One hundred and twentieth chapter complex situation
"I understand, the factor base determines the law of economic development." Lin Motian listened thoughtfully, "But there must be a reason why she chose this place."
"I know the reasons. To be honest, this is also related to our current situation." Zhang Xiao said, "One is that the agricultural and light industry departments also have plans to establish a cotton textile industry, so when she goes there, she actually represents these two This is the opinion of a department. After all, there is a lot of sandy land in Xiangshan, and it is not possible to grow other things, so growing cotton is just fine."
"This is the idea of herding one sheep and chasing two sheep." Lin Motian said with a smile.
"Haha, our Senate has always been in this tune. We always want to kill five flies with one slap." Zhang Xiao said with a bitter smile.
"It's just easy to have indigestion."
"Indigestion is for sure. Look at our current situation. It is said that we have taken both Guangdong and Guangxi and created a miracle. In fact, it can also be said that the people are not enough and the snake swallows the elephant. The current situation is impossible to advance or retreat." Zhang Xiao sighed, "Back then I was I am very opposed to starting the strategy for Guangdong and Guangxi so early - at least it will take another four or five years to lay a better foundation in all aspects. We will not be focusing on one thing and losing another now."
"Of course there are advantages to staying alive, but there are also disadvantages. As for the disadvantages, it's inconvenient to say more." Lin Motian said with a rather reserved smile.
"I probably know it even if you don't tell me." Zhang Xiao also smiled, "After all, people are not machines, they all have selfish thoughts. Distribution is also a big problem, so the establishment is eager to make the cake bigger."
"As long as you understand." Lin Motian actually also has opinions on the timing of launching the Guangdong and Guangxi strategy - launching the mainland campaign too early actually severely undermined the barely adequate health and medical care they had finally established. dilution. Not to mention the huge pressure brought by the sudden prevention and control of infectious diseases and endemic diseases after the mainland conquest.
"Without further ado, let me tell you why Xiangshan is a very inappropriate place." Zhang Xiao said, "The Pearl River Delta is still in the process of siltation formation, and the current coastline is very different from that of four hundred years ago. The coastline is roughly in the northern part of Zhongshan. , that is, Xiangshan in the Ming Dynasty. The Shibasha Sha in the West Sea in the north of Zhongshan have all been formed into flat fields after the Song Dynasty, and the Shibasha Sha in the East China Sea has basically been exposed into fields. However, although Xiaolan, Guzhen, Nantou, and Henglan in the north are , Huangpu, ports, triangles, people and other areas have large areas of Shatan production, but residential areas are very sparse. Only Xiaolan, Ancient Town, Haizhou, Xiaohuangpu and other places near the edge and with higher terrain were built villages in the Song Dynasty. Later, it developed greatly. As we all know, mulberry fish pond is a labor-intensive production method. The mulberry garden should be close to the silkworm house and not too far from the residential area. You know what this means. In addition, the Shiliisha Island in the East China Sea The Shatin area is in constant turbulence. There are no hills to protect it and it is greatly threatened by the salt tide. The most important thing is that this area of Shatin is owned by foreign landowners. Powerful people from Panyu, Nanhai, Xinhui, and Shunde counties have come to occupy Xiangshan. Farming, the land is registered in the above counties. Although local farmers may have built embankments for reclamation, the powerful landlords colluded with the government to buy a large area of floating Shatan at a low price, often referring to the land that farmers have cultivated as Ownerless wasteland, take possession of it as your own."
At this point, Zhang Xiao changed the subject again: "But then again, I can understand why Li Yaoer didn't choose Xiqiao."
"Why? Stop being so pretentious."
"Because the Ming Dynasty scholar Fang Hao said: 'The Western woodcutter is not the Western woodcutter in Lingnan, but also the Western woodcutter in the world. The Western woodcutter is not the Western woodcutter in the world, and the Western woodcutter in the future generations of the world'!" Zhang Xiao said seriously.
replied.
"The water is deep? The pit is big?"
