As the Northern Expeditionary Army begins its battle in Hebei, Beiyang is in chaos!
When the Shandong Governor was hesitant about returning to China, a robbery put him in an extremely passive position, forcing him to change his mind drastically.
That was the "Lincheng carjacking case" that shocked the whole country!
The person in charge of this case is Sun Meiyao.
It turned out that the Sun family were not bandits, but a well-known wealthy family in Teng County, Shandong Province. At that time, disasters were frequent all over the country, people were in dire straits, and bandits were everywhere, especially in Shandong. The bandits also had a very loud slogan called "Rabbits don't eat their nests."
Border grass!" That is to say, they will not rob any residents near the bandit's den. Even so, when "business" is slow and they are short of food and clothing, they will still turn their thoughts to their neighbors, but their attitude is more
He was polite and did not use force, so it was called "borrowing food".
Since the Sun family is a well-known and wealthy family, there is no reason why the bandits should not borrow grain from their family, so the family has no choice but to do so. However, the government believes that borrowing grain from bandits is a serious crime and must be dealt with strictly.
Although they are unable to suppress bandits, they are powerful in suppressing the people. They will not be lenient if they capture rich households. And every time the officers and soldiers are dispatched to suppress bandits, they always carry out a detailed and thorough looting in the name of checking household registrations until their pockets are full.
Only then did he kill a few innocent poor people and "return in triumph".
Therefore, the common people hate soldiers more than bandits, and would rather be robbed by bandits than searched by officers and soldiers.
The Sun family had already suffered enough anger from the officers and soldiers over the years, and they couldn't bear it any longer. Sun Meiyao's eldest brother Sun Meizhu complained loudly, thinking that instead of doing this, they might as well just raise the flag and go up the mountain to rebel.
For him, this was an angry remark and he didn't really want to take action. Unexpectedly, after hearing this, the young and bold Sun Meiyao immediately set fire to his home and burned it to the ground. So the Sun family had to forcefully
He shaved his scalp and climbed into Baodugu.
The team directly mobilized by the Sun brothers was only four to five hundred people, but there were originally several groups of bandits in the mountain, and later they joined forces, and Sun Meizhu was publicly elected as the leader: when going out to carry out robberies, each small group still mostly acted alone, and the original bandits
Led by the leader, among whom the stronger ones include Guo Qicai, Zhou Tianlun, Chu Sizhen, etc., there are as few as two or three hundred people per share, as many as five or six hundred people. Together, they are said to be more than 4,000 people. In fact, 3,000 is not enough.
More than half of the people still didn't have guns. Sun Meizhu was nominally the leader of the village, but he couldn't give orders. On the contrary, his uncle Sun Guizhi could say yes to everyone on the mountain and make everyone obey orders.
Sun Louzhi was about 50 years old at the time. He was short and thin, with an unattractive appearance and shabby clothes. He looked like a farm boy. Some people say that he had set up a private school and sat in a public house. He was an old master, so he thought carefully.
He is full of tricks. In fact, he has been in the world, joined a gang, and interacted with people in both black and white circles, so he is a veteran both inside and outside the field. On Baodugu, starting from the brothers Sun Meizhu and Sun Meiyao, to the bottom
The young minions all obeyed him, not just because he was older.
In July 1919, Sun Meizhu was captured by a team sent by He Fengyu, the commander of the Sixth Mixed Brigade of Shandong Province and the garrison envoy of Yanzhou, in the Xiji area near Yi County. He was immediately shot and his head was cut off and hung at the Lincheng Station of the Jinpu Railway.
Go up and give the order to the public.
After Sun Meiyao took over as the leader of Dazhai, he prepared his troops and planned to avenge his brother. However, because Sun Guizhi advocated caution, he did not take action immediately.
Sun Meiyao had a cousin named Sun Meisong who also fell into the grass nearby and was surrounded by officers and soldiers for nearly a year. The situation was very critical and people were sent repeatedly to ask Sun Meiyao to send troops to relieve the siege.
The mature and prudent Sun Guizhi did not advocate rash actions, but Sun Meiyao and others could not hold their breath. After long discussions, Guo Qicai, who was originally from the army, came up with the idea of intercepting the train and stealing the meat tickets, in order to achieve the conditions of pressure on the official acceptance and relieve Sun Meisong.
