As abrasives, Lingao has quartz sand produced by Changhua and local diatomaceous earth. The diatomite that has been screened and classified by the latter is currently used as an abrasive for flat glass, but Lin Hanlong decided to use garnet abrasive. Because in
This space-time garnet abrasive is a commonly used abrasive for optical lenses.
Lin Hanlong asked his apprentice to sift the ground powder through a coarse sieve first, and then gradually use finer and finer sieves to sieve the abrasives. Most of the industrial sieves used were brought from the old time and space. This time and space cannot yet produce high-mesh sieves.
Industrial sieve. The finally separated garnet powder becomes abrasive classified according to particle size.
At the same time, Lin Hanlong started to make special machinery for optical processing. He first used a pack of five Nanhai cigars = the price of the Chuqing limited edition and asked Sun Li, a colleague in the machine shop, to work overtime to make a steel goblet, which is called a sphere.
The inner wall of the grinding disc is a very precisely machined spherical shape, and its radius is calculated in advance. The steel goblet is a key component of the spherical grinding machine and requires high machining accuracy, so he did not dare to hand it over to Naturalization
It is made by migrant workers, and veteran technicians are specially invited to make it. At present, there are no mechanical technicians with a higher level than the veterans.
The spherical grinding disc needs to rotate on a plane. The technical content of the transmission system is not high. Just make a mechanism like a bicycle and drive it through gears by pedaling. If you are more luxurious, you can also use the transmission of a powered tilt axis. But the installation uses a powered tilt axis.
You have to apply for power in advance. Lin Hanlong was too lazy to file a report and apply, so he simply went directly to the human power system. The power required was not big anyway.
Chuanchuanzhong is now very proficient in making this kind of human-driven thing, and there are ready-made equipment in the workshop. The spherical grinding machine also puts the workpiece on a swing arm, allowing the workpiece to swing back and forth in the grinding disc while rotating. This is also available.
The design and mechanism are a little more complicated, and the power is changed from a motor to a hand crank. It can be used with a makeshift, but the speed is not uniform enough.
Lin Hanlong spent three weeks assembling the components of the spherical grinder. Most of them are hardwood components, and a small amount of steel is used. Hand-grinding glass does not require much strength, and the strength of the wooden structure is sufficient.
After finishing the machining process, he still needed a way to accurately fix the glass. To do this, Lin Hanlong spent three days processing a series of molds and fixtures by himself. After everything was ready, Lin Hanlong disassembled the glass cylinder into individual pieces.
For the glass piece, wipe off the excess adhesive with alcohol cotton, then put it on the iron plate and slowly heat it. When the glass heats up, pick up the prepared fire paint and put it on the glass. The fire paint slowly melts under the heat... on the glass
Smooth surfaces were formed on the top. Lin Hanlong checked it and closed the stove door to let the iron plate cool down. After a while, the fire paint cooled down and the shape was completely fixed. Lin Hanlong took a hemispherical mold and this
A flat surface has been carved out of the top of the mold. Slowly heat the mold, then pick up a piece of glass and place the paint side on the top of the mold. As soon as the paint melts, quickly water the mold to let the paint solidify immediately. This fixes the workpiece to the mold.
Up.
The next work is similar to that of general machining. The mold is fixed on the chuck of the swing arm, and then the swing arm is introduced into the grinding disc. The coarse abrasive is mixed with water and has been added. He and his apprentice ride on a bicycle and crank it by hand.
The machine was started. After grinding for a while, the swing arm was lifted up to inspect the workpiece...to see the grinding effect and then put it back. After a while, the two people exchanged positions. After more than an hour of grinding, the originally flat glass had been grinded.
A spherical surface was produced. Lin Hanlong measured it with a ruler for a long time and was convinced that the accuracy of the spherical surface was tolerable, so he took off the workpiece and announced that he was off work.
Another day later, Lin Hanlong painted the polished side of the workpiece and installed the mold, but this time he changed it to a mold with a concave top. In half a night, the other side of the glass piece was also polished.
