Chapter four hundred and sixty seventh invite virtuous
Speaking of this, his voice suddenly rose:
"All the people in the world are the private property of the king. Therefore, the minister's position is appointed by the king, and the responsibilities are also designated by the king. Everything the minister manages is the king's private property. It is natural that he must obey the king's orders everywhere. So Taoists have always said that
It is not surprising that the saying "the emperor worries about the humiliation of his ministers, and the emperor will humiliate his ministers will die". Under these various constraints, ministers can only spend most of their energy on how to figure out their superiors' intentions and how to get promoted and make a fortune.
When the world is in chaos and is about to endanger their own interests, they will not be willing to do things for the people."
Ding Yunyi even claimed: "I heard that Mr. Nan Lei also suggested restoring the prime minister system?"
"Yes, I have said it on many occasions." Huang Zongxi did not deny it at all: "The most critical step in limiting the power of the monarch is to appoint a prime minister. There is no good governance since the emperor dismissed the prime minister. In ancient times, a king treated his ministers.
When the minister bows, the king must answer the bow, and they are equal. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, it was abolished and no longer talked about. However, the prime minister came forward, the emperor took the throne, and under the leadership of the public, the relationship between host and guest was still maintained to a certain extent. Now that the prime minister is removed, there is no one who can interact with him.
The emperor was matched. In this way, the emperor became more superior, more servile to his officials, more arbitrary, and did whatever he wanted. Secondly, according to the feudal system, the emperor passed down his sons, but not all the sons of the emperor were virtuous. In this case, it was fortunate that the prime ministers
Failure to pass on the virtuous to his sons is enough to remedy the situation. However, after the prime minister is dismissed, none of the emperor's sons will be virtuous, let alone virtuous. This will inevitably bring endless disasters to the country and the people...
"
The more he talked, the more excited he became: "Again, the responsibilities of the cabinet bachelor established after the abolition of the prime minister are only to serve as advisers and to comment on the emperor's decrees. The cabinet has no staff and no effective organization. Its powers are very light and cannot be used at all.
Compared with the prime ministers of the past, the cabinet had no real power, and the emperor was unable or unwilling to handle political affairs, so he relied on a group of ferocious palace slaves to rule. This gave rise to the eunuch power that was most harmful and huge in the Ming Dynasty."
"What should Mr. Yi want?" Ding Yunyi said calmly.
Huang Zongxi had already made up his mind: "There should be one prime minister. Several people should participate in political affairs, and they should discuss government affairs with the emperor in the side hall every day with other ministers. The emperor will comment on the chapters, and if the emperor cannot complete them, then the prime minister will approve them, and the next six ministries will implement them. Updated
There is no need to submit it to the emperor, and forward the draft in the cabinet; the cabinet also submits it to the emperor and then goes down to the yamen like a story, so that the power comes from the palace slaves. In addition, the prime minister sets up a political hall with several rooms below to take charge of the world's common affairs;
Nothing is wrong. The establishment of a prime minister is an effective measure to limit the excessive expansion of monarchy. But it is not a responsible cabinet system. Because the emperor still holds great power and is still the true head of state."
Ding Yunyi doesn't agree with this very much.
The cabinet system of the Ming Dynasty was actually very advanced. Although on the surface the prime minister was abolished, the monarch became more arbitrary. In fact, the result of development was that the monarch was subject to greater institutional restrictions when exercising power than in the past. Those who wanted to be arbitrary
There are more difficulties.
Of course, in actual implementation, these systems will always be affected by various factors and errors will occur. This is not the fault of the system itself.
Although Ding Yunyi thought so in his heart, he did not say it in front of Huang Zongxi.
Huang Zongxi went on to say: "There is another problem with schools. To make schools a place for public opinion and discussion of politics is another measure to limit the power of the monarch. The establishment of schools is not only for raising scholars, let alone for imperial examinations. It is necessary
All the tools for governing the world should come from the school, and then the idea of establishing a school begins. Specifically, on the one hand, it is necessary to form a good custom, so that in the court, the details of the palace will be gradually rubbed, and there will be poetry and books.
Qi. On the other hand, it forms a powerful force of public opinion to try to influence the political situation. Only in this way can thieves and evildoers be made evil, and the heart will be frightened by the frost and snow of righteousness. The king will be safe and the country can be protected. The sacrifice wine of the Imperial University should be chosen in the world.
As a great scholar, his status should be equal to that of the prime minister. On the first day of each year, the emperor, the prime minister, the six ministers, admonishers, etc. all have to go to Taixue.
