Central Asia is the center of the Eurasian continent and the crossroads from the east to the west. It has always been a strategic location. In the eighteenth century, there were three main countries in Central Asia, namely the Khiva Khanate and the Burmese Khanate.
The Khala Khanate and the Kokand Khanate. Among them, the Kokand Khanate was established last, but it was the most powerful country. However, these countries were all wiped out during the expansion of Russia. Among them, the Kokand Khanate
The Khanate was destroyed by Russia in 1876.
From the 16th to the 17th century, Fergana belonged to the Bukhara Khanate, and later gradually broke away from its control. In 1710, Shah Rukh, the leader of the Minge clan in Uzbekistan, established an independent state with the city of Kokand as its capital. In 1760 (Mid.
In the 25th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty), Erdeni, the ruler of Kokand, surrendered to China. His successor Narbuta (reigned from 1770 to 1800) strengthened Kokand's rule over Fergana and continued to control Fergana.
China claims vassalage
, Alim (reigned from 1800 to 1809) began to adopt the title of Khan. He won the battle with Bukhara for Hozhant and Ulla Qube, and conquered Tashkent and Shymkent. In Omar Khan (
1
Under the rule of Madali Khan (full name Muhammad Ali, reigned 1822-1842), the Khanate entered its heyday. Its territory borders the Aral Sea to the northwest, including the Syr Darya River
The Kazakh grasslands near the lower reaches; the northeast extended to the Chinese region south of Balkhash Lake; and the southernmost mountainous territories such as Karatijin. Madali Khan repeatedly invaded the Kashgar region of China and tried his best to support the rebellion of the descendants of Hezhuo there.
During the period of Hudyar Khan (1845-1858), the rulers of the Khanate took advantage of the unrest in Xinjiang to attempt to invade Chinese territory. In 1865, Agub, the commander of Akmegit Fortress of the Khanate, invaded China.
In the southern Xinjiang region of the country, he called himself Khan. In 1876 (the second year of Guangxu), the Qing government sent Zuo Zongtang to march into Xinjiang to crush the reactionary Agube regime that attempted to split China. On the other hand, the conflict between the Kokand Khanate and the Bukhara Khanate
confrontation
Intensified, Muzaffar al-Din, the then-reigning Emir of Bukhara, occupied Kokand twice (1863, 1865), thereby weakening the Kokand Khanate's ability to resist Russian aggression. In early 1876, Russia annexed Kokand.
After the war between China and Russia, Central Asia has also become a key area for China and Russia to compete. In previous battles, the Chinese army annihilated most of the Russian troops deployed in the Turkestan Governor-General in Almaty.
, even Governor Alex was almost caught. After the Battle of Alma-Ata, the northwest
A small number of troops were left on the battlefield to continue to clear out the Russian army in the Turkestan Governor-General, while the main force went north to the Balkhash Lake area. They were prepared to meet the reinforcements dispatched by the Russian army from Europe. At the same time, they waited for an opportunity to go north to cut off the Trans-Siberian Railway and cut off the Russian army's access to the East.
Reinforcements from the Siberian battlefield to cope with the northern battlefield.
In addition to military strikes, China's strategy in Central Asia also includes political means. Agents of the Military Intelligence Agency are active everywhere and interact with Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Turkmen and Tajiks in Central Asia.
The leaders contacted and asked them to defect to China, and China was willing to let them establish their own country after defeating Russia.
Russia's annexation of Central Asia has not been long, so the resistance of these Central Asian peoples to Russia is still relatively fierce. Even Russia's large-scale immigration to Central Asia has not extinguished the resistance of these Central Asian peoples, but has become more and more intense.
Especially after the war between China and Russia, these Central Asian people took advantage of the situation and
They started to attack Russian settlements, robbed their property, killed their men, used Russian women and children as slaves, etc. However, the scale of these resistances was not large. This is also the case for these Central Asian ethnic groups.
, fearing that if they fail, they will not be able to support it when Russia settles its scores.
China took the initiative to show goodwill to these ethnic groups in Central Asia, which made these ethnic groups overjoyed. Since ancient times, these Central Asian ethnic groups have been surrendered to the Eastern Central Plains dynasty for a long time. However, these Central Asian ethnic groups,
We are also wary of China
This can be seen from the fact that once they became stronger, they wanted to get rid of China and even launched an attack on China. However, after Central Asia was annexed by Russia, these Central Asian ethnic groups were brutally suppressed by Russia, which made
Their life was very difficult.
In early May, Lieutenant General Liu Zhiye, commander of the Fifth Army, met with the leaders of the five major ethnic groups in Central Asia in Karaganda, north of Lake Balkhash, to discuss the future of Central Asia. Lieutenant General Liu Zhiye said that China has no plans for Central Asia.