This time Lin Hanlong's fiddling aroused everyone's interest, and several people stayed to watch the process of grinding the glass slices. The next morning, Zhong Lishi ran out of the laboratory where he had not been out for several weeks to find Lin Hanlong. He first looked at it
After polishing the rough embryo, he admired it, and then asked: "After this thing is made, shall the first sample be handed over to the general office for preservation? It is very commemorative. In the future, we will build an industrial exhibition hall. You are from the optical museum."
Collection No. 1."
Lin Hanlong shook his head: "It doesn't matter whether you have a collection or not. I just plan to make a pair of reading glasses for people to try."
Is Zhong Lishi a bit old-fashioned?"
"A native. My apprentice's father. A very good craftsman... He's too old to do fine work... It's a pity."
"Then why don't you go to the trouble of applying for one from the Planning Institute? There are plenty of them in the warehouse." Dr. Zhong disagreed.
"How many can there be? Presbyopia is still very common among naturalized people and indigenous people...the demand is huge."
"Oh. These reading glasses can also be sold for money in the future." Dr. Zhong suddenly came up with a business idea. Although Dr. Zhong is rich in knowledge and has a distinguished personality, he knows very little about optics.
"Someone has to try it. If it's not done well, it's anyone's fault if it makes people dizzy."
"Well. That's it. Can you make an extra piece for me, and I'll make a gift for you."
"A gift?" Lin Hanlong felt bored for a while. He hated this kind of formalism and said hesitantly, "Why do you want to give a gift out of season?"
Dr. Zhong smiled: "It's very useful."
"That's okay."
After the conversation, Lin Hanlong was officially assigned the task of trial-producing optical lenses, so he no longer had to do it himself during off-duty hours. This was obviously because Commissioner Zhong wanted him to come up with the product as a "gift" as soon as possible. Lin Hanlong and his apprentice continued to work overtime, and within two days,
All eight pieces of raw material inside are ground into "raw" embryos.
After coarse grinding, finer grinding is used for fine grinding. The original abrasive powder has been cleaned by the apprentice, and new abrasives are added. Lin Hanlong is more careful, and has the apprentice repeatedly sift each batch of abrasive to ensure
There are no too coarse particles mixed in. After grinding for a while, he will stop working, take out the workpiece and put it on the ruler to measure it. Sometimes he will directly do it, using a coarse felt with abrasive to smooth out the uneven places.
Some hand-touching.
It took a week to polish the eight "blanks" to the limit of the ruler measurement. Dr. Zhong came to visit again, and this time he also brought Zhan Wuya. Zhan Wuya was very impressed with his products.
He was full of praise, and when he saw how serious he was, he persuaded him: They are just reading glasses. In the old time and space, mass production can be directly cast, so why is it so precise? Lin Hanlong replied that it is to accumulate experience in making better optical instruments in the future. Zhan Wuya
He shook his head and said nothing more.
The finished workpiece only has one polishing step left, but Lin Hanlong is worried. The polishing powder commonly used in the optical industry is a metal oxide with very fine particles, and the only metal material Lingao can produce is iron. The metallurgical department said they can produce it.
Iron oxide...but they can't make it into powder. The machinery factory has made several ball mills, which are used in cement, ceramics and other industries. But the sizes are relatively large." Lin Hanlong had to send the raw iron oxide to Xiao Bailang for grinding
, but the iron oxide particles that came out were not very fine enough. In desperation, I had to use a coarse felt with a limited amount of iron oxide powder for polishing.
A few days later, Dr. Zhong came again. This time he saw several pieces of smooth glass on Lin Hanlong's workbench shining brightly in the sun.
"Old Lin, did you do a good job?"
Lin Hanlong shook his head. "It's terrible." He said and took out a box from the drawer: "Optical Inspection Tools" was printed on the lid. Open the box... Lin Hanlong picked up a pair of clean cotton gloves and put them on. He took out another piece
Place the flannel cloth, place a convex lens on the flannel cloth, and then place a piece of flat glass on the convex lens.
"Look, Lao Zhan, how good this interference ring is."
Zhong Lishi got closer and could vaguely see the shadows of layers of concentric rings on the plate glass in the sunlight. He knew that this was the interference phenomenon of light, but he had no idea how to judge whether it was good or bad.
