Hainan Governor Zhang Jingyao, also known as Xunchen, was originally a native of Anzheng Huo Zaiju. He had four brothers: Zhang Jingyao, Zhang Jingshun, Zhang Jingyu, and Zhang Jingtang.
Zhang Jingyao had a deep understanding of the north and the south. His troops killed people and set fires in the south. They did everything. He took it as a matter of course and it was the result of killing the enemy. Hunan people called him Zhang Du instead of Zhang Du to express their inner hatred. He was also called Zhang Dujun. There is another saying: In the past, the people of the Xia Dynasty wanted to "die with Jie." Today, the people of Hunan want to die with "Yao, Shun, and Yu Tang." Yao, Shun, and Yu Tang refer to the four brothers Zhang Jingyao.
Zhang Jingyao's 7th Division was the most disciplined division in the Northern Army, and among this division the troops stationed in Changsha were the worst. Therefore, the people of Changsha suffered more disasters than those in other counties. Zhang Jingyao served in Hunan He expanded a brigade and sent his fourth brother Zhang Jingtang as the brigade commander. Zhang Jingtang was known as the fourth commander. Compared with Zhuge Liang, he knew Zhuge Liang as Mr. Kong Ming who borrowed the east wind on the stage, so he sewed a Bagua suit. , walking on the stage with a goose feather fan in his hand, calling himself a mountain man, and asked his Ma Bian: "Do you think I look like Mr. Wolong?" Ma Bian replied: "Mr. Wolong can only use tricks, but he can't fight. , that can be compared to our four commanders who use their troops like gods and are both wise and brave."
He was very happy to hear this. This "Mr. Wolong" often went to people's homes in Changsha to borrow things and things, and never returned them. Therefore, the people of Changsha had a joke that Kong Ming was a thief. Mr. Wolong knew what he knew underground, but he didn't know what to do. What do you think?
When the Northern Expedition entered Hunan, Zhang Jingyao lost several battles in a row. Zhang Huang declared martial law in Changsha and asked the Beijing government for reinforcements. At this time, the 11th Division automatically withdrew from Ping and Liu counties to Changsha. The team defended the county seat and had a tendency to become independent. Zhang Jingyao sent his confidant Xie Yuan to comfort them, and everything was at peace. The 11th Division was the Northern Army that was close to the direct line. It and the 7th Division were on guard against each other in Changsha City, just like enemy countries. .
When Zhang Jingyao served as the supervisor of the Sulu-Henan-Anhui border bandit suppression in Xuzhou, he recruited the bandit Mao Sizhong and adopted him as his adopted son. He was changed to Zhang Jizhong and appointed as the leader of the fifth regiment, known as the young marshal. The fifth regiment was a legal bandit in uniform. The Fourth Marshal and the Young Marshal were Zhang Jingyao's confidants, so Zhang Jingyao kept them by his side for protection.
Ji Jingyao's search made all the people of Hunan gnash their teeth. Xiong Xiling, who once served as the Prime Minister of the cabinet, was originally a moderate figure and had always been reluctant to offend others, but there were some who could not speak up against Sangzi. Zhang Zeng telegraphed Bao Xiong Xiling was in charge of supervising the Hunan disaster, but he refused to accept it, and instead advised Zhang to protect Hunan and not do more for himself. Zhang asked Xiong if he had any evidence of corruption and perversion of the law. Xiong also became angry and replied to Zhang Yidian: "From what my servant heard, For the deacon's income in Hunan in a year, he will withhold the central salt tax of 2 million yuan, the additional salt tax of more than 200,000 yuan, the salt coupons plus protection fees of more than 1.5 million yuan, and the money and grain of more than 1 million yuan. The remaining profits of copper coins were more than 1.2 million, hundreds of thousands of gold, and public properties were auctioned for more than 1 million, totaling more than 8 million. In addition, the central government raised tens of millions of military pay. The revenue was set at 40 yuan per yuan. The remaining strings of money notes were issued at a rate of fifteen strings per dollar, and the profit was doubled. The deacon's army was only more than 40,000, and the income of more than 20 million yuan in expenses could cover half of it. Why did he still owe three dollars? Months of military supplies? Cruel people and their bodies were killed. A wealthy family was killed without a living, and a lot of money was harmed. It is not a blessing. Soldiers' words and deeds are based on trust. The deacons ask themselves whether the facts they are doing are consistent with the official words on the electronic paper. ?That is to say, the current contract between the province's mining profits and British businessmen is conclusive, but the Ministry of Electric Power has not yet recognized it..."