"The water is so deep and the pit is so big that it can't hold even one pot."
In the early years of time travel, Zhang Xiao helped Zhang Haogu, Li Zhuoxian and other elders to sort out the historical materials of the Ming Dynasty because of his interest, and he had a fairly good understanding of the situation in the Pearl River Delta region.
People in Guangzhou collect firewood from Luofu Mountain, which is called Dongqiao, and those who collect firewood from Jinshi Mountain are called Xiqiao. They are called "two of the most famous mountains in southern Guangdong". Xiqiao is located in the Xijiang River and the Beijiang waterway flows through the area. It is a typical Lingnan water town.
The river network is intertwined with more than ten rivers and a total length of more than 100 kilometers, which connects the villages in the area and can reach Foshan, Guangzhou and other places. Xiqiao Mountain produces stone and tea, which are marketed through waterways and fairs.
Far and near. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were 78 Wei cities in the whole territory. Even compared with the Lingao Special Municipal District under the rule of the Senate, they were not inferior. It can be seen that geographical conditions have an extraordinary impact on commercial prosperity.
The economic base determines the superstructure. Xiqiao Mountain is located in Zhengde. During the Jiajing period, there were many academies and jingshes on the mountain. The most famous of them are called the four major academies, namely Dake Academy and Yungu Academy founded by Zhan Ruoshui, and Shiquan Academy founded by Fang Xianfu.
, the Four Peaks Academy founded by Huo Tao. The Fourth Academy became prosperous due to Fang, Zhan, and Huo's advocacy of learning. During this period, there were numerous celebrities in Guangdong, and the Fourth Academy became an important lecture place for Guangdong scholar-officials in the following decades. Qing Dynasty
Liu Zixiu commented: "When Zhanzi lectured, people from all over the world gathered together, and the name of the great branch in the mountain was almost the same as that of Yuelu and Bailu, so Xiqiao was called the mountain of Taoism." It is recorded in Fang Xianfu's "Xiqiao Posthumous Manuscript"
The situation when he was discussing with Zhan Ruoshui and Huo Tao in Xiqiao: "The three academies were at odds with each other, and the three of them often communicated with each other. During the lecture period, they practiced in Tibet for more than ten years." When Wang Yangming wrote to Zhan Ruoshui, he said: "Shuxian (Fang Xianfu)
) Zhijie is far away from the popular customs. Although Wei Xian (Huo Tao) has not been together for a long time, he knows that he is a loyal person at first sight, but he hears about it and meets each other from time to time. Why? How can the lives of heroes and sages be in the same place at the same time, and how can they be wasted?
Time, it is easy to lose this great opportunity, which makes future generations cherish the future generations!" It can be seen that Wang Yangming has high expectations for the three people's theory, and hopes that they will cherish the opportunity, get together from time to time, and leave lasting good stories for future generations of scholars.
The common characteristic of these people is that they are masters of Neo-Confucianism and have prominent official careers. Zhan Ruoshui successively served as the Minister of Rites, Officials, and Bing in Nanjing, and founded the "Ganquan School" of Neo-Confucianism, which is called "Wang Zhan's School" together with Wang Yangming's "Yangming School".
Huo Tao, Fang Xianfu and Liang Chu were both known as the "Sange Lao" of Nanhai County in the Ming Dynasty.
By the Ming Dynasty, there were more than 290 official and private academies in Guangdong, far more than the Tang, Song and Yuan dynasties combined. There were 18 in Nanhai County. Although affected by the political struggles of the Ming Dynasty, private academies across the country were established in Jiajing, Wanli
Both dynasties were banned and destroyed. Guangdong academies were in Tianqi. The number of academies in Chongzhen and Chongzhen dynasties has declined, and the teaching style has declined. However, the significance of the existence of academies is to cultivate reserves for the feudal ruling class. At the same time, they also assume the role of the people and the entire society.
