The boilermaker arrived that night, and early the next morning, black smoke came out of the chimney on the riverside. Zhao Yingong did not understand technology, but he had been watching the trial operation of the boiler at the scene.
This is not the first trial run. Last time, people from the mechanical department came to debug it to an operational state, but it has been a month since then. Whether it can be successfully started at once remains to be tested.
Fortunately, except for the boiler, everything else in this set is not complicated, it is just pipes and water pumps. Except for some troubles when the boiler started to fire, which took a long time, there was no problem in the operation of the whole set of equipment.
"Start trial production." Zhao Yingong said.
The first batch of training was so good that the female workers walked into the workshop timidly and sat down at their work stations. The workshop began to operate. During the entire trial run, only fifty cars were driven - this was something Li Yaoer could take care of personally.
The maximum number of people.
These female workers are all refugees selected from Cihuitang, unmarried and childless women aged from sixteen to twenty years old. The silk reeling work itself is very labor-intensive and requires a high degree of concentration, and girls are the most suitable. In the old time and space
During the Industrial Revolution, silk reeling workers were mostly child laborers aged ten to ten years old, and their labor productivity was no worse than that of adults. The planning institute was based on protecting the health of children and adolescents to prevent them from aging prematurely and wasting manpower.
Limit the working age in silk factories to sixteen.
She plans to focus on this group of workers first, and then use them as key workers to train new workers after their skills have matured.
No one in the Senate knows how to reel silk. Fortunately, Jichanglong's equipment is not high-tech. The silk reeling technique is no different from the traditional silk reeling and potting, so no special training is needed in this aspect. Li Yaoer
The main thing is to train them to use pedal machines and hot and cold water pipes.
The work of potting is not complicated. It is still boiling water to boil the cocoon. Then, after the female worker finds the silk mouth from the cocoon body, she puts it on the wooden reeling button, steps on a small iron rod with her foot, and pulls the axis of the button.
The button is rotated to roll the wire onto the finished product.
The local method of silk reeling is a handicraft sideline for farmers. The cocoons are boiled over charcoal fire, and then the silk is reeled out. After the raw silk is made, it is sold to silk shops, which then turn it into dried silk threads.
The production equipment and technology of Cihuitang Silk Reeling Factory are not only much better than those of ordinary farmers, but the processing methods are also more advanced than those of silk shops. The multiple processing links that originally required the silk shops to outsource to many craftsmen are now completed in the silk reeling factory.
The standing pose is completed.
Although there were some minor malfunctions on the first day of driving, the overall operation was quite satisfactory - the workers had been trained in advance and were not unfamiliar with using the machines. It was just that the overall cooperation was still poor. Some supporting and auxiliary work could not keep up in time.
The silk texture was not as good as Li Yaoer imagined.
However, these are all caused by lack of proficiency at the beginning. Li Yaoer feels that the problem is not big: after doing it more, you will naturally become proficient. The top priority now is to establish a management system-she is weak in this aspect.
She told Zhao Yingong about this concern.
"We have a big library and a group of people who are in charge of management..."
The management system was compiled by the Great Library commissioned by the Planning Institute and covers all aspects of the entire enterprise's production and operation.
Except for a few naturalized workers who were deployed from Lingao to maintain equipment, the workers in Cihuitang were all indentured slaves selected from the refugees of Cihuitang.
This is not to say that Zhao Yingong thought that slave labor was more useful, but under the conditions at the time, it was completely unrealistic to hire urban poor or rural female workers. There were not many things for women to work away from home, unless they were very close to home.
.You can go back and forth every day, otherwise you won't be able to sleep outside overnight. It is easier to use indentured servants who have no personal freedom at all.
The main types of work in Cihuitang Silk Reeling Factory: reeling, peeling cocoons, adding water knots, sending cocoons, stitching and threading, etc. All of these are paid on a piece-rate basis, but those who send cocoons are paid a monthly salary. Because there is no need to send cocoons
Technology only requires physical strength, and all those who do this kind of work are relatively clumsy but powerful women. They send cocoons to the required positions according to the needs of each female worker all day long.
At the end of each day, the female silk reeling workers would take off the finished products they had reeled out that day, put them on the pot of the steam pipe, cover them with a large oilcloth, and then return to the refugee camp to rest. The handymen in the factory would put away the silk, and then
It is put into the silk baking room and then baked, then stitched and threaded. Then it is twisted and then packaged - it is very sophisticated. Zhao Yingong decided to sell his own raw silk as a high-quality product.
In addition to these workers who have direct contact with raw silk, there are also more than 30 cocoon bakery, plumber, nylon, patrol, handyman and machine maintenance workers. These people are all paid according to the monthly salary system-no matter what kind of worker, the payment
All wages are in tradable coupons. Since most of the workers are indentured slaves in the refugee camps, the wages are extremely low, which in Zhao Yingong’s opinion has only symbolic meaning. However, the food supply is three meals a day, and the quality and quantity are better than those of the refugees.