"Look at what I did again." Dr. Zhong spent a lot of effort this time to see some messy shadows. "The interference pattern is deformed as a whole. The distortion shows that there is too much local deviation, and the round shape is not what it should be."
It can be said that the ring does not exist."
"This is my first time doing this...it is inevitable to have no experience." Zhong Lishi said, picking up a piece of glass and putting it in the sun to focus.
"Look at how small the light spot is. I think it's done very well."
"The accuracy still needs to be improved."
"What level of accuracy do you plan to improve to?"
"According to optical industry standards, one quarter
o within a long time.”
Zhong Lishi almost fell into the table game: "Did you make a mistake? Guang
o
Oh, it’s calculated in nanometers!”
"Yes. This is the standard."
"This is the 17th century! Can you please follow the standards of the 17th century? According to modern standards, what does everyone do? Is it a waste? Isn't it worse than a waste?"
Lin Hanlong remained silent.
"Can this thing be used as a telescope? Can a 17th-century standard telescope be used?"
"That's definitely much more than that."
"That's enough. I think you did a good job." Zhong Lizhi patted Lin Hanlong on the shoulder... "Let's wrap up these and present gifts to the Senate."
Lin Hanlong was appointed as chief engineer of optics on the same day, specifically responsible for the R&D and manufacturing of various optical products. This title means that he has a formal scope of authority, instead of being an ordinary veteran engineering technician in the past. The optical factory's
The establishment has also been included on the agenda of the executive committee. For Lin Hanlong, the biggest change at the moment is that there is an older skilled worker in the workshop. It is Cai Shengjie, the father of his apprentice Cai Junjie. The names of the father and son
He obtained them all, and originally they were called Cai Da and Cai Sanshi respectively.
Lin Hanlong was embarrassed to ask Cai Shengjie, who was much older than himself, to call him master... so he just asked him to be a worker in the optical workshop. Cai Shengjie is a very skilled coppersmith - a coppersmith is roughly the term among traditional craftsmen.
The role of a fitter...is to do hardware processing and repair work. Therefore, when the fitter job was first introduced to China, it was called "foreign coppersmith".
In the past, Cai Shengjie lost his ability to work due to his old eyesight and could only work as an ordinary laborer. Now with the reading glasses made by Lin Hanlong... he can return to front-line work again.
Of course, being a skilled worker earns much more than an unskilled laborer, and his craftsmanship is highly appreciated by Lin Hanlong, so Cai Shengjie is very motivated to work. He works with Lin Hanlong until late at night every day without taking it seriously.
I came to the workshop to work again at around six o'clock in the morning.
It was around four o'clock in the afternoon in the Bairen Industrial Zone. It was still early for the day shift workers to get off work, and there were not many people on the street. After the Chengmai victory, the ambushers who were patrolling with guns and live ammunition were
The soldiers of the O Army have disappeared, leaving only the "worker pickets" carrying sticks on their backs, wearing work caps and "picket" armbands, walking past in groups of five. The workers' pickets are mainly composed of on-the-job worker militias.
The security organization takes turns patrolling the industrial zone every morning and evening. Their authority is limited to patrolling and conducting inspections in the industrial zone. With the vigorous development of the industrial zone, the number of theft cases in the industrial zone has also begun to increase.
Although the laws in Lingao are very strict, once caught stealing, the minimum penalty is to be sent to a labor camp for six months. The worst penalty is to be sent to Sanya Mining. However, the large number of products and production raw materials in the industrial zone attracted a large number of people who wanted to make a fortune.
People who make a fortune: After the Qiongzhou Raiders ended, a large number of people from other counties began to flow into Lingao in search of more lucrative job opportunities. Of course, they also included many "loafers" who were not doing their jobs. This made the original Lingao tightly controlled and orderly.
The society was caught off guard, and security incidents increased significantly. For this reason... Ran Yao, while strengthening the police force, began to reinstate the day and night patrol system of workers' pickets adopted during the preparations for the war.
The three people turned around from the street corner and strode towards the gate of the factory area. The leader was Lin Hanlong. He was dressed as a Chinese migrant worker in the early 21st century, wearing a colorful sweatshirt, and a bulging black canvas bag slung over his shoulder.