Zhang Jingyao once cut Hunan's education funding by more than half, and later stipulated that devalued Yuxiang Bank banknotes must be issued when disbursing funds, but each school must collect the funds with full receipts.
Yuxiang Bank is a bureaucratic capital bank established by Zhang Jingyao and related people. It issues banknotes indiscriminately and actually accepts cash.
Hunan's education industry was of course extremely difficult under this situation. In the end, Zhang Jingyao simply transferred the education funds to military salaries and filled his own pocket. The principals of Hunan schools were forced to borrow debt to survive, and the teachers also had to work hard. Changsha City School
, there was a widespread garrison, the soldiers were arrogant, teachers and students were inspected every time they came in and out, the school retreated to a small area on campus for classes, the classroom was also a dormitory and a canteen, the school tools, instruments and books were severely damaged.
Doors, windows and floors were also removed for firewood burning. The original mechanical training yard of the Class A Industrial School was used for student internships. Zhang Jingyao ordered that the factory machinery be merged into the Army Factory to use boilers to cook opium.
All the teachers and staff in Changsha resigned because they could no longer make ends meet.
During this period, the class strikes in various provinces and cities across the country were all caused by diplomatic issues and initiated by students. However, the Changsha strike was caused by the lack of education funds and was initiated by faculty. It is a special feature of the class strike movement.
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The Hunan Student Federation was disbanded twice, but there were still activities secretly. During the suspension of classes, students engaged in a boycott movement of Japanese goods. Changsha students burned Japanese goods seized over the past few days at the Education Association. Unexpectedly, Zhang Jingyao was his younger brother Zhang Jing, the fourth commander in chief.
Tang led troops to intervene and ordered the soldiers to beat up the students. Dozens of them were seriously injured. Xu Qingyu and five other people were tied up with hemp ropes by the soldiers, who took photos and threatened to shoot them. Zhang Jingtang cursed the students for being tortured.
Under the instigation of *age and others, he dared to interfere with businessmen's business and undermine Sino-Japanese diplomatic relations. If he dares to do it again in the future,
It should be judged as a bandit.
At the same time, Zhang Jingyao went even further and ordered soldiers to beat students in the streets, which made the students in Changsha afraid to go to the streets or go to school. Changsha's elementary and higher schools announced that all classes were dismissed, including Yale-China University, which is run by the church. There are only two churches.
Female students continue to attend Yifang and Fuxiang schools.
The people of Hunan suffered so much from Zhang's men who robbed, killed and set fires that they thought they were no different from living bandits. However, under Zhang's coercion, they dared to get angry but did not dare to speak out. Because in the 5th year of the Republic of China, Zhang Jingyao led the 7th Division to station in Luoyang.
, anyone who accused the soldiers of looting was beaten to death with sticks, so the victims did not dare to come forward to accuse.
The people of Hunan are stubborn, but they are helpless under the high pressure of Zhang Jingyao's bandit army.
Long before the Northern Expedition entered Hunan, there were "petition groups to expel Zhang" in Hunan to petition the northern and southern governments, the Shanghai Peace Conference and Hengyang where Wu Peifu was stationed. The petition group to expel Zhang was first initiated by students, and representatives from all walks of life took the lead in participating. Soon the province
The parliament and various groups secretly joined, as did Hunan province residents in Beijing, fellow residents in Shanghai, and Hunan students from outside the province. A group of moderate elements such as Hunan gentry Xiong Xiling, Fan Yuanlian, and Guo Zongxi also joined. Finally, the "National Peace Federation" also joined in with all its strength.
Sponsored the Hunan people’s movement to drive Zhang [luck].
To commemorate the liberation of Hunan, Hunan people grieved over the loss of their province. Students held strikes and parades, and people from all walks of life held a moment of silence at the Martyrs' Shrine to remember the hardships faced by the martyrs in creating the Republic of China. But now, under the ravages of military bandits, everyone in attendance shed tears.
Later, Tan Yan* sent out a signal, saying that the people in Hunan were worse than the black slaves in Africa.
