Two hundred and eighty-ninth civil service examination (8)
Material three:
I heard that the idea of partisanship has been around since ancient times, but it is only a matter of luck that a gentleman can distinguish himself from a gentleman or a villain. Generally speaking, gentlemen and gentlemen are friends who share the same path; villains and villains are friends who share the same interests. This is a natural principle.
However, I say that a villain has no friends, but a gentleman does. Why? What a villain likes is profit and wealth; what he is greedy for is money. When they share the same benefit, they can temporarily become friends and become friends.
, hypocrisy. If someone sees advantages and strives to be the first, or if the benefits are exhausted and the friendship is estranged, then they will harm each other. Although they are brothers and relatives, they cannot protect each other. Therefore, I say that a villain has no friends, and those who are friends for a while are hypocrites.
This is not the case for a gentleman. What he upholds is morality, what he does is loyal, and what he cherishes is reputation. If he cultivates his character, he will be of the same mind and benefit each other; if he serves the country, he will be of the same mind and help each other. He is the same from beginning to end, so he is a friend of a gentleman.
As a ruler, you should get rid of the hypocritical friends of villains and use the true friends of gentlemen, and then the world will be in order.
——"On Parties and Friends" by Ouyang Xiu of the Song Dynasty
Material four:
He Shijin, a member of the Donglin Party, was ranked among the top generals of Donglin - Dizuoxing Xiaowen Marquis. He served as the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi in the fourth year of Tianqi, and resigned in the fifth year due to impeachment by the eunuch party.
When He Shijin was the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, he reformed the Liaoning salary collection and tried to use the method of increasing commercial taxes to offset the increase in land allocation. His reform plan included "one is to check the redemption of public funds for salary, and the other is to cut redundant labor and food.
One is to discuss market miscellaneous taxes and add factory customs duties."
However, in April of the fifth year of Tianqi, because He Shijin's position on the attack case was inconsistent with the eunuch party, he was impeached and dismissed by the eunuch party Yu Tingbi. He said: "He Shijin, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, lightly asked for taxes to offset the Canadian faction. He belongs to
It's so exciting that the Kuang party protects the king's talent and provokes the palace."
But the punishment of He Shijin did not end with his resignation. In October of the sixth year of Tianqi, the eunuch Liang Menghuan impeached He Shijin again. "When Shijin was in eastern Guangdong, he had some plans to subjugate the city of Ao. He was frightened and planned to take over the barbarians.
The stolen goods amounted to no less than 300,000 to 400,000 yuan (the reason for the loss of Macau City was that He Shijin asked the Portuguese in Macau to demolish and build a castle, and to increase the land rent in Macau). He also falsely claimed that he would be exempted from extra money, but actually used taxes to make money as a matchmaker.
The situation has almost completely changed."
At this time, He Shijin's reform plan of exempting him from additional posts and trying to use commercial taxes to supplement Liao's salary had become a bad deed of corruption among the eunuchs who attacked him.
In February of the seventh year of the Apocalypse, the Ming court made a final judgment on He Shijin’s Liao salary policy when he was governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, holding that:
"According to the decree, the central government of Guangdong Province deducted taxes. In fact, miscellaneous taxes were assessed and soldiers' pay was deducted. The transfer of taxes caused all kinds of harm. In addition, the Taiping factory tax was increased, and the merchants were in distress. It was clear that they were very aware of the situation, and they were with
The land will be returned to the acres, and the land will be expropriated according to the land in order to offset the Liao salary. It will be discussed later in the event of Liao affairs."
In the end, the imperial court abolished He Shijin's plan, and Liao's salary collection returned to farmland again.
In the seventh year of the Apocalypse, at the request of the Eunuch Party, Shaanxi was exempted from commercial taxes:
"Exempt from the commercial tax at Tongguan and Xianyang, and patrol from Shaanxi at the request of Zhuang Qian."
This exemption from commercial taxes was criticized as favoring merchants in the eunuch city when the Liao rates were renegotiated during the Chongzhen period.
"All the way to Tongguan is an important route for the Qin and Jin Dynasties, and the Longche Village is a key point for the Qin and Chu Dynasties. Merchants and merchants gather goods through the channels, which is convenient for profit and taxation, and it is easy to make profits. The tax envoys have been established for decades, and the people are not satisfied.
