The Northern Expedition of the Nationalist Government in the South is proceeding vigorously, but in the face of the crisis, instead of uniting, Beiyang is still fighting openly and secretly for power!
Immediately after the death of Feng Guozhang, Cao Zuo took the position of chief, and the three governors of the Yangtze River followed Cao Ma's lead. The reason why Cao Zuo was able to sit firmly on the Diaoyutai was due to his favorite general, Wu Peifu, a rising star in Beiyang.
Although Wu Peifu was only a division commander, his every move, word and deed attracted the attention of the whole country. In Hunan, he first drove his troops forward quickly and was invincible. Then he refused to fight and called for peace. He could seize the time.
At the center of the bureau, use it well to win the sympathy and support of the broad masses of people.
Because of his ability and singing, both the soldiers from the north and the south looked at him with admiration. Cao Zuo was his direct commander. In this way, as the tide rose, all boats were lifted, and he became the well-deserved leader of the direct line.
Duan Qirui could have become Yuan Shikai's successor and the leader of the entire Beiyang faction, but because he was too headstrong, could not tolerate others, and trusted Xu Shuzheng, he lost the support of most people, and had to consolidate the Anhui clique to maintain self-respect. Xu Shuzheng was of course a character
, it's a pity that he is too domineering and too arrogant. He has made the greatest contribution to Duan and has the greatest influence on Duan. As for Fu Liangzuo, Wu Guangxin, Zhang Jingyao and others, they are Duan Qirui's burden. They are neither talents nor generals.
The rise of the Feng clique certainly had geographical advantages. In addition, when Duan Qirui was fighting overtly and covertly with Feng Guozhang, Xu Shuzheng proposed to bring Zhang Zuoshuang and Fengjun together to deal with the Zhili clique, which gave the Feng clique an opportunity to grow. Zhang Zuoshuang and the Wan clique were taking advantage of each other.
He took advantage of the Anhui clique and took advantage of it, so his ambition grew accordingly. This was a combination of interests and interests. When he felt that he had the power to do his own thing, he was unwilling to be manipulated by the Anhui clique.
Xu Shuzheng was even wanted to be liquidated.
After that, Duan Qirui's participating army was renamed the Border Defense Army, and later developed into three divisions and four mixed brigades. After the withdrawal of Waimenggu, Xu Shuzheng regarded himself as the "King of the Northwest" and wanted to compete with the "King of the Northeast"
Zhang Zuoshuang fought in separate courts, which forced Zhang Zuoshuang to unite with the Zhili clique. Zhang Zuoshuang and Cao Zuo were originally two different heroes, but now they unite to deal with Xu Shuzheng because Xu Shuzheng's past record is too terrible. He once killed the military adviser behind the Zhili clique.
Lu Jianzhang once wooed Zhang's subordinate Sun Liechen, and also deliberately colluded with Cao's favorite general Wu Peifu. In the minds of Zhang Zuoshuang and Cao Zuo, they believed: "This person must never succeed. If this person succeeds, there will be no one in our generation."
Yu Cao and Zhang united under the common premise of opposing Xu Shuzheng, so Zhili, Jiangsu,
A total of seven provinces, including Hubei, Jiangxi and the three eastern provinces, formed an anti-Anhui alliance.
The Seven Provinces Alliance received moral support and encouragement from Xu Shichang. When Yuan Shikai was still alive, Xu Shichang believed that Xu Shuzheng was a terrible figure, and the two leaders never got along.
The Seven Provinces Alliance did not oppose Duan Qirui at the beginning. Their slogan was "Qing Jun Side", which was to oppose Xu Shuzheng who was beside Duan Qirui. They hoped that Duan Qirui would be close to the virtuous and stay away from the villain.
This so-called villain refers to Xu Shuzheng.
What about Duan Qirui? He can't get rid of Xu Shuzheng due to external pressure. Sometimes the political union is fragile, sometimes it is very hard. Duan Qirui and Xu Shuzheng are inseparable, because Duan Qirui's new "border defense force" was established by Xu Shuzheng
, was in the hands of Xu Shuzheng at the same time, and the Anfu Congress was controlled by Xu Shuzheng. If Xu Shuzheng was removed, he would be disarmed, which would be equivalent to "self-destroying the Great Wall."
