Chapter 1052: I have three strategies: upper, middle and lower.
Chapter 1061 I have three strategies: upper, middle and lower.
Immediately he and Zhang Yue came to the main hall of Chongzheng Hall.
Zhang Yue was very familiar with Chongzheng Hall. At that time, this hall was called Jiangwu Hall, but it was later renamed for political correctness.
During the palace examination, I answered questions in the two corridors of this hall. Later, the roll call for the palace examination and the royal examination were also held here.
Zhang Yue took his first official post as a storyteller in Chongzheng Hall after becoming an official, and he also gained glory here.
Now on the main hall of Chongzheng Hall is the familiar topographic map of Shaanxi's Five Roads.
This map also represents the determination of the officials. Originally this map was not placed here, but it has been placed here since the ninth year of Xining.
Other occasions such as palace examinations were moved to separate halls. The Chongzheng Hall was only used when discussing military matters with ministers, and it restored its original function of the "Martial Arts Hall".
And this topographic map of Shaanxi's five roads represents the emperor's heart and mind.
Now, the government officials, who are color block madmen, have painted almost all the color blocks on the Xihe Road and Qinfeng Road sides, and the most conspicuous one in the center is the Xingling hinterland of Xixia.
From north to south are Hedong Road, Fuyan Road, Huanqing Road and Jingyuan Road of the Song Dynasty.
Zhang Yue held a wooden stick and said to the officials: "Your Majesty, please see, there are two Jinglue envoys on the right of Xia Kingdom, and four Jinglue envoys on the left of Xia Kingdom."
There is something special about the setting up of the Jinglue envoys. Why are there five, not three, four or six or seven?
Because one strategic route corresponds to the direction of Xixia's attack on the Song Dynasty.
Therefore, theoretically, there were five directions for the Song Dynasty to attack Xia, namely Hedong Road, Yanyan Road, Huanqing Road, Jingyuan Road. In the past, there was also Qinfeng Road, but with Zhang Yue's sudden advance on Xihe Road, Qinfeng Road is now
It is included by Xihe Road and no longer borders Xixia.
Therefore, the six strategic routes correspond to the five directions of Xixia's attack on the Song Dynasty, or the direction of the Song Dynasty's attack on Xixia.
"The terrain of the original Shaanxi Road is broken and crisscrossed with ravines, and the only way to travel between rivers and rivers is through river valleys. Yanyan Road runs along the Luo River, Huanqing Road runs along the Maling River, Jingyuan Road runs along the Jing River, and Qinfeng Road runs along the Wei River."
“There are mountains and rivers blocking each road. For example, Ziwu Ridge blocks between Fuyan Road and Huanqing Road, Liupanshan and Longshan blocks between Jingyuan Road and Qinfeng Road. Only Huanqing Road and Jingyuan Road have little traffic.
Because all the strategic roads in Shaanxi are built along the river valley, it is a long strip."
After listening to Zhang Yue's words, the officials couldn't help but lament what it means for professional people to do professional things.
The roads in Shaanxi and Hedong seemed to be in the palm of his hand. Zhang Yue said: "Your Majesty, you must not look at the map like this, but it can be clearly seen by drawing it on a sand table and simulating the height difference with scale."
The military map of Shaanxi's Fourth Route must be viewed on a sandbox. There are two points less than one mile directly on the map, but you need to go around a river valley and walk dozens of miles to reach them.
Therefore, the entire situation of Shaanxi and Xixia is one horizontal and several vertical. The horizontal is the horizontal mountains, and the vertical is the various strategic routes divided by river valleys and mountains.
Once Xixia sent troops, each strategic envoy could only respond to the battle on its own. Among them, the Fuyan Road was under the greatest pressure and was also an area heavily fortified by the Song Army.
Therefore, the long-term thinking of the Song Army was to seize Hengshan and connect the vertical routes to avoid being defeated by the Xixia. In this way, they could attack, retreat, and defend, and the Xixia would not be a threat.
Zhang Yue's analysis is almost the same at this point.
Zhang Yue said to the emperor: "Your Majesty, I think there are three strategies for attacking Xia, the upper, middle and lower levels!"