To be blunt, the academic officials in counties and counties are also appointed by Confucian masters. On the first and fifteenth day of each month, there is a gathering of Jin gentry and scholars from a city; county officials must also go to listen to the academic officials' lectures and supervise the disciples' lectures.
present."
Ding Yunyi nodded slightly. Although Huang Zongxi's idea is impossible to realize now, it is commendable. The constitutional monarchy plan has already begun to sprout in Huang Zongxi.
"Everything in the world comes from the court. What the monarch admires, everyone thinks it is correct; what the monarch dislikes, everyone criticizes with words and writings for fear of being inferior. Specific matters such as accounting, purchasing, activities, and public security are all
Leave it to the officials below to deal with it. In this environment, talented people will occasionally come out, so everyone thinks that the school is of no use. In fact, their so-called school is just a place to hang out, everyone is greedy for profit, and always thinks that the school is useless
They use the likes and dislikes of the government to guide their academic direction. This has nothing to do with schools in the real sense. People with real talents and learning are often self-taught and have nothing to do with what the world calls schools. Therefore, the so-called school education
Talking about talent is basically bullshit!" Huang Zongxi's words at this time were quite cynical:
"During the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were 30,000 college students in the country. Their discussions on state affairs were sharp and profound, and they did not excuse officials. The senior officials at that time were very afraid of being discussed by them. During the Song Dynasty, college students knelt in front of the imperial court.
Beating drums to petition, asking the upright Li Gang to come out. Only in these two examples can we see some traces of the school legacy from ancient times. If the rulers at that time could correct what the students thought were incorrect,
Then the evil spirits must be overpowered by the righteous spirits, and only then can the country stand erect if the monarch is upright. However, many people regard the events of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Song Dynasty college students as signs of the country's demise, but they do not know that the country's demise was precisely because of the suppression of speech and the detention of dissidents.
, and these actions are a kind of destruction to the school's tradition of pursuing true knowledge. How can we blame the students for deliberately causing trouble?
So many common people were born, and the responsibility for their education and upbringing was entrusted to the king. However, after the land allotment system was abandoned, the common people bought their own land to make a living. And the king had to impose taxes to harass them; education existed in name only, and the common people lost their education.
Opportunities. And the king still uses fame and fortune to seduce them. Isn't this very heartless? But the king still clings to a false name and calls him "lord father". This is nothing more than deceiving the ignorant people!
"
The more he spoke, the angrier he became, and the louder he spoke, and in the end he was just banging the table.
Ding Yunyi listened with a slight smile, Huang Zongxi. Is he probably the biggest angry youth of this era?
Once such a person uses it, it is a double-edged sword. If he uses it well, it will be of great help to him, but if he uses it poorly, it will hurt himself.
However, in Huang Zongxi's mind, he opposed the single imperial examination and advocated the use of multiple channels to recruit talents, and used the system to prevent the children of high-ranking officials from unfairly defeating civilians in the admission process by relying on the power of their elders. The admission targets were expanded to include minors.
Officials are people who know a lot about things, including calendar calculation, music rhythm, prediction, fortune telling, firearms, water conservancy, etc., people who write letters and comment on things, etc.
This is quite to Ding Yunyi's liking.
After venting all his thoughts one by one, Huang Zongxi breathed a sigh of relief: "I have been here for a long time, and I have never been so comfortable with others. Today I made my husband laugh."
Ding Yunyi smiled lightly and said: "Sir is a great talent, why are you willing to avoid living here?"
"Some people recommended that I come to Fujian to join Ding Yunyi, the Fujian general soldier." Huang Zongxi did not hide anything: "But I think he is a martial artist, how can he like me, a scholar who can only complain in vain?"
"That's not necessarily true." Ding Yunyi shook his head: "Although Ding Yunyi is a martial artist, he respects you scholars very much. He is also a good friend of the great scholar Zhang Pu. With your talent, why not give it a try?
"
Huang Zongxi smiled bitterly: "I'm afraid that if I go there, others may not like it."
"If you don't try, sir, you will never know the truth." Ding Yunyi laughed loudly: "I can guarantee you, as long as you are gone, Ding Yunyi and Ding Xiangwen will definitely be able to use you."
"Ding Yunyi. Ding Xiangwen?" Huang Zongxi muttered these two names, and suddenly thought of something that shocked him: "Ding Xiangwen? Xiang Wending? Could it be that you are Ding Yunyi, the commander-in-chief of Fujian?"