It plays a subtle role in shaping the people, guiding customs, and promoting feudal ethics. The academic rules, regulations, and charters of the academy and even the couplets, inscriptions, and plaques of the academy all convey a certain value, meaning, and educational effect, affecting generations of students and students.
The people had a significant impact on their personality, moral character and temperament. In the early years of Jiajing, Guangdong's academic envoy Wei Xiao changed Guangzhou Prefecture's Guanyin Pavilion, Wuxing Temple, Yingzhen Temple, Tianzhu Temple and Renhuang Temple to Lianxi, Yichuan,
The five academies of Mingdao, Chongzheng and Huian also enshrine Zhou Dunyi, Cheng Yi, Cheng Hao and Zhu Xi. The sacrificial activities of the academies are open to the society. In addition to academy insiders, officials, gentry, scholars and ordinary people also have the opportunity to participate. People from different classes
When members of society participate in the sacrificial activities of the academy, they actually receive education in ethics and morals and the baptism of Confucianism. The influence of the sacrificial rituals in the academy goes far beyond the scope of commemorating the sages and inheriting academic knowledge. It can be said that it plays a similar role to that of Western churches.
The Cantonese people, who have been deeply influenced by Confucian culture for more than a hundred years in the mid-Ming Dynasty and created their own ideological and cultural traditions, no longer regard themselves as Southern barbarians. They can talk about Taoism and philosophy with the top Neo-Confucianists, and they can
He interacted with literary giants to sing and sing. Along with the decline of lecturing, there was the rise of literature, and the Guangdong Poetry Society flourished. From Jiajing to the end of the Ming Dynasty, there were more than a dozen poetry societies in Guangzhou Fucheng, and their founders were more or less
Shaodu is related to Xiqiao Mountain, and Xiqiao later became a refuge for Guangdong literati and officials.
Another important social change is that starting from the middle of the Ming Dynasty, there was a trend of rural militarization in Guangdong. After the Huang Xiaoyang uprising broke out, the Ming court was unable to suppress it and had to turn to local powerful people for help. Some villages and towns were led by local gentry.
, quickly formed a local military organization, and fought a desperate confrontation with Huang Xiaoyang's uprising. After Huang Xiaoyang's uprising was suppressed, what followed was the reorganization of local order and the redistribution of local power. The famous Foshan Town Convenience
They stood firmly on the side of the imperial court in this turmoil. In return, their gods were enshrined, and the local powerful people's control over the local area was further expanded.
Like Foshan, Jiujiang in the South China Sea took advantage of the dangers of mountains and rivers to participate in the suppression of Huang Xiaoyang. Huang Xiaoyang failed to attack Guangzhou, so he scattered and looted, and attacked Jiujiang by water. Jiujiang people guarded Lishan, Mashan, and Zhenshan
, defeated. After Huang Xiaoyang's death, Lishan was renamed "Zhongliang Mountain", and Jiujiang also received generous rewards. In the first year of Jingtai, the Ming Dynasty granted Jiujiang in the South China Sea the "Rulin Township". Due to constant turmoil and rampant bandits, Guangdong
The phenomenon of rural militarization reached its peak during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Local villages widely built fortresses for self-protection, forming the characteristic of "no village, no village", which greatly enhanced the strength of local armed forces.
The people who caught fish fry in the Xijiang River were Dan people. The Ming court forcibly registered them and levied fish and rice taxes. However, a large number of Dan households along the river participated in Huang Xiaoyang's uprising. After the uprising failed, these Dan people fled one after another.
After breaking away from the household registration control of the Ming Dynasty, during the Hongzhi period, all the Dan households fled, and there was no way to collect taxes. Under this situation, Liu Daxia, the leader of Guangdong and Guangxi Taiwan, summoned the people of Jiujiang to inherit the fish ports on both sides of the Xijiang River, and named himself Sichuan to Gaomingwu.
Six hundred miles away, there are eight or nine hundred fish ports. Since then, the people of Jiujiang Township have monopolized the fishing rights of fish flowers, and have formed a very large folk force.