In ancient times, counselors liked to propose three strategies: middle and lower, and there are twenty-nine such records in history books.
Why do counselors like to offer three strategies?
There is a saying on the Internet that the best policy is the recommended configuration, the middle policy is the minimum configuration, and the worst policy is if you must do this, there is a risk exemption agreement, you sign it first.
And history tells us that those who receive advice often do not choose the best policy, but mostly choose the worst policy, that is, 'ignore the risks and continue to install' (you know).
Of course, officials must know what the three strategies of upper, middle and lower are. Pang Tong planned Xichuan for Liu Bei, Sima Yi consulted Gongsun Yuan, and Li Mi admonished Yang Xuangan. These were all three strategies.
At this time, the official said: "From what you see, I ordered the five military commanders to attack Xia in one direction, so that the head and tail of Xixia can't see each other. What do you think?"
Zhang Yue faced the officials and said directly: "Your Majesty, this is the next step!"
Why does the art of war always talk about advancing separately and attacking together, rather than pushing forward all the way, to avoid the dilemma of "I don't care how many ways come, but I only go all the way".
It's a very simple reason. The logistical supply pressure of separate attacks and combined attacks is minimal.
If an army of half a million marches out in one route and if an army of five hundred thousand troops marches out in five routes, the logistics supply pressure of the former is several times that of the latter, and it grows geometrically.
Historically, the five-pronged expedition to summer was like this, with all five prongs attacking together.
Zhang Yue directly denied the historical decision-making of the official family. This was a bad policy and was not even considered.
The officials were full of embarrassment when they heard this, and finally said: "Of all the officials, you are the most familiar with military strategy. I hope you can tell me everything!"
Zhang Yue said: "My best strategy is to go out of Xihe, contact the Qingtang and Lanzhou Uighurs, seize Lanzhou, and intercept the Western trade after Liangzhou to facilitate our trade."
"This move will back the Westerners' backs and strangle their economy. Within a few years, the Western rebels will cause chaos in the country."
The official shook his head and said: "This method is too slow. What is the fastest way?"
Zhang Yue said: "The fastest way is to take the strategy of conquering Hengshan. The first city is Yinzhou, the second city is Yuzhou, the third city is Xiazhou, and the northern city is Yanzhou. Take Wu, Baierchi Salt and Li, and gradually advance."
The official said: "This method seems feasible?"
Zhang Yue said: "To send troops from Hedong Road, Fuyan Road, and Huanqing Road to attack Xia, they have to go through the vast dry sea and pass through uninhabited places. It is extremely difficult to supply."
"Even if it is captured, it cannot be defended. Even if a fortress is built, the journey is extremely long. Not only does it require heavy labor, but there is also the risk of the grain road being looted. If grain is transported to the inner line, the civilian service on the grain line is safe. If it goes to the outer line,
It requires troops to be stationed along the way and it is difficult to take care of it. Not only does it require heavy guarding, but it also requires the establishment of forts and stations for transportation, which consumes a lot of people's material and financial resources."
The failure of the Five-Road Expedition to Xia in history was due to the poor logistics supply of Hedong Road, Fuyan Road, and Huanqing Road, which also led to the collapse of Jingyuan Road.
Zhang Yue said: "Your Majesty, I observe that since the Qingli Dynasty, Wang Shi has fought dozens of battles with various parties. As long as I fight on the inside, I will win more, but if I fight on the outside, I will win less."
"Why Zhang Kai was able to achieve the great victory over Taoshui in the first place was because the Song army fought on the inside. Therefore, Wang's division was able to win with no logistical problems on the supply line."
Looking at the wars between the Song Dynasty and Xixia, there were still more wins than losses, which shows that the party troops were not that strong.
However, the Song army was defeated several times in external battles.
Zhang Yue's next best strategy was to build a line along Hengshan Mountain.
The official said: "What about Zhongce?"
Zhang Yue said: "Your Majesty, among the roads, only Jingyuan Road and Xihe Road are slightly slower. Jingyuan Road is an important link between Qinfeng Road and Huanqing Road. All the cities in the prefecture are distributed along the Jing River, and the Fan tribe is lush.