There is no ambition, China just wants to take back the occupied territory. The remaining territory can be distributed to the five major ethnic groups in Central Asia, and China supports them in establishing their own countries.
Lieutenant General Liu Zhiye's answer made the leaders of the five major tribes in Central Asia very happy. Now that China is winning steadily on the battlefield and completely defeating Russia, it is not a delusion. With China's support, then the five major tribes of Central Asia will
It was really very possible to establish their own country. This gave them hope of restoring their country. So, these leaders accepted Lieutenant General Liu Zhiye's proposal and formed an alliance with China.
Of course, Lieutenant General Liu Zhiye also took the opportunity to propose that China would support them with a large number of weapons and required all ethnic groups to build their own armies to fight alongside China. However, these armies must obey China's commands during wartime. At the same time, in order to improve these
To improve the combat effectiveness of the army, China will send out low-level officers to train the army for them.
Regarding Lieutenant General Liu Zhiye's request, these leaders agreed after a slight hesitation. These ethnic groups are still nomadic people. Although their riding skills may be very good, their equipment is very rubbish. This is why they were annexed by Russia.
With the instructors sent by the Chinese ** team, their combat effectiveness can be effectively improved. This is also of great benefit to several large families in Central Asia.
Of course, China will not give up on the importance of Central Asia. However, for the time being, China still needs the support of these ethnic groups, so it has stated that it will not annex them. However, the instructors sent by the ** team have controlled these ethnic groups.
The army of a large ethnic group, and then China invaded these ethnic groups economically, making them completely dependent on China.
Yong. By then, even if they are not incorporated into China, it will be no different from being actually annexed by China. In addition, most of the leaders of these Central Asian nations are short-sighted. After driving away the Russians, they will
They will inevitably indulge in pleasure. By then, it will no longer be a problem for China to annex Central Asia.
After that, these five central clans, with the help of China, established armies one after another, with a total strength of 100,000, all of which were cavalry. The weapons they used were weapons captured by China from Russia. In the Northeast
battlefield, northern battlefield and northwest battlefield, center**
After the team won the battle, they also captured a lot of weapons, which were used to equip the armies of the various ethnic groups in Central Asia. Of course, our people must have different intentions. China is just using these Central Asian ethnic groups.
, of course they will not be given very good equipment. Therefore, these Central Asian army equipment
They only have sabers, rifles, and a very small number of heavy machine guns. There are no cannons at all. These Central Asian ethnic groups cannot operate weapons with such high technical content. Of course, this also makes these Central Asian armies
Their combat effectiveness is relatively poor. It would be wrong to let them fight head-on with the Russian army.
It's possible. What they were responsible for was to harass the Russian army's rear and cut off the Russian army's logistical supply lines. For the cavalry, which came and went like the wind, this task was very easy. Soon, Central Asia was full of war, and the war was going on.
The Russian army, which was confronting the Chinese troops, was even more miserable.
At the same time, the Russians living in Central Asia have also suffered a great disaster because of this. These Central Asian ethnic groups are often beaten by these Russians. Now that China is supporting them, they can be considered proud and proud. Many of them are proud of it.
Russians killed, corpses
The women were tied to crosses, and the women were brutally raped. China remained silent on this. Although the things these Central Asian peoples did were not very good, these Russians were obviously not good birds either.
You could say it's tit for tat!
At the end of May, the Russian army was exhausted by the armies of various ethnic groups in Central Asia. At this time, the Fifth Army and the First Cavalry Army launched a fierce attack on the Russian army. The main location of the battle was Astana.
.The Russian army has gathered 200,000 troops in this area. However, now it is only a 200,000-strong army with no logistics.
The battle was very fierce. Although the Russian army fought very tenaciously, in the face of the fierce attack of the Chinese Army and the overwhelming firepower and manpower advantages of the Chinese Army, the Russian army persisted for five days.
, or failed.
On May 31, the remaining tens of thousands of troops broke out from Astana and attempted to escape back to Siberia. However, they were pursued and intercepted by armies of various ethnic groups in Central Asia along the way, making their move difficult. In the end, they were defeated by the Fifth Army and the First Army.
The cavalry army caught up and wiped them all out.
By this time, the main force of the Russian army in the entire Central Asia region had been eliminated, leaving only some small groups of Russian troops. And these small groups of Russian troops no longer threatened the Chinese troops.
It is even difficult to say whether they can withstand the attacks from armies of various ethnic groups in Central Asia. The entire Central Asia has basically been included in China's influence.
Within the scope of its capabilities. However, the Chinese ** team is now unable to continue to pursue the Russian army and has to hand over this task to the armies of various ethnic groups in Central Asia. After the battle of Irkutsk started, orders from the base camp required
The Fifth Army and the First Cavalry Army in the northwest battlefield went north to Omsk and cut off the Trans-Siberian Railway! (To be continued.)
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