Li. In the seventh year of Tianqi, by chance, Cui Wei was in power and favored merchants. He ordered Tongguan, Xianyang, Daqing, Qingyang, Fengxiang, Hanzhong, Lintao, Xi'an and Sanyuan to stop all retribution. While the merchants were busy, there was no need to do so.
It would be a huge miscalculation to support the country's deprivation."
Material five:
political party
There are no political parties in our Senate, and there are also different parties in the Senate. The more famous ones are the Industrial Party, the Law Club, the Imperial-Han Party, etc.
A political party is a political organization with the goal of governing. In the Senate government system, political parties generally strive to govern by participating in elections, and sometimes form political alliances and jointly govern when necessary. Political parties usually have specific political goals and ideologies.
They have their own opinions on national and social issues and establish political platforms to show their vision. Political parties are political organizations of the ruling class, and the organizational form of political parties is determined by the ruling class. The formation of a ruling class within a political party and the formation of n political parties within the ruling class are the basis for today's Song Dynasty society.
political ecology.
The first question asks you to briefly summarize the relevant situation of the Pseudo-Ming Eunuch Party based on the content of the given "Material 1", including the time of its rise, main representatives and representative classes, etc.
Requirements: closely follow the material, be comprehensive, accurate, and clearly organized, no more than 300 words.
The second question, please use the given "Material 2" and "Material 4" to try to analyze why although the Donglin Party of the Ming Dynasty put forward progressive slogans such as integrity and serving the public, revitalizing officialdom, opening up the voice, and eradicating the long-standing abuses of the government and the opposition, it failed to
They pretended to turn a blind eye to the tragic reality of famine victims in society, and tried their best to obstruct the collection of funds for disaster relief.
Require:
(1) The content is comprehensive and closely adheres to the material;
(2) The point of view is clear and concise;
(3) Fluent language and clear organization;
(4) Regardless of format requirements, no more than 400 words.
The third question, please use the given "Material Three" and "Material Five" to compare the similarities and differences between the "party friends" mentioned by Ouyang Xiu, the great sage of the Song Dynasty, and the political parties of the Song Dynasty.
Requirements: Comprehensive, accurate and concise. No more than 450 words.
Question 4: Mr. Chen Duxiu, the great sage of the Song Dynasty, once said: "There are no imperial ideas outside the party, and there are all sorts of strange things within the party without factions." It is clear that there will be different voices within a political party. Please start with your thoughts on this sentence.
Go and write an article.
Require:
(1) Choose your own angle, draft your own topic, and have clear and profound insights;
(2) Clear thinking and fluent language;
(3) Refer to the “given information” but do not stick to the “given information”;
(4) The total number of words is 800-1,000 words.
Yuan Shuzhi finished reading the materials and began to think hard. In the given materials, the intentions of materials 1 and 4 are contradictory. It is obvious that the Senate hates both Donglin and the eunuchs. It is not uncommon to hate the eunuchs - early
He is just a rat on the street. However, if the Donglin princes in the court saw this naked attack on the Donglin Party members for "misleading the country", they would probably jump in their feet. However, this is not entirely unreasonable: Although Wei Zhongxian
Not loyal, but a treacherous person. Now the ghostly appearance he is pretending to be is not caused by the chaos of the political leaders. Isn't it a good proof that a great talent like me has been dusted? Ahem, let's answer the question first.
, answer the questions, and get an Australian Jinshi to show to the Donglin Party, which is a gang of fake Ming people who only know how to talk.
The first question was to summarize the eunuchs. It was really difficult to start. Yuan Shuzhi knew that this summary question came from the materials according to Zeng Juan’s textbooks and could not be made up without reference to the materials. So he thought for a while and started to write:
The eunuchs have existed since ancient times and have caused serious disasters. Both the Han and Tang Dynasties were burdened by them. The eunuchs were especially serious in the pseudo-Ming Dynasty. They originated from Zhu Di, the founder of the pseudo-Ming Dynasty, and passed through the pseudo-Ming Xuan, Ying, Xian, Wu, Xi, etc.
