Zou Biao feels that the current dilemma of the cotton textile industry is due to two reasons:
The first aspect is the planning issue during the First Five-Year Plan. From the beginning, the Planning Institute did not plan to spend much effort on cotton textiles, and all kinds of imported cotton cloth, whether domestic or imported, can fully meet the basic needs.
If it were not to meet some special needs, probably even this demonstration textile factory would not be built.
Of course, from Zou Biao's point of view, it is difficult to say that there is something wrong with the decision of the Planning Institute. Regardless of the abundant supply of cotton cloth, Hainan's local objective conditions are indeed not suitable for the development of the cotton textile industry.
Although Hainan is the birthplace of cotton textile technology, compared with Songjiang, its production efficiency has been lagged behind by Songjiang. Jiangnan not only has a large-scale cotton spinning industry, but also has an equally large silk weaving industry. Handmade loom manufacturing
The base of craftsmen is much larger than that in Hainan, and both technology and craftsmanship are improving much faster. In Hainan, there is actually no large-scale textile industry. It is basically still at the stage of family sideline business.
The second aspect is the business model issue. During the First Five-Year Plan period, due to the demand for "special use" products such as canvas, the Planning Institute believed that a limited-scale textile industry could be established. In order to reduce investment, the spinning package purchase system was proposed.
This is a rather deceptive mode. The result is also obvious: the collected yarn cannot be hung on the mechanical loom.
The yarn produced by manual spinning is not uniform and stable. Once the loom is hooked up, it is very easy to break, and the quality of the cloth is relatively poor. Especially the warp yarns that bear tensile force are easy to break when the force is strong, causing difficulties in production.
The strength of the yarn has caused the production speed of the machine to slow down. Even if the carded cotton sliver is subcontracted to processors, this problem still cannot be solved. Only mechanical power can be used to produce uniform and tough yarn, and at least water is required.
It is difficult for manpower to spin yarn of good quality. These machines often require a certain amount of floor space, which is not something ordinary farmers can afford. Only workshop owners with certain capital can afford it.
The combination of these two problems naturally resulted in the current embarrassing situation in the textile industry. Zou Biao had no choice but to continue to be his person in charge.
With the launch of the Senate's "Production Capacity Expansion Plan", the reorganization of the textile industry with the help of private capital was put on the agenda of the Ministry of Light Industry. Zou Biaoxi, who was already discouraged, got an assistant from the sky: there was an enemy who ran away from Lishan
I am willing to take over the textile promotion business and be responsible for helping the light textile industry attract investment and promotion.
So Lishan came to partner with him.
Li Shan also studied mechanics, but he worked as a mechanic for just a few years after graduating from college before being persuaded to quit the low-wage, high-intensity job and switched jobs to work as an intermediary in a real estate company. He has considerable experience in persuading people to invest.
The Guangzhou bidding was successfully completed this time, and both of them felt very excited. Firstly, the textile industry has developed greatly, and their voice will also increase; secondly, all kinds of old equipment in the factory can be eliminated.
.As part of industrial upgrading, Zou Biao has been planning to install new looms in recent years.
In order to welcome the investors, starting three days ago, the demonstration textile factory had taken turns stopping work in different areas and production lines, cleaning, wiping and repairing equipment. It was busy from top to bottom. The two of them inspected back and forth several times.
A rough tour route has been drawn up, allowing the sponsors to fully understand the entire production process of cotton textiles.
After the last inspection, the two of them dragged their sore legs back to the office.
The office was originally reserved for Zou Biao, but after Lishan arrived, he crowded with him to make it easier to discuss things.
A sharp whistle sounded outside, and Zou Biao subconsciously looked at the clock on the wall: 7 p.m.
In one hour, the day shift workers will get off work. The night shift workers who live in the factory dormitory area will get ready to go to work when they hear the whistle.
He took a look at the latest monthly factory injury report and sighed secretly. Although textile factories are safer than other industrial enterprises, by the standards of the old time and space, the work injury rate and occupational disease incidence rate in the demonstration factory are still too high. Reason
It goes without saying that working in a workshop full of noise and moisture for twelve hours is too labor intensive and exhausting mentally and physically.
The current schedule of the demonstration factory is that each team works 12 hours under a two-shift system. There is a 30-minute meal time and a 15-minute break every 4 hours, so the actual working time reaches 11 hours.
Initially, the demonstration textile factory did not arrange shift work and stopped production before dark. The reason was that there was a lot of cotton dust in the textile factory, and a fire could cause a large fire. The risk of using gas lamps for night lighting was too great. Later, electricity
After the country was able to produce electric lights, the Planning Institute changed the textile factory into a two-shift enterprise, allowing for 24-hour production.
Zou Biao has been complaining about the Planning Institute: Since most of the current cotton production is for "special use" and is a price-insensitive product, why should we adopt such radical cost-cutting measures? It itself is not a product that must be continuously produced. Moreover
The cotton textile industry has never been the main development industry, and there is no need to reserve workers through multi-shift systems.