Since Duan Qirui could not accept the request of the Seven Provinces Alliance to "clear the emperor's side", the situation deteriorated beyond control. Because the purpose of the Seven Provinces Alliance could not be achieved, he had to go to extremes.
Unfortunately, the Anhui general Ni Sichong, the governor of Anhui, was seriously ill and was seeing gods and ghosts, which seemed to be a bad omen. When dealing with Feng Guozhang, the governor's army was spearheaded by Ni Sichong. He succeeded Zhang Xun as governor of Anhui and also accepted Zhang Xun's
Among the Anhui clique, the troops were finally more effective than Wu Guangxin and Fu Liangzuo. Now that the situation was precarious, Duan Qirui seemed to have lost his right and left hand. Because of Ni's critical illness, Ni's subordinate Ma Lianjia also wanted to seize the commander's seal, and Duan Qirui died.
The Ma Gang was in charge of Anhui's military affairs and wanted to send Duan Zhigui to succeed Anhui's governor, but Xu Shichang advocated the appointment of Jiang Guiti, a veteran of the Huai Army. Xu Duan's opinions were not unanimous, so Xu Shichang decided that until Ni Sichong died, he would not fill the vacancy or fill the vacancy.
The vanguard of the seven-province alliance's military remonstrance fell to Wu Peifu. Wu Peifu repeatedly called to request the troops to withdraw their defenses and return to Beijing, but the government ignored them.
While competing with each other endlessly, all parties have set their sights on Shanghai.
Because Shanghai is an international city, it has always occupied a special status. Therefore, the Songhu Military Envoy has also become a target of competition for the Beiyang Army!
In particular, the Zhijiang and Anhui cliques have never given up fighting for this position.
The Songhu Protectorate was not under the jurisdiction of the Jiangsu Governor in terms of the official system. When Yuan Shikai was planning to proclaim himself emperor, in order to contain Feng Guozhang, he sent the Fourth Division Commander Yang Shande to station in Shanghai and also serve as the Songhu Protector. Feng Guozhang had no regard for him during his tenure as the Jiangsu Governor.
The power could not reach Shanghai, and he was very unhappy and kept protesting to the Beijing government.
But the protest was a protest, and the Beijing government was unwilling to include Shanghai in Jiangsu. Later, when the Zhejiang Governor-General became vacant, Yang Shande led his troops to Hangzhou and obtained the Zhejiang Governor-General. This happened in November of the G year of the Republic of China. Feng Guozhang took the opportunity to move the Songhu Military Region
It was brought under the jurisdiction of the Jiangsu Governor-General, but this was only Feng's unilateral action. The Beijing government did not recognize it. Duan Qirui sent another strong general of the Anhui clique, Lu Yongxiang, commander of the 10th Division, to succeed Songhu as the protector. Feng Duan's early misunderstandings, Songhu
The battle for Shanghai was a major factor, and Feng's hopes were frustrated again because Lu Yongxiang succeeded him as the Songhu Protector.
After that, Yang Shande, the governor of Zhejiang Province, died of illness, and the Beijing government gave Yang 10,000 yuan in funeral expenses. In the Beiyang era, martial arts was emphasized over literature, as evidenced by the funeral expenses. The funeral expenses for military personnel were 10,000 yuan, and the funeral expenses for literati were 2,000 yuan, almost
Become a regular practice.
The Beijing government promoted Lu Yongxiang to acting governor of Zhejiang. At this time, Li Chun, the governor of Jiangsu, took the opportunity to request the recovery of the Songhu Military Region. The three governors of the Yangtze River who belonged to the Zhili clique jointly recommended Qi Xieyuan, commander of the Sixth Division, as the successor to the Songhu Military Region. But how could the Anhui clique do that?
Give up such an important territory in your hands?
Therefore, Lu Yongxiang urgently sent a secret message to the Beijing government to ensure that He Fenglin, commander of the 8th Brigade of the 4th Division, would succeed the Songhu Guards. As the governor of Zhejiang, Lu still served as the commander of the original 10th Division, and at the same time expanded the 4th Division left by Yang Shande.
As a division and a mixed brigade, He Fenglin, commander of the 8th Brigade of the 4th Division, was promoted to the Songhu Guards Envoy and concurrently as the commander of the mixed brigade. Chen Leshan, commander of the 7th Brigade of the 4th Division, was also recommended as the commander of the 4th Division.