The camp is good. The key is to receive remuneration, even if it is purely symbolic, it is enough to stimulate the workers' enthusiasm for work. Zhao Yingong plans to set up sales points in the refugee camp to sell some extra food, so that the indentured workers can
You can use your own wages to buy more food for yourself or your family to improve your life. Moreover, artificially separating worker levels, setting wage levels, and additional bonuses can serve as effective incentives, which is much better than pure slave labor.
Already.
The working hours of the silk reeling factory are temporarily in two shifts, but Zhao Yingong and Li Yaoer are planning to change it to three shifts when the number of workers increases - compared with Lingao, here there are richer human resources, lower wages and welfare expenses, and no
It is necessary to adopt a two-shift system. Moreover, the reeling station is exposed to boiling water and steam for a long time, and the labor intensity is high. People are easily fatigued. The production process is both boiling water and steam, and work-related injuries are prone to occur during fatigue production. Furthermore, the original Hangzhou Station
It is planned to use this place as a training base for silk industry workers. Increasing the number of shifts will help train more workers and reserve workers for future industrial expansion.
After working continuously for a week, Li Yaoer evaluated the work efficiency of the female workers: Those who are skilled in the operation can reel about one hundred grams per day, and those who are unfamiliar can reel up ten grams per day. This speed is not satisfactory. According to the big library
According to the information provided, skilled female workers can produce more than 150 grams of raw silk per day on this production equipment, and unskilled women can also produce 100 grams.
But even so, the production efficiency was so amazing that Zhao Yingong soon discovered that if he could not get rid of the habit of silkworm farmers to reel their own silk and sell local silk as soon as possible, his factory would be in a situation where there would be no cocoons to reel in the future.
, the state can only operate intermittently every year.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, how did the business of selling raw silk change from selling cocoons? It was nothing more than silk reeling factories blooming everywhere, and it was a natural choice after the market for native silk disappeared. Unfortunately, the scale of my own silk reeling factory was limited, and the current situation did not allow him to do so.
Let go and start working. It's like being surrounded by tigers and wolves, and everyone is the enemy of the country.
"When will there be opium... No, what about the raw silk war?" Zhao Yingong lit a cigar on Concubine Xiang's bed.
After the silkworm season ended, Jixian Village fell into a gloomy mist. This melancholy not only enveloped the place, but also extended to all local sericulture households, affecting even sericulture areas in Jiaxing, Huzhou, Suzhou and other places outside Hangzhou: In
After hearing the news that the price of cocoon silk in Hangzhou plummeted, various silk shops also joined hands to lower the purchase price. The price of silk and cocoon in the entire Jiangnan plummeted, making the silk shops make a lot of money. On the contrary,
, that is, a large number of sericulture households went bankrupt because they could not repay usurious loans.
The villagers of Jixian Village are not bankrupt yet - because of Mr. Zhao's kindhearted relationship, although every household in the village owes him a debt of one cent a month, they have not been forced into debt yet.
Families in other villages who were forced to repay their debts in the first quarter of the year were much better off. Each household was finally able to put aside the issue of how to repay or evade debts for the time being and focus on spring plowing.
But ignoring it for the time being does not mean that the debt will disappear. Wang Si's family never mentioned this matter, but it made every family feel uneasy.
In the early years, as long as the weather was good, you had your own land, and your family was safe from illness and disaster, after deducting all kinds of expenses, you would always have a little money left over, and you could still hope to pay off your debts. But in recent years, farming has not been smooth.
At that time, the taxes in the yamen were very heavy. Being able to get through it peacefully throughout the year was considered a blessing, but there was no way to save money to pay off debts!
Shen Kaibao said several times while chatting at the head of the village: Mr. Zhao, don’t think you don’t want debt now, but when you have to incur debt, you will definitely be more ruthless than anyone else - the villagers even go to Wang Si’s mother’s house every two days to borrow rice and money.
Yes, it is simply asking for death.
"When the land is gone and the house is gone, even the whole family will have to work as slaves for Mr. Zhao!" Every time Father Shen said this, he spit on the ground viciously to increase his tone.
But seeing clearly doesn't mean you can hide from it. Your family has to farm and eat, so how can you get money if you don't borrow money? Now even if you want to sell the mulberry garden for money, you can't do it - it's already mortgaged
Gave it to Master Cao. He knew that the debts lent by Mr. Zhao were good bait, wouldn’t the loans lent by other masters be the same? In the end, they all only care about their own land, so who cares about the life and death of your farmers!
He knew that his family had borrowed money and rice from Wang Si's mother's house several times one after another, but he just didn't know. His heart seemed to have dropped, and it was already like this anyway. If he really couldn't survive anymore, he might as well
I sold my house and land, and my family went to Songjiang to find a way out - I heard that houses and docks were being built there recently, which required a lot of labor. Daqing Sanqing were all young men, and even though I was old, I could still do the work.
Living, I guess I can make a living even if I work hard. (To be continued, please search Piaotian Literature, the novels are better and updated faster!