Then, the cadre began to explain the parts of the civil law that were closely related to the big households. +w.
The most important thing is about slaves. Almost without exception, big families brought a large number of slaves. Slavery was very popular in the Ming Dynasty - when a person went out, there would be more than 20 domestic slaves accompanying him - and the wars in the late Ming Dynasty Famines were frequent, large numbers of people were displaced, and the cost of keeping slaves was extremely low.
The Senate does not welcome private slave-holding. Especially in China's feudal society, the vast majority of slaves are used for family service and have no output except consuming social wealth. Moreover, slave-holding also allows large households to directly control a large number of The population was even more unbearable for the Senate.
Therefore, the Senate legally restricts slave ownership. Not only is the sale of slaves completely prohibited, but there are also various restrictions on existing slaves. Anyone who keeps slaves under the governance of the Senate must pay a one-time "slave registration fee." In order to continue to keep slaves, you will have to pay a "slave use tax" based on head count every year.
This article immediately aroused a buzz of discussion below. What kind of royal law is this? If you buy slaves, you still have to pay taxes to the government when you use them? And you have to pay them every year!
Wait, this is not over yet: According to the laws of the Senate, there is a quota for the number of slaves per household. If the number of slaves exceeds the quota, the slave use tax will be collected according to a progressive system. That is, The more you raise, the higher the tax rate you pay.
This policy is not only to reduce the number of slaves, but also to force large families to divide households. In order to pay less taxes, the original large families with multiple generations will inevitably consider dividing households to increase the number of slaves. tax avoidance.
Seeing everyone around him showing dissatisfaction, Zhuo Yihang nodded secretly. Although he was also from an official family, and his family also called slaves and maids, he did not approve of keeping a large number of slaves and exploiting them.
Although Kun Thief's move did not explicitly prohibit slave ownership, it actually greatly increased the burden of slave ownership and restricted slave ownership in disguise. It can be called a benevolent government - but this benevolent government is too reeky. He admired it in his heart. And contemptuous.
The cadre also talked about many important points in life in Lingao for about half an hour. Although the time was not long, he spoke very thoroughly and clearly. After speaking, Zhuo Yifan saw him and said a few words to Li Xiaopeng. When he spoke, he saw him take out a page of paper from his briefcase and hand it to him. Li Xiaopeng stamped it, tore off half of it and handed it back to him. Then the cadre left.
Zhuo Yifan secretly wondered: If he was given a "personnel", he would understand. What's going on with this stamped and torn paper?
It turns out that this "preaching policy" is not free. It is not the scope of the civil affairs department to teach legal education courses for wealthy people. The immigration policy of the Senate is to "open the door" to the people who came from the land of Ming Dynasty. Everyone is welcome, there is nothing special It gives preferential treatment to a certain type of people, so there is a fee as usual. The fee is naturally paid by Qiong'an Inn. Li Xiaopeng stamped it, and the slip is the proof of payment.
Next, it was time for Li Xiaopeng to give a lecture. He talked about what is most important to rich people: buying houses and land.
Needless to say, buying a house, whether you are immigrating as a whole family or "cunning rabbits", you must have a long-term residence. In order to continue to maintain the traditional life of the whole family, plus the "Australian life" that the wife, young master and lady are envious of, you must buy land.
Only if the industry comes.
However, Li Xiaopeng's words once again poured cold water on them. The land policy here in Lingao is very complicated. It is different from the Ming Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, as long as the land owner agrees to sell it, no matter what the land was before buying it, you can basically do whatever you want after buying it.
, build a house, build a workshop, raise pigs, grow vegetables or make a cemetery. Generally no one will come to interfere, let alone the urban management and city appearance. The remnants of this laissez-faire system lasted until 1949.
At that time, the dignified residential areas in Beijing also had various livestock pens, poultry sheds, pigs, sheep, cattle, chickens, ducks and geese. The killing of pigs and sheep was also carried out directly and openly on the streets of the city. As for the people in the city,
Cemeteries were nothing worth mentioning in any city at that time.
Here in Lingao, the land is divided into various uses. According to the land planning practices of another time and space, the land in the county is divided into different uses such as residential, industrial, cultural, educational and agricultural. Go to a place and look at the feng shui here.
So I bought it to use as a cemetery. The scenery there was beautiful and I bought it to build a villa. Under the rule of the Senate, if you wanted to build your own house, you could only buy residential land. It was impossible for a private person to buy a cemetery and build a tomb.
The residential land in Lingao is unfortunately very tight. On the one hand, it is the demand for the expansion of industrial and agricultural production. On the other hand, the influx of a large number of foreign people has aggravated this tension. In order to provide more housing for the immigrants, it is necessary to alleviate the housing shortage.