Wei: On the one hand, he asked for recruitment and defrauded the government of a batch of arms and wages. Sun Guizhi was really embarrassed when he saw the situation in the mountains. If he asked his brothers to tighten their belts and stay put, it would probably make everyone discouraged, disappointed and make trouble.
When the group was disbanded, they no longer objected and agreed to do something big.
At 2:30 in the morning on September 26, 1919, when driving northbound on Jinpu Road passed Shagou Mountain, about three kilometers away from Lincheng Station, the driver noticed dark shadows in front of him under the slanting moon, and the whistle of the whistle could not be driven away.
They then made an emergency stop. Due to the high speed, the car could not stop for a while, and it reached the track which was about dozens of feet long and had the connecting pins removed. The locomotive, train and third-class passenger car in front derailed.
It capsized. Then there was a burst of gunfire. Following the gunfire, more than 1,000 bandits with braided heads appeared, swarmed over, jumped on the sleeping car, robbed property, and kidnapped passengers!
This train carried many Chinese and foreign journalists and foreign tourists who were attending the inauguration ceremony of the Gongjiaba embankment of the Yellow River in Shandong Province. In addition to the British national Rossman who was sleeping in a first-class sleeping car and tried to resist, and was shot and killed by the gangsters on the spot, a total of foreign tourists were kidnapped.
19 people. Among them was Powell, the chief writer of the Miller Review, and more than 100 Chinese tourists.
As soon as this news was announced, the Beijing government was frightened.
The ministers of various countries were afraid of harming the lives of the overseas Chinese and firmly opposed the use of force, but they pressed President Cao Zhen several times a day to find a way. On September 27 and 28, the ministers of the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, and Belgium successively proposed to the Beijing government
The U.S. overseas Chinese in Shanghai made the most severe protest. The Americans in Shanghai sent a telegram to U.S. President Harding to quickly rescue the captive Westerners. The U.S. garrison in Beijing demanded direct action. The U.S. Secretary of Defense Davis openly suggested to Secretary of State Xu Shi that the troops should be sent to China.
Although no foreigners were kidnapped in Japan, the newspaper in Japan also took pleasure in advocating the organization of an international coalition to co-manage the China Railway.
On September 29, the envoys of the five countries gave the Beijing government three days to rescue all captured foreigners, otherwise a certain amount of compensation would have to be paid every 24 hours. The Beijing government panicked and put all government affairs on hold when the Northern Expeditionary Army pressed on the border.
They all paused and concentrated on discussing the issue of rescuing foreigners.
The captured Chinese and foreign meat stamps were all taken to the foothills of Baodugu Mountain, the bandit's nest. Baodugu was under the jurisdiction of Yi County, Shandong Province. In the past, when Zhang Jingyao was the supervisor of the border bandit suppression in the four provinces of Su, Shandong, Henan, and Anhui, he would not suppress the bandits but instead pacify them.
, so the bandits turned into soldiers. After Zhang Jingyao failed in Hunan, the soldiers turned into bandits again, and with Zhang Xun,
After Zhang Wensheng's defeat, most of the remaining defeated soldiers were scattered in the mountains of southern Shandong.
So Bu, Teng and Yi counties have been areas where bandits are rampant for many years.
After Sun Meiyao succeeded, he followed Sun Guizhi's idea and released the four foreign female guests first, and at the same time taught them to convey three conditions to the authorities: first, to quickly withdraw the officers and soldiers surrounding the mountain ten miles away; second, to integrate the bandit troops into one
The brigade has Sun Meiyao as the brigade commander: the third is to replenish arms. The purpose of the kidnappers is to break the siege of Baodugu and recruit them into government troops, not for ransom. The first letter sent down from the mountain is Shanghai's "Miller"
The letter was written by Powell, a reporter for the Civilian Review, advising government troops not to attack the mountain and to seek a peaceful solution. All the foreign prisoners signed the letter.
Since the foreign mission firmly advocated sending people to make peace with the bandits so as not to endanger the lives of the foreign prisoners, on September 30, senior officials from Beijing and Jinan rushed to Zaozhuang to negotiate with Sun Meiyao, including Shandong Governor Tian Zhongyu,
Governor Xiong Bingqi, Chief of Transportation Wu Yulin, Cao Zhen on behalf of Yang Yide, etc.