The power of the dynasty is increasing day by day. In the pseudo-Ming dynasty, eunuchs are running rampant. First, Wang Zhen wields power, followed by Wang Zhi, Liu Jin and others. When the pseudo-mingming comes, Wei Zhongxian will be in power and dominate the government. Looking at ancient and modern times, the eunuchs are not the eunuchs.
The eunuchs are the slaves of the emperor, and the emperor is an independent servant! If an eunuch is not driven away by an eunuch, he will lose his virginity to a foreign official! The eunuchs of the eunuchs are not poor and miserable, and most of them are from poor families, either farmers or workers.
Or they may become homeless people. Therefore, if the world is hungry, eunuchs will fill the earth, and if the world is unified, they will never appear again!
After Yuan Shuzhi finished writing, he felt that this summary was more difficult than eight-legged writing. The material was so short that he had to write down one or two things. Fortunately, he had good skills and was able to write down one or two things. In the end, he flattered the Senate because the elders
There are no eunuchs in the hospital!
After finishing the first question, Yuan Shuzhi started to write the second question. The second question was an analysis question. Yuan Shuzhi knew from the textbook that this question allowed him to express his own opinions based on the materials. This question can be said to be more difficult than the previous question.
It can be said that the above question depends on one's understanding ability! So he read the material carefully again, and then began to write:
Donglin is not the Donglin of the false emperor, nor is it the Donglin where the world lives and thrives. In fact, it is the running dog of the Jiangnan Jin gentry! His words are like "the sound of wind, rain, reading, etc. are heard; family affairs, state affairs, world affairs,
"Care about everything." Those words may seem like words of loyalty, but in fact they are just to cover up their bad deeds! In order to pursue his own selfish interests, Donglin regards the people of the world as rotten dogs and ignores the country and the country! The former imposed agricultural taxes.
, so that the people's resentment boiled, and then the post offices of the world were abolished, so that Li Chuang and his like had no place to eat. In the year of great disaster, they could not implement the policy of pacifying the world, but implemented the policy of doubling the agricultural tax, and finally made the northern border of the Ming Dynasty fake.
The smoke of war broke out everywhere. First Gao Chuang raised the pole, then Li and Zhang Congzhi. Even when they were in such a situation, someone from Donglin actually said: "If you don't die of hunger in peace, you will be like the mantis with its arms." His actions are clearly revealed! As for the defeat of Liaodong,
, it is also conceivable that it is not that the false Ming soldiers did not obey their orders, but there is Donglin in the court!
As for the families of the gentry in the south of the Yangtze River, they are extravagantly extravagant. In one place in the south of the Yangtze River, seventy-eight percent of the wealth of the counterfeit world has been gathered. However, it is difficult to deal with commercial tax matters, because Donglin drove them away! However, the Donglin gangsters are full of eloquence.
In other words, the party of an eunuch is not as beneficial to the country, and the conduct of an eunuch is not as promising to the people! Therefore, the ruler of Donglin is at a loss, the people have no support, the thieves have no retreat, and the country has no governance.
The death of False Ming is imminent!
After Yuan Shuzhi finished writing the second question, his forehead was already covered with sweat. He thought that he had boasted about the eunuchs, which was very wrong. But when he thought about it again, the eunuchs were just dead tigers, and Donglin was the elder statesman.
This is a live tiger that the hospital has to deal with. He looked at the third question and rubbed his temples. This question made him too worried. I understand what the drunkard said about "party friends". I am a little bit familiar with the political party of the Song Dynasty.
I don’t even know what the Industrial Party and the Law Club have ever heard of, and this Lolita is even more confused about what it means. Yuan Shuzhi held it in for a long time, and after thinking about it, he just wrote something big:
The party friends mentioned by the drunkard are similar to the political parties in the Song Dynasty. Those who are all comrades and have the same interests gather together to become friends and form a party. However, those who are different are serious! "Shuowen" says: "Party,
It’s not new. “Party people should follow the good and the evil! As the drunkard said, whether it’s the party of villains or the party of gentlemen, they are all the party of one family and one family name. It is the party of emperors, generals and prime ministers. It’s private! It’s evil!
Without the constraints of party rules, and without a clear program, there is freedom of entry and exit. It is easy to rebel in the morning and in the evening! The party's plan is only for one family and one surname, the private interests of the emperor, generals and prime ministers, but it has no benefit to the people of the world. It regards the world