The Hunan people's petition group in Beijing was divided into two groups. One was the student petition group, which accused the North Korean soldiers of occupying schools, suspending education funds, expelling celebrities in education and other crimes. The other was the petition group from all walks of life, which stated that Zhang Jingyao had used the military to harm the people and was corrupt.
Search for facts.
The Beijing authorities responded to the petition group by saying: "The key to Governor Yi's difficulty is that Hunan is at the military front, and I'm afraid it may affect the overall situation. It's not that the government doesn't understand the wishes of the people of Hunan. Now the government plans to appoint a provincial governor to share his power, but
This is also difficult to achieve, and the government feels ashamed of Hunan." Former Jilin Governor Guo Zongxi retorted: "Now it is a responsible cabinet, and the responsible cabinet cannot talk about the word shame." At this time, the [general] minister of state was still Jin Yunpeng, and Jin
Although I wanted to change the picture, I was unable to do so, so in the face of the criticism from the Hunan people, I had no choice but to bow and bow.
Fan Yuanlian took the lead in accusing Zhang Jingyao of the five major crimes of causing harm to Hunan. The last few sentences said: "If Hunan Province is the land of the Republic of China, and Hunan people are the people of the Republic of China, please first get rid of those who harm Hunan, and then implement policies that benefit Hunan." He took it himself.
The submission was handed to Xu Shichang, stating that if any of the accusations were untrue, he would be willing to be punished by sitting down.
Since the Beijing government refused to replace Zhang Jingyao, petitioning to expel Zhang was fruitless. Before the Northern Expedition entered Hunan, the Hunan people cried out that they had no way out, and the petition was ineffective. In the end, they had to resort to the Hunan army.
At this time, the Hunan Army was really pitiful. It was short of both pay and equipment. It was only a division of the regular army and some miscellaneous troops. The total number of usable guns was only about 3,000, and bullets were even more scarce. The people of Hunan mocked themselves by calling them
"Begging Army". The Hunan Army has always fought side by side with the Gui Army. The Gui Army is better equipped and trained than the Hunan Army, and has more people than the Hunan Army. However, the Gui Army is not necessarily an ally of the Hunan Army.
When fighting, put other troops in front and keep your own troops behind. If you win, you will take credit, if you lose, you will retreat first.
After the Northern Expeditionary Army entered Younan, the morale of the Hunan Army was greatly boosted. A general attack order was immediately issued. The soldiers cheered and geared up. In order to save weapons and ammunition, Zhao Hengti ordered not to fire a single shot unless the enemy was approaching.
The Hunan Army occupied Qiyang and Leiyang counties, and the forward advanced to Dongyangpu, which was more than 20 miles away from Hengyang. The Hunan Army advanced rapidly, but the Northern Army retreated quickly.
When Zhang Jingyao heard about the general attack of the Hunan Army and the overwhelming momentum of the Northern Expeditionary Army, it seemed like a disaster was imminent. He immediately took emergency measures, evacuating the military families and urging the Beijing government to issue a crusade order. His distress telegrams went from tens of thousands to tens of thousands.
It's urgent. Telegrams requesting money and equipment are flying to Beijing like snowflakes.
The people of Hunan have launched a guerrilla war all over the mountains and plains. The kind-hearted people who were oppressed by Zhang Jingyao in the past have now become soldiers who outflank the retreat of the Beibei soldiers!
Zhang Jingyao was frightened by three thousand bullets.
On the frontal battlefield, the Northern Expeditionary Army advanced very fast, and Zhang Jingyao's generals were defeated one by one without a fight. He had no choice but to send his younger brother "Mr. Wolong" Zhang Jingtang as the commander-in-chief of the former enemy, with the promise of giving up the position of commander of the 7th Division as reward.
The four commanders generously swore their oaths, rode on the eight-man green cloth bridge, and set out majestically,
Two large lanterns were hung behind the sedan, with the four characters "Commander-in-Chief Zhang" written in Zhu, and the armed guards were cheering in front of and behind, numbering hundreds of people. The situation of the bullfighting was so angry that the people of Changsha looked at it and all felt for Hunan.
The army and the Northern Expeditionary Army were on tenterhooks.
Of course, at this time, Zhang Jingyao still had another expectation: Wu Peifu!!.