Liu Baiyu felt that farming was useless. It was better to go to the fields and see. Zhang Tian saw that he was the sworn brother of the master and was famous for his great skills. Not only did he have no pretensions, he also

After that, I took a drink of water and went to the fields to check. I felt very sorry and said that it was getting late today and it was raining outside, so I would just rest for a day and go back tomorrow.

Liu Baiyu looked at the time and saw that it was actually only around two o'clock in the afternoon. Even if it was getting late, he insisted that he go and take a look first. Zhang Tian had no choice but to ask the foreman to accompany Liu Baiyu to the fields with him.

As soon as a few people went out, it became a parade. A group of curious people followed them from a distance, pointing all the way. There are no entertainment activities in such a remote rural area, and watching outsiders is also a traditional way of leisure. Even the noble Liu Baiyu

His identity as the second master cannot be suppressed.

Theoretically, these ten miles and eight villages are Zhang Tianhong's land, but in reality, it is actually different. Because Liu Baiyu discovered that there is a so-called Tianpi, Tiangu, the so-called Tianpi is the right to use the land.

Tiangu is the ownership of the land. The two intersect, making the land ownership system extremely confusing.

Most people probably think that the ownership of land is everything, otherwise they will fight for the landowner? But in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, this was not the case. Just think about it, if the land use rights can reach how many

How about a hundred years, or even nearly a thousand years, and the land rent is fixed at a very low level? That’s not the case!

Yes, it is true that land use rights and land ownership are advanced concepts, but in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, they became a means of tax evasion, especially for emerging business owners in Jiangnan, who generally had hundreds of years of ownership.

With the right to use the land, the so-called "rich tenants" have the actual control rights of the land. However, the landlords who have nominal ownership of the land cannot interfere with the management of the land. They can only sit on the land and collect fixed land rent.

Due to the financial difficulties in the late Ming Dynasty, more and more miscellaneous taxes were attached to the land use rights, and the various miscellaneous taxes attached to the land use rights could not be passed on to the "rich" people who had owned the land use rights for hundreds of years.

"Tenants" has created an eternal phenomenon in which on the one hand, "wealthy tenants" do not have to pay taxes and have enough to eat and drink, but on the other hand, because the landlords cannot pay miscellaneous taxes and directly flee, the country cannot collect any regular taxes...

Of course, this is Shandong, not Jiangnan. There are no "rich tenants" who can run against Mr. Zhang Tianhong like this. Tenants who donate land don't dare to use fixed land rents to trick people. If they dare to do this, as long as Mr. Zhang doesn't accept it, then

It means that it is looted by bandits, robbers, and heroes from all walks of life in minutes, and it becomes a fate to fall on the road. However, it is inevitable to require that the right to use the land be retained all year round, not to be driven away, and the right to operate the land independently, and

Keeping these two things, there is actually no essential difference between the so-called donating land and paying protection fees.

All in all, in theory, the land belongs to Zhang Tianhong. In fact, it cannot be all decided by Zhang Tianhong, let alone large-scale production such as large farms. Liu Baiyu imagined that if he settled Zhang Tianhong, he could promote various modernizations.

Agricultural production is purely the result of random thoughts...

Because of this, the land directly controlled by the Zhang family is not continuous, because Zhang Tianhong did not imitate some evil gentry and plunder the land. The land belonged to his great-grandfather, grandfather, father and himself through four generations of reclamation, purchase and

The money obtained through loan sharking is scattered in seven or eight places around the village. There are as few as an acre of vegetable fields, and there are dozens of acres of wheat fields - all in this village.

The Zhang family directly controls a lot of land, three hundred acres in total. In fact, when I looked at it separately, I turned around and walked out within a few steps...

"It would be great if the land could be connected into one piece." Liu Baiyu wondered how such fragmented land could achieve agricultural modernization. He looked at the weak crops in the field and squatted at the edge of the field to look at the yellow soil for a long time.

Asked Zhang Tian: "Is fertilization used here? It seems that there is not enough fertilizer."

"With fertilization, this land in the village is the most fertilized." Zhang Tian said proudly, completely ignoring Liu Baiyu's words about the lack of fertility of the land. In fact, the fertilizer in the village mainly comes from his own manure pits and pigs.

With the stable manure in the pen, the villagers had a larger population than the Zhang Tian family and could afford to raise pigs, so farming naturally became much more "rich".

"Do you want to give me bean cake?"

"What is bean cake? Can it be eaten?" Zhang Tian asked back.

"It's edible...but that's not the point! It's just the oil extracted from soybeans!"

"How can we have something as valuable as soybean oil here?" Zhang Tian said with a grimace.

It turns out that after talking for a long time, there is no custom of soybean oil extraction in the local area. The oil extraction basically uses sesame seeds and rapeseeds that do not take up good land. The remaining seed cakes are generally used to feed pigs, and the pig manure is used to fertilize the fields.

The kind of fertilization method Liu Baiyu mentioned is considered a luxury in the local area and is called a prodigal.