Unfortunately, the Executive Committee's approval of the purchase of private residential land is strict in order to leave enough residential land for the construction of apartment buildings and dormitories for sale and rent.
Of course, people who are interested in buying land can also purchase all their residential land from private hands. However, there are very few indigenous people who own private residential land. After all, the original population of Lingao is less than 40,000. The homesteads they own
Compared with the Senate, which has seized all the official land and wasteland in the county, it is only a very small part.
The housing shortage in Lingao has not only caused the current extremely high price of residential land, but also the task of the only construction company in the county: Lingao Construction Corporation is completely full. If you want to buy the land and build your own house, basically in Lingao
It's impossible.
It is precisely for this reason that Li Sunqian's house sales are so prosperous. It can be said that the only real estate company established by his family in this county that can provide services that meet the needs of these large households and can guarantee delivery within one year.
The housing problem is easy to say. After all, the Li family's real estate company is here to solve it. It's just a question of how much money to spend. But "buying a house" is far more difficult than "buying a house."
According to the thinking of wealthy people, purchasing land to collect rent is naturally the safest way. In ancient Chinese society, land has always been the property with the strongest value-preserving ability. It does not require complicated knowledge or a lot of energy, but the income is considerable.
Stable. If there is a war, hide the land deed and go away. As long as peace returns to the world, take out the land deed. Regardless of whether there is a change of dynasty or not, the government will recognize the debt. It doesn't matter if all the tenants die, just recruit more tenants.
Therefore, not only rural landowners considered this, but also businessmen and court officials who made a fortune in industry and commerce. After getting money, they bought land on a large scale to collect rent. Even the Zheng family, the maritime business overlord, also purchased a large amount of land and became the largest landowner in Fujian.
's landowner.
The rich people ran to Lingao, naturally they also had such thoughts. However, at this seminar, they quickly discovered that this road was blocked.
The Senate did not legally prohibit the tenancy system, so the past tenancy system could still operate according to old customs. However, from a legal and economic perspective, multiple legal documents promulgated by the Senate prohibited the tenancy system.
Many restrictions and suppressions were implemented.
After the tax reform, the landowners' usual practice of concealing land to evade taxes and shifting the tax burden no longer worked. The strict implementation of the progressive agricultural tax made the burden on tenant landowners very heavy. The most unbearable thing for them was the Senate's control of the labor force.
The state-owned and privately-owned intensive farms, and the booming industrial and commercial enterprises have caused the original tenants to switch to other places.
There are many immigrants entering Lingao, but the distribution rights are all in the hands of Australians. Free immigrants have too many employment options and are not willing to be tenants of the local landlords.
The result is that landlords under the tenancy system find it difficult to maintain tenants on the land, and the turnover rate of tenants is very high. No matter how much land the landlord has, it is in vain if there is no one to cultivate it. To retain tenants, they have to provide a better share ratio.
And the conditions for recruiting tenants. Land income has plummeted - Tiandihui has now begun to consciously not provide agricultural services to tenant landowners, and they are completely unable to enjoy the benefits of agricultural technological advancement.
In the end, local landlords either sold their land to engage in industry and commerce, or asked Tiandihui, the largest "tenant" in Lingao, to manage their own land. There were very few landlords left who continued to maintain the tenancy system. Especially small and medium-sized landowners, almost none
Spared.
It is not too difficult for the newly arrived wealthy people to buy land locally. Although there is relatively little developed land, there is a lot of "wasteland for agricultural use to be developed." It is hard to figure out how to manage it. It can be solved by recruiting a few tenants.
Everything obviously doesn't work.
So Li Xiaopeng proposed a package of investment solutions.
If you don’t pursue profits and don’t want to use your brain, you can just purchase fields or “wasteland for agricultural use to be developed”, and then go directly to Tiandihui for full or half package...
"Excuse me, Uncle Li, what do you mean by full package and half package?" Someone asked after hearing what Li Xiaopeng said. Rich people attach great importance to property purchase - it is related to their family's future.
Problems of survival and development in Lingao.
Li Xiaopeng explained that the so-called full package means that the land is fully entrusted to the Tiandi Society for management, and the landlord does not have to take care of anything. At that time, he will collect the share according to the lease. There is no need to invest a penny, and even the tax burden will be paid by the Tiandi Society. But in this case
, the landowner's income is quite small.
In an all-inclusive operation, Tiandihui will first charge service fees, then develop wasteland, improve water and soil, purchase seeds and fertilizers, long-term labor and agricultural machinery... until the final tax payment, all expenses incurred in operating the land will be paid.
It is deducted from the land harvest in advance and the remaining net income is shared with the landlord. The landlord can roughly get 30% of the net income.
If the fields are relatively barren or simply wasteland, and the initial investment is large, then the landlord may not get any share in the first few years. (To be continued, please search Piaotian Literature, the novel is better and updated faster!