradually raised to 690c~750c at a rate of 15c~30c per hour, then maintained for 11 hours, and then lowered to complete cooling at a rate of 10c~15c per hour.
The temperature control of the annealing furnace is very labor-intensive. Lingao Industry does not have automatic temperature control equipment. It relies entirely on manual inspection of the thermometer to increase or decrease the air volume of the heating nozzle to control the temperature. It is difficult to achieve accurate temperature control in a small range.
After struggling like this for twenty days, the first batch of silicon steel sheets for motors were produced. Ji Wusheng immediately sent people to Ge Xinxin for spectrographic composition analysis.
The composition analysis results were unsatisfactory. According to the standards of the old time and space, the metallurgical department worked hard for several months and spent a lot of manpower and material resources to produce the silicon steel sheets that were scraps. Then they conducted a magnetic test. The results were even more horrific. Among them, the magnetic properties were
The best part of the test results are also unsatisfactory. The veterans of the electric power outlet who are eagerly looking forward to the silicon steel sheets are like pouring cold water on them and holding ice in their arms: most of the silicon steel sheets that have been made with great efforts do not even have the national standard or brand number.
No, about 10% are barely enough to be low-grade silicon steel. The most tragic thing is that about 20% of the finished products have mechanical problems and are scraps that cannot be processed.
This is the first time in the industrial history of Lingao that such a failed trial production has occurred. However, the veterans of the metallurgical industry know that there is not much effort to do this. To further improve the quality, they can only wait for the overall industrial level to rise to a higher level and then slowly explore improvements.
Already.
"This is too much trouble for the electrical machinery industry." Qian Liushi said with a sad face when he saw the test report.
Faraday was not as pessimistic as him: "I think it's okay. No matter what, something is better than nothing. That's the first one. Secondly, the worst one is better than low carbon steel, isn't it?"
"You're right, but with this kind of capability, is it possible for you to copy off-the-shelf motor designs?" Qian Liushi said, "I think it's very suspicious."
"Although these silicon steel sheets are not the silicon steel sheets we hoped for, they are still not low carbon steel." Faraday said, "Of course, they are only limitedly better than the silicon steel sheets. But it is finally a hope. Only when you have a baby will you have hope, right? Low
From carbon steel to silicon steel, it is a qualitative leap. We must first work hard to adapt to the existing conditions."
"That's all. It's just that the motor may need to be redesigned." Qian Liushi said, "Silicon steel sheets are good for this. Let's not make too complicated expectations. How do you plan to solve the permanent magnets of the permanent magnet motor?"
"I checked the information and found that Shilu iron ore is magnetite with a purity of 42%, which is a very good sintering raw material for ferric oxide. You can use this to make permanent magnets first. Of course, the efficiency is a bit poor, but ours
Unbranded silicon steel sheets are ready to be launched, let alone nothing."
"The Shilu Iron Mine has not yet been developed. And I heard that external transportation is difficult, so the Planning Institute did not include it in the first five-year plan."
Although since the stable supply of slaves from Southeast Asia has been available, more than one elder has suggested moving the development of Shilu into the First Five-Year Plan, and after Operation Engine, some elders have brought it up again. However, the Planning Institute has always vetoed this.
The main difficulty in the development of Shilu Iron Mine is not mining, but the transportation of iron ore - Shilu Iron Mine is located in the mountains. Not only is it not close to the sea like Tiandu, it is also surrounded by rugged mountains. It must be
Only by building railways can large-scale external transportation be carried out. In the beginning, the Japanese built the Eighth Route by relying on human lives.
If it only cost human lives to build a connection from Shilu to Basuo or Shilu to Tiandu, the Planning Institute would not hesitate. But the huge material consumption of building railways made Wu De flinch, let alone
There are some engineering problems - such as how to construct tunnels. Moreover, Hachiso is not a natural harbor and must be artificially repaired before ore ships can use it.
For now, the Planning Institute can only be content with building a simple road to Shilu in Changhua to provide basic transportation between the two places and ensure the influence of the Senate on this area.
"That's true." Qian Liushi thought for a while, "but magnetite is not a rare thing. It is not difficult to find if you look carefully. If it doesn't work, we will take a company with people on horseback and go to Changhua.
Take the land route over there to Shilu, transport a dozen tons and use them first. This will not require much investment and project establishment."
The report on the silicon steel project also arrived at the manufacturing director's office immediately. The mechanical port is not as picky as the power port. In Zhan Wuya's view, it is first necessary to solve the problem first, and then discuss whether it is good or not. He now urgently needs to expand the power supply to supply
The non-ferrous metal smelting industry, in addition to providing electrolytic copper, also hopes to obtain nickel, cobalt and other non-ferrous metals to smelt stainless steel - the demand for stainless steel in the chemical industry has been raised for a long time. A large number of corrosion-resistant pipes are needed in chemical equipment.
Containers need to be made of stainless steel. If we continue to stay at the level of manufacturing ceramic or glass equipment, Lingao's chemical industry will essentially be just an enlarged laboratory production, and it will not be able to complete the self-replication of the chemical industry, let alone
Upgraded.
Therefore, as soon as the trial production of silicon steel sheets was successful, he immediately reported it to the Planning Institute and requested that the electrolytic copper workshop project be officially launched. (To be continued.)