The 1st Brigade of the 10th Division of Lu's direct line was stationed in Hangzhou and the 1st Brigade was stationed in Shanghai.
This arrangement made the Zhili clique very angry. However, the Zhili clique could not directly oppose it. Instead, they put forward the opinion that the Songhu Army Guards had a very high status and could not be succeeded by a brigade commander with a very junior qualification. The Zhili clique responded to this opinion and asked Beijing to
The government carefully considered the selection of the Songhu military envoy.
Of course, Lu Yongxiang would not let go of the territory he had acquired. His attitude was very resolute. He told the Beijing government that if it did not accept his opinion, he would not serve as the Zhejiang governor and would rather return to Songhu to protect the army. In fact, this was just
A gesture, just a demonstration to Zhili.
Later, Lu Yongxiang returned to Shanghai from Hangzhou and seemed to really want to return to Songhu to serve as the military envoy. This caused great embarrassment to the Beijing government.
In order to ease the dispute between Li Chun and Lu Yongxiang, the Beijing government adopted a compromise approach and issued three explicit orders: First, Lu Yongxiang was specially appointed as the military governor of Zhejiang. Second, the Songhu Guard Envoy was abolished and the Songhu Guard Envoy was re-established. Third,
He Fenglin was made the governor of Songhu.
From the perspective of Beijing, this is a two-pronged approach, but Zhejiang is quite dissatisfied because Songhu is within the jurisdiction of Jiangsu. The guard envoys are not subject to the control of the governor, but the garrison envoys must be controlled by the governor. Not only the official position
Completely different, and this still achieved Li Chun's goal of swallowing Songhu.
As all the officers of the 4th Division and the 10th Division sent telegrams to Beijing, they called for the revocation of Lou's order to abolish the Songhu Guard Envoy and appoint He Fenglin as the Guard Envoy.
He Fenglin suspected that it was Li Chun's trick. He called Li Chunyou and said: "Untying the bell and tying the bell are all up to my division." He also combined with Wusong garrison commander Rong Daoyi to send a message to Li Chunyou: "We are questioning each other.
I have no words to respond, I am worried, and it is difficult to find an explanation. It is not the central government bullying my teacher, that is, my teacher bullying the students."
It turned out that both He Fenglin and Rong Daoyi were students of Li Chun. Li Chunnai responded by telegram and expressed his thoughts: "If the [Central] Central Committee orders are given by a brother, the brother will have no face to see his brother and no face to see others." However, the Zhejiang side still did not understand, so both parties
The swords were at war, and the troops were divided and deployed. Jiangsu gentry united various groups to call for peace. Li Chunping always called for peace, and he was unwilling to go too far in the face of the dispute between Jiangsu and Zhejiang. After a dispute, both sides were able to rein in the cliff.
At this time, the political tide in Jiangsu suddenly increased, and the number of concubines increased.
It turned out that Jiangsu Province Governor Qi Yaolin and Li Chun had different political views and petitioned to resign. Li Chun followed suit and recommended Wang Kemin as governor to the Beijing government. After the news came out, Jiangsu people were in an uproar, thinking that Wang Kemin was useless except for prostitution and gambling. Such a person
, how could he serve as the governor of a province, so he sent letters and telegrams expressing his opposition!
Wang Kemin's foil in Li Chun's recommendation letter was Wang Hu, who had served as Jing Zhaoyin and was popular in Shangfu.
Therefore, the Beijing government not only wanted to accept public opinion but also take care of Li Chun's face, so it specially appointed Wang Hu as the governor of Jiangsu Province.
After the issue of governor was resolved, the issue of director of finance of Jiangsu Province arose again. Li Chun recommended Zhang Wensu as director of finance. People in Jiangsu believed that Zhang Wensu was incompetent and a sycophantic, so how could he be in charge of the finance of a province, so they strongly opposed it.
So the calls that criticized Zhang Wensu for trying to slander Li Chun arrived in Beijing one after another.
When the provinces faced the Southern National [Revolutionary] Government's vigorous Northern Expedition, not only could they not unite as one, but each had their own evil intentions. This gave President Wang Hengyue a huge opportunity.
Take advantage of each other's contradictions and defeat them one by one!!