, is also a cheap computer bag that was common on the streets in the early 21st century. He was wearing a wide-brimmed wicker safety helmet to protect himself from the sun. Behind him, an old man and a young man, were two people wearing blue work clothes. Both of them were carrying yellow bags that were not old and new.
The green satchel...the color is already mottled. The old one is holding a large oil paper umbrella, and the small one is also holding a bamboo tube.
After a while, the three of them had arrived at the south gate of the factory area. There was originally a gun tower guarding this place. When the situation was tense before the second counter-encirclement and suppression campaign, a second gate was built inside the gate, which was made like a barricade. Come to work.
The crowd entering the first gate was like going through airport security. They lined up along the railings and were searched one by one before they could be let in. There were soldiers with guns on top of the second gate, staring at the crowd eagerly.
Now the second gate is still there, and the soldiers and body search procedures are gone. Both gates are open during the rush hour, and only a few guards are keeping a close eye on the people coming in and out. It is not off-duty time, and no one comes in or out of the gate. Lin Hanlongna
They took out their own passes...the two attendants behind them also took out their own bamboo board workers' cards. The guards did not stop them, they just looked at the time and then made a few entries in the entry and exit register.
There is a track system laid in the industrial zone to transport workers, equipment, and materials. The original gas locomotive has been officially replaced by a steam locomotive. The Meteor 2 is pulling the gondola wagon... on the track at a speed of 10 to 20 seconds.
Driving at a speed of kilometers.
The steaming locomotive, the criss-crossing railway tracks, the iron-wood frame structure of the pedestrian bridge and the people on the road and the people wearing blue work clothes on the train construct a rough, but specific and subtle microcosm of industrialization. The sound of the whistle
One after another, the loudspeakers in the factory area are constantly playing music: "We Workers Have Power" and other songs listed as "hymns" by the Ministry of Culture and Publicity. From time to time, a female announcer's high-pitched but non-standard voice will be heard from the loudspeakers.
The Mandarin broadcast was nothing more than what new achievements a certain workshop had achieved today, and which worker had exceeded the production quota... It formed a chaotic but vibrant industrial sound.
Lin Hanlong stopped on platform No. 6 at the entrance of the factory...he looked at the stop sign out of habit: the Ministry of Science and Technology is the last stop...
The small commuter train runs every fifteen minutes. In addition to pulling people, it also loads goods. The small gondola that carries passengers is very simple...just add guardrails around the gondola and install two rows of wooden benches with backrests. Sitting on it, you can fully enjoy the factory area.
Noise and soot-smelling air.
Lin Hanlong, like many veterans who work in industrial areas, usually takes the small train in the factory area or simply walks or rides a bicycle. This is not to deliberately express "people-friendly", but is just a habit they brought from the old time and space.
After getting off the bus at the Ministry of Science and Technology Station, Lin Hanlong walked for almost ten minutes before arriving at a factory. A white-on-black sign at the door of the factory said "Optical Experimental Factory of the Ministry of Science and Technology." This was the newly built one approved by the Executive Committee.
The optical industry is located, and the person in charge is Lin Hanlong. It is said to be an optical factory, but it is actually just a workshop.
The Ministry of Science and Technology originally had several vacant workshops. Lin Hanlong picked one with a suitable area and first asked a construction company to "decorate" the interior. In fact, it meant dividing the internal space and installing some special equipment. Then he added it again
The machinery and equipment manufactured for him by the machinery factory were installed one by one.
It is small and large-scale.
There are not many people in the workshop. The light is projected from the rows of windows near the roof. It looks quite bright. The workshop is very quiet. The optical factory is not officially in operation yet, and basically operates according to Lin Hanlong's schedule.
Lin Hanlong attended several meetings of the Industrial Energy Commission this morning to discuss technical routes. In the afternoon, he went to the machinery factory to help solve some problems. He was busy until almost three o'clock. Then he turned his attention to the work of the optical factory.
.
When he walked into the workshop, he noticed that the gas light valve had been turned off. Two days ago, a night shift worker in a workshop did not turn off the gas light valve when he got off work in the morning. The result became a typical example in the "Safety Bulletin". Safety education is indeed a must.
It’s all about laziness. It’s not finished yet. To be continued.!