It was so crowded that the people in the small place were stunned.
Sun Meiyao did not expect that the matter would become such a big deal, so she was a little panicked. The subordinates under him, such as Guo Qicai, Zhou Tianlun, etc., had different opinions and each had their own plans. Some suggested that it was appropriate to stop the matter and not go too far;
The government is afraid of foreigners and does not dare to use force. It advocates taking this opportunity to gain a big vote.
It was all thanks to Sun Guizhi, as the old boss, who presided over it. The living conditions in the mountains were too poor, and the gangsters were very rough. The kidnapped people couldn't bear the hardships, and many died, so he had to take care of them. As for negotiating terms with the official
, of course he had to appear. But he was very good at concealing himself and did not come forward himself. He only followed others behind them and secretly pointed them out, so the officials did not notice him at first. It was not until the negotiations reached a certain stage that the gangsters agreed to first
When a batch of Chinese and foreign meat tickets were released, they discovered that the release certificates issued by the gang were all signed and stamped by Sun Guizhi. A child named Qin Zhenyuan was temporarily detained because he did not have this release certificate. Everyone
Only then did we learn that the actual leader of the bandits was Sun Guizhi.
The officers and soldiers surrounding the mountain had not received their pay for a year and a half, so they often had to sell their arms to the bandits. Tian Zhongyu understood this situation and was afraid that the officers and soldiers would not be reliable, so he specially transferred 1,500 of his trustworthy troops from Jinan for self-defense.
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When the officials and bandits began to hold peace talks, the officials approached Li Linge, a gentleman from Yixian County, and others to go up to the mountain to negotiate. Yang Yide found Guo Taisheng, Zhang Jingyao's old subordinate, to act as a mediator between the officials and bandits. The bandits on the mountain loved Zhang Jingyao very much, so someone in Beijing suggested that Zhang Xun and Zhang Jingyao should be hired to handle the recruitment.
The first formal negotiation between the Beijing government and the kidnappers took place at the Zhongxing Coal Mining Company. Officially, the governor of Shandong, Tian Zhongyu, and the governor of Shandong, Xiong Bingqi, personally conducted the negotiations. The kidnappers’ representative was Zhou Tiansong. The kidnappers put forward several conditions: (1) The government
The army lifted the siege and withdrew its original defense: (2)
Gather the bandits into a brigade, with Sun Meiyao as the brigade commander: (3) Replenish arms.
The official believed that everything except Article 3 was acceptable, and proposed releasing the foreign prisoners in three batches.
When the two sides were about to sign, the bandits asked the foreigners and the gentry from Bu County, Teng County, and Yixian County to sign to guarantee the official implementation of the treaty!
After the negotiation was successful, Wu Yulin, the director-general of transportation, "filled with righteous indignation", volunteered to go to the mountain as a pledge in exchange for "foreign notes" for early release; then Shandong Governor Xiong Bingqi also offered to go up the mountain with him "with a sudden tail".
When the news reached Beijing, Cao Zhen immediately called Wu and Xiong to commend them for their bravery and advised them to return to Beijing early.
On October 1, Shandong Governor Tian Zhongyu ordered the government troops to break out of the siege and retreat, and appointed Sun Meiyao as the commander-in-chief and sent people to the mountain with the order. Unexpectedly, the bandits changed their mind. Sun Meiyao tore up the order of appointment in front of the official representatives, and
He sent a letter to Tian Zhongyu, claiming to be the commander-in-chief of the founding autonomous army, denying the peace conditions signed by the government and bandits, and claiming that the government troops must completely withdraw and provide food to the mountains. He convened a meeting with mountain leaders to propose the bandits' formal conditions.
Sun Meiyao's change of heart was because he was sure that the government would make concessions, and believed that this deal could bring in huge profits, so he overturned the peace treaty between officials and bandits signed the day before. This greatly surprised the Beijing mission and sent them a series of notes.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs prevented government troops from converting the campaign into a campaign of suppression.
At the same time, Cao Zhen was also ordered to convey the order to the Shandong authorities to end the situation peacefully to avoid harming the foreign prisoners!!