This road goes west from Weizhou, the commander's office, to Zhenrongjun. This place was Pingliang County in the past, and it was an important place for fighting with Xixia."
"After leaving Zhenrong, the army went down the Huluchuan River and passed through Xiaoguan to Mingsha on the south bank of the Yellow River. When the Yellow River froze, they walked northeast for more than a hundred miles to Lingzhou to cover the bandits' cave. Although this road is a little long
It’s far away, but the plains are wide and flat, with abundant grass and beautiful water.”
"The minister's strategy is to fully support Qian, Silk and Chusu on the Jingyuan Road, and then attack with loud noises from the four roads of Hedong, Yanyan, Huanqing, and Xihe. Each road will have more than ten thousand people, and six or seven thousand cavalry will be enough to harass them.
The enemy did not harm the baggage, and finally combined the heavy troops on the Jingyuan Road, crossed the Yellow River and went straight to the nest."
After hearing this, the official asked: "How much food will be needed for this road?"
"At least fifteen cities need to be laid for this route. The manpower and material resources mobilized are not as high as those of building Hengshan, but the risk is relatively small."
This is Zhang Yue’s middle strategy, which is the ‘minimum configuration’.
The best strategy is to take Liangzhou and Lanzhou and attack the enemy with their backs. It is like grabbing Xixia's throat and letting the opponent die bit by bit. This was also my original plan.
The next best option is to go to Hengshan. The risks have been clearly explained to you, but I strongly don’t recommend it.
But what the official heard at the moment was that he would definitely not accept the best policy, so what he could really implement were the middle and lower policies.
In fact, Zhang Yue's suggestion is the middle strategy.
When troops are sent from Hedong Road, Fuyan Road, and Huanqing Road to attack Xingling Prefecture, they have to worry about the supply line being too long, and they have to pass through barren and barren land.
Although the road out of Jingyuan requires building fortresses, the supply line is relatively short, and it passes through land with abundant water and grass. It can also recruit local Tibetan tribes for my use.
Of course, Zhongce also launched a five-pronged attack on Xia, but instead of grabbing his beard and eyebrows, he attacked one route as the main attack and the other four as a feint attack. The main force of the Song Army left the Jingyuan Road.
After the failure of the Five-Road Expedition to Xia, Li Xian proposed to join the army from this road, but the officials did not listen and chose to build Yongle City in the direction of Hengshan. In the fourth year of Shaosheng, Zhang Kai was appointed as the military envoy of Jingyuan Road.
, sent troops from the Zhenrong Army to build a leveled Xia City near the Huluchuan River, and attacked Xixia from there.
This move shocked the Xixia people and claimed that they had taken away their jobs and all their fields were occupied by the Han family.
So the Empress Dowager Liang and her son led a large-scale army to seize Pingxia City. After that, the Song Dynasty's greatest victory over Xixia was the Battle of Pingxia City.
After this battle, the Song army fully occupied Tiandu Mountain and Huluchuan. Xixia could hardly fight anymore and begged Liao for mediation. Zhang Dun, then prime minister, advocated taking advantage of the situation to destroy Xia, but the Song Dynasty was afraid of the threat of Liao and had to stop its troops.
Facts have proved that the Song army can defeat Xixia in the direction of small logistics.
Zhang Yue originally planned to capture the two states of Lianglan and then send troops from the Jingyuan Road to fight Xixia, but the officials' poor tactics forced him to throw out this premature theory in advance.
Therefore, there is no way to realize the best strategy, and we do not accept the worst strategy. The middle strategy of sending troops from Jingyuan Road is the minimum configuration.
Wang Anshi was trying to resist the Prime Minister, and he was the Prime Minister. They forced all officials to accept the suggestions, otherwise they would threaten them with words.
But this is not the case in Zhang Yue's governance. If the government really does not need my advice, I will not break up with you.
Of course, Zhang Yue could rely on his suggestion of opposing the Five-Road Expedition to Xia, and then turn around and prove that he was right after the Song army was defeated. For example, Sima Guang did nothing, but in the end he was politically correct all the way and became the biggest enemy after Xining Yuanfeng.
winner.
This move is most beneficial to oneself, but least beneficial to the country.
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