But complaints are complaints, and in a state where industrial enterprises in the Senate generally adopt a two-shift production model, he is no exception.
"Lao Zou, what do you think of this arrangement?" Li Shan handed him the reception form. Zou Shan is already over fifty, and it is Lao Zou who is serious.
"We have studied these things many times. Do we need to think about it again?" Zou Biao pushed the document away, "We still study how to sell all the backward production capacity tomorrow..."
"You really can't lower the price of your two- and five-ring spinning?" Li Shan asked. Ring spinning has great advantages. First of all, the floor space is much smaller. The key is that the efficiency has been improved a lot.
"It's really not possible. The two- and five-ring spindles are mechanically powered. The main body of the spindle is okay. In the past, it was made of Quercus eucalyptus. If there is no eucalyptus, you can find substitute materials. But the spindle shaft, roller, and yarn guide hook must be made of iron.
, otherwise the wear and tear will be too serious, and the mechanics of the textile factory will be scolded. It’s okay for us to use it ourselves, but we can use it in exchange for old money. Their own machine repair skills are poor, and the machine breaks down every three days, so why not go crazy?”
"The current steel quota has gone up, but the price is still too high to be honest." Li Shan frowned, "I'm afraid the rich people won't be able to accept it."
"It's not impossible if you insist on using wood, but the loss rate will go up." Zou Biao said, "I have also considered similar problems, or we can do post-maintenance only to replace but not repair. This can be a big problem
This greatly reduces maintenance pressure and reduces downtime. However, this also involves changes in machine design and increases in maintenance costs."
"In my opinion, the big players are fooled first. As long as the cost they invest is large enough, they won't be able to get off the pirate ship when they find out - the sunk cost is too high for them to bear. And as long as they can be put into large-scale production, they will immediately
If we can kill Songjiangbu, they won't have to worry about making money. Once we can make money, we'll trick them into upgrading." Lishan gestured like a profiteer,
"I hope it's as you said. I don't think those big companies are easy to fool. Otherwise, even after so many years in Hainan, the mechanization of private factories is still the same." Zou Biao said helplessly. At the beginning, the machine promotion was still half-promoted, which was equivalent to the local big companies in Hainan.
However, after a long time of promotion, the scale has slowed down. Until now, most private enterprises are still handicrafts and use a small amount of machinery.
"How can people be willing to let the horses run and not eat grass? The machines are expensive, and they can't get the core, so it's strange that they would be willing!" Lishan was really convinced: when he came over to take a look, the yarn spindles of the mule machine were all the same.
The ingot actually sells for 2 Australian dollars, only a ghost would buy it! This is like using the technology of building a rocket engine to build a gas stove. It is impossible for the market to accept it, and I don’t know who proposed to build such a machine. But this time after he and Zou Biao
After studying together, various technologies were downgraded and components were made into wood, a set of machines was reduced to one-third of the original cost. As for the price, it was simply selling at a loss. Find a way to fool the big players into buying the machine first. As long as you buy it
Machines and follow-up maintenance consumables are a lump sum, and various types of training can also make a fortune.
"Our complete set of hydrospinning equipment will lose money if we sell it at cost." Zou Biao felt somewhat heartbroken.
"Lossing money is also the planning institute's business. Let's just sell the machines and keep the factory running."
Early the next morning, Wu Yijun and his party were ready to set off for a factory visit. The place they were going to was the Textile Industrial Park in Lingao.
The park is located in the southern mountainous area of Lingao, and the place is very remote. You need to take the urban rail to Nanbao Town first, and then transfer to a horse-drawn carriage.
The reason why I chose the south of the county at the beginning was mainly because it is close to Li District. It can obtain a large amount of kapok, straw cotton and hemp resources in the mountainous area nearby. It can also radiate to the Li District and absorb employment for the people. The south of the county is also rich in water resources and
Low-quality coal that can be used to burn boilers - these are necessary for textile companies.
Led by Chen Xiaobing, the group took the urban train at Bopu and headed south to Nanbao at noon. They had lunch at Nanbao. At this time, someone came to report that the carriage from the demonstration textile factory was already waiting in the town.
There was no further delay and we immediately boarded the carriage and set off. The textile factory sent us a Dongfeng official carriage, which had an elegant and solemn appearance and a comfortable interior. It was the first time for these people to ride in this kind of carriage that they had only seen in pictures in the past. It was very strange.
It was fresh. Chen Lin still had a young mentality, looking around and said: "Cousin! Why don't you buy one in Guangzhou? It's stylish and comfortable. Wouldn't it be nice to use it to pick up and drop off guests? It's better than the sedan we use at home.
Much more generous!"
Wu Yijun laughed loudly: "How can I afford this carriage? Just these two horses can cost more than a dozen people for a year! Not to mention that this carriage can't run in Guangzhou. It's just like this on the road."