"There is not enough fertilizer, not enough." Liu Baiyu, who had just finished reading the agricultural technology book, shook his head like an expert. There is a serious shortage of fertilizer in your land, especially nitrogen fertilizer. According to the Zhang Tian family's intensive farming, as long as the fertilizer is applied, it is reasonable.

It is said that higher output can be obtained.

Zhang Tian didn't know what light fertilizer was. Could it be that there was salty fertilizer? However, the lack of fertilizer in the fields had caused him to suffer for a long time, so he naturally replied:

"I don't know enough, but it's hard to find fertilizer. It's too remote from the countryside. It's all about farming..."

In ancient times, there were no chemical fertilizers, so we all relied on farmyard manure. Farmyard manure sounds very environmentally friendly, green, and bourgeois, but to be honest, it contains very few active ingredients. The author checked the data and was shocked. 1,000 pounds of human feces.

The nitrogen content is equivalent to 25 pounds of ammonium sulfate. Especially in rural areas like Zhangtian, farmers have to spend a lot of time, labor and money collecting fertilizer because they are far away from towns and villages.

For suburban farmers in relatively densely populated areas, there are many sources of fertilizer. The most convenient one is to obtain citizens’ feces and domestic garbage from the city. But this is only the happiness of a small number of farmers. Pure farmers can only get as much fertilizer as

Very few. Of course, some historical researchers believe that these suburban farmers are half-workers and half-peasants, because the time they spend doing odd jobs and the remuneration they receive are basically the same. It is actually relatively reluctant to call them farmers.

Liu Baiyu remembered that before he came here, he was very fond of natural fertilizers that could be obtained without chemicals. There were natural things like struvite along the southern coast, and the legendary lignite. However, for Shandong, these things were no more realistic than chemical fertilizers.

, all quite fantasy.

Generally speaking, the basic problem of the Zhang Tian family's land is that there is a large loss of soil fertility. Too intensive farming, limited fertilization, and no habit of planting green manure have resulted in low yields caused by the continuous lack of nitrogen fertilizer in the land. Liu Baiyu knows that this is not an exception in the local area.

Phenomenon, Liu Baiyu rarely found land with good crops growing along the way. Apart from major natural disasters, lack of fertilizer was a major reason.

Zhang Tian himself also has a headache about this, but this problem is not easy to solve. Organic fertilizer has low fertility and requires a large amount. It is best to use local materials. If it is too far away, the labor cost for farmers is not cost-effective. Secondly, just

The mud-like road is also very troublesome to transport in.

After Liu Baiyu looked at the land and crops everywhere, he made a plan in his mind.

He proposed to Zhang Tian that the wheat area this year should be reduced by half. Only the acres with good soil fertility should be sown, and other acres in poor condition should be planted with broad beans this year.

The purpose of planting leguminous crops is to fix nitrogen. At present, the fertilizer that the land needs most is nitrogen fertilizer. At present, Liu Baiyu is not able to provide a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer immediately, so he can only use this soil method to increase soil fertility.

After harvesting the broad beans, he plans to plant another season of alfalfa as green manure. Alfalfa can be harvested for several crops, and the harvested stems and leaves will be used as feed for his large-scale cavalry horses in the future. The remaining part will be plowed in the spring and directly pressed into the rotten soil to increase organic matter.

.In this way, the fertility of the soil can be restored to a certain extent, and if it continues for several years, the land can become a high-yield field.

Zhang Tian heard that the second master would ask him to abandon half of the land to plant snacks such as broad beans and alfalfa in the winter. He couldn't help shaking his head, saying that this would not mean that half of the harvest would be lost. The land would not be fertile anymore.

No matter what, you can always get something. Who will eat these many broad beans?

"I want all the broad beans you grow, sir."

The so-called pollution-free beans are agricultural products that are urgently needed by the plane merchant system. The pollution-free broad beans have reached a very high price of thirty or fifty yuan per pound.

Zhang Tian remained silent. Liu Baiyu said to him again: It is no problem to double the yield per mu of the wheat varieties he provided. Aren't these broad beans just the extra income? There is no need to worry about the future of the broad beans - he can buy them in unlimited quantities.

You can exchange it for silver or brown rice, which is a good thing without risk.

Zhang Tian just frowned and kept a dull face but did not say a word. Liu Baiyu was anxious. If you have any problems or difficulties, how could you imitate Xu Shu and enter Cao Ying? He said loudly:

"You know what the second master is saying! When did I, Liu Baiyu, stop keeping my word? My family has a big business and wears gold and silver. How can I be interested in your wealth? You should think about it carefully and it will be good for you.

There is no harm! Do you have to tell Brother Zhang? You still have to do this! But your manager may not be able to continue working!"

These words had a miraculous effect. Zhang Tian knelt down with a plop and said with a trembling voice:

"Second Master, I am just a servant, working for the Zhang family. This land belongs to the Zhang family. It stands to reason that you should plant whatever you want, even if Master Zhang says not to plant it, that has nothing to do with the villain, and the villain will not dare to do it.

It is a bad thing to be a slave and bully the master. It is just a small family of seven. If there is not enough food, people will starve to death. Please give me your grace, my grace!"
Chapter completed!