"How dare you, how can you call my lord by his name?" Jiang Qi, who had been waiting on the side, said in a low voice.
Huang Zongxi was really shocked at this time. He stood up in a hurry and bowed his head: "Huang Zongxi didn't know that the Lord of the Town was trying to talk nonsense. It is a capital crime!"
"You are indeed guilty of a capital crime. You said so many treasonous words." Ding Yunyi sighed, and suddenly smiled: "Sir, don't be afraid. Most of what you are thinking is the same as mine..."
.Mr. Nan Lei, please sit down."
Huang Zongxi sat down, confused and unsure of what the mayor would do with him.
Ding Yunyi took a sip of wine and said slowly: "Sir is full of talent, but there are some things that have not yet been said. It doesn't matter if you say it in front of me, but if it gets out, I'm afraid it will cause disaster.
"
"It's just a matter of death." Huang Zongxi, however, was not too afraid: "I know what kind of person I am, so I have long been prepared to lose my head."
"Mr. Nan Lei wants to die, but I can't bear to do that." Ding Yunyi laughed loudly: "I still want to make good use of him."
Huang Zongxi was startled, and then he heard Ding Yunyi say: "I won't hide it from you, sir. I am formulating a new law to restrict the rights of those officials and really do something for the people. But there is a lack of such around me.
I have a lot of talents, I wonder if sir would be willing to help me out?"
Huang Zongxi was stunned for a moment. He did not expect that Ding Yunyi not only had no intention of blaming himself, but actually wanted to use himself.
"I told you, Zhang Pu is also a good friend of mine." Ding Yunyi said indifferently: "I also heard that Zhang Pu once introduced you to me, but Mr. Zhang avoided me just because I was a warrior. This
It seems a little inappropriate."
Huang Zongxi nodded: "Yes, Mr. Ximing even wrote a letter to the main town for you, but to be honest, I think in my heart that the main town may not pay attention to people like me.
Maybe they will chop my head off because of my remarks."
Ding Yunyi laughed "haha": "No, no, I still have to have a good discussion with my husband. For example, my husband once said, the market has stopped, people's living conditions have been taken away by the emperor, and taxes and salaries will always increase."
There are no restrictions. From the perspective of citizens, Mr. calls for reducing the burden of military expenditures and advocates the implementation of a conscription system; he opposes the recruitment system. I agree with this, but Mr. said that farmers have no land to cultivate, and the land is owned by the royal family, relatives, and eunuchs.
Occupied by powerful officials and powerful local officials, taxation and heavy servitude are extremely heavy. Take the area south of the Yangtze River as an example. Once trapped in taxes, and then again in servitude, the skin is gone but the bones remain... The gentleman advocates reducing taxes.
I don’t agree with this.”
"Oh, why?" Huang Zongxi asked curiously.
Ding Yunyi thoughtfully said: "Actually, since the Ming Dynasty, taxes have been very low, too low, and even tax revenue has been abnormally low. But I have never been an official, so I don't know this. You and I
We can talk about this all night long."
Ding Yunyi was indeed right about this, and Huang Zongxi did not know much about these things.
Speaking of this, Ding Yunyi's face straightened: "Sir, I am very hungry for talents. Fujian has just experienced turmoil. If you are willing to come out to help me, it will definitely make me more powerful. Besides, let me tell you something big, these remarks and thoughts of Mr.
My Fujian will no longer have any place to show off."
Huang Zongxi looked at him blankly for a while: "Can the town really tolerate heresy like me in the eyes of others?"
"Yes!" Ding Yunyi answered very affirmatively: "Others think what you said is heresy, but I know it is right, but some of the ideas need to be discussed. If you are willing to come out, you can help me improve it.
The new law I am formulating can also continue to be completed and completed, so that it can be passed down to all generations!"
"Headquarters!" Huang Zongxi's words were full of gratitude: "Huang Zongxi hit a wall everywhere and was looked down upon by others. I thought it was the same in Fujian, so I never saw the general town. But now it seems that I treat it like a villain.
The heart of a gentleman. Huang Zongxi is willing to go out and follow the general town to show his ambition!"
"Sir, I'd like to thank you in advance!" Ding Yunyi said loudly, "I will definitely let your talent develop to the greatest extent with me."
Huang Zongxi finally agreed to come out, and this also gave Ding Yunyi one more useful talent! (To be continued Piaotian Registered members of literature recommend this work