After Song Biao returned to Fengtian City, the pace was always extremely busy. There were endless guests every day. There were many vacancies for officials in the three northeastern provinces. Many officials would rather have all the vacancies available than come to the three northeastern provinces to try their luck with the Russians.
Now, everything I could ever wish for is here.
I heard that Song Biao, the governor of the three eastern provinces, was back. Everyone couldn't wait to come to see him to show their loyalty. These people in the officialdom knew better than anyone that the imperial court had long lost control of the three eastern provinces. This was Song Biao's territory.
Only those who belong to Song Biao will have the chance to work here stably.
Because there were too many officials who came to see them, and Song Biao was too busy during the day, he could only ask Shu Fangde and Yuan Jinkai to arrange visits in batches at night. The finance and taxation bureaus of the three provinces were promoted, the civil affairs bureau was promoted, and the reclamation bureau was promoted.
Tiao Tiao, Tiao Tiao from the Telegraph Bureau, Tiao Tiao from the Academic Affairs Bureau, etc. were all met together, but Chen Baochen from the Fengtian Academic Affairs Bureau was met alone.
This person is very special. According to his qualifications, he is in the same group as Zhang Zhidong. He was a Jinshi at the age of 21, which can be regarded as a young success. Together with Zhang Zhidong, Zhang Peilun and Baoting, he was once known as the four admonishers of the Privy Council. He was deeply favored by Cixi. As a result,
Because he was improperly recommended during the Sino-French War, he was demoted nine levels in a row and remained idle for twenty-five years.
Although he has been idle for a long time, Chen Baochen has never been idle. Especially in the past ten years, he has insisted on promoting the New Deal, established a new school in Fuzhou, appointed himself the head of Aofeng Academy, established four schools of Eastern Literature, Normal School, Political Science and Law, and Business, and dispatched law schools year by year.
, students of politics, industry, commerce, agriculture and other sciences go to Japan to study.
This man had a good relationship with Zhang Zhidong. Before Yinchang went to the three provinces of the East, Zhang Zhidong wrote to Yinchang to recommend Chen Baochen to study in the three provinces of the East. Thinking that he would achieve great success, Yinchang recommended him to Song Biao.
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When Song Biao heard that this was the case, he agreed to Yinchang's recommendation.
He didn't know much about Chen Baochen, but he knew that he was also known as the old man during the Republic of China. However, when Puyi went to Manchuria for restoration, Chen Baochen tried his best to stop this, but unfortunately he failed.
Song Biao is indeed too busy these days. It is not easy to find time in the evening, so he will meet with Chen Baochen alone, and tomorrow night he will also meet with the academic and political bureau leaders of the other three provinces.
Chen Baochen arrived in the afternoon. Since he couldn't wait for time, he and Shu Gaoli had admired each other for a long time, so he took advantage of this time to be a guest in the Shu family's courtyard.
After finishing what he was doing, Song Biao rode to Shu's house accompanied by the guards. It was windy and snowy at night, so he put on a black cloak.
When Song Biao arrived at the door of Shu's house, Shu Fangde, who had returned an hour earlier, was waiting at the door. There was a thin layer of snow on his body and his whole body was freezing. When he saw Song Biao, he immediately saluted and came to help.
Song Biao helped him down from the horse and said: "My father prepared a banquet. I didn't expect that the military affairs were so busy. The dishes that were just served on the table were taken back to the pot to heat them again."
When Shu Fangde came back, Song Biao said that it would be over in half an hour at most, but who knew that it would be another hour if he was busy.
Song Biao waved his hands helplessly with a cold face and said: "Don't mention it. The purchase of artillery shells from France is also not going well. Even though the French Minister Lu Ban personally coordinated it, the efficiency of the French is still annoying. It was originally agreed
I disagreed with the price again, saying that the shipping cost was not calculated clearly, and the director of Schneider Factory disagreed."
Shu Fangde was surprised and asked: "Didn't Friede & Co. agree well? Why did it change its mind again?"
Since the food was hot in the pot, Song Biao simply wasn't in a hurry to go in and discussed the matter with Shu Fangde first.
He lit the cigarette and said to Shu Fangde: "Naturally, the foreign companies dare not tear up the previous contract, but the contracts between us and Ford, as well as between the foreign companies and Schneider Company, did not indicate the accurate total long-term order quantity. This
It became an excuse for Schneider's board of directors to deny and ask for a new price to be renegotiated, but the price they quoted was almost the same as the price previously supplied to Japan during the Russo-Japanese War, with the price of each artillery shell being as high as thirty-three francs."
Shu Fangde asked: "What should we do? The Japanese also want to renegotiate the price. We are really in trouble this time. I think the Japanese and France are sure that we have more than 400 Sanys in our hands."
The New Year's rapid-fire artillery consumes a lot of ammunition, and only the two countries can supply artillery shells."
Song Biao smoked heavily, feeling annoyed. The country's lack of military and industrial strength really made the military suffer.
He has a lot of artillery, but all of them are fucking out of ammunition. All the Type 31 rapid-fire guns have been stopped. Now only the sixty-four three-inch Lucia field guns left to him by Russia can still be used for training.
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He had owned more three-inch Lucia field guns before, but in order to exchange for more Japanese captured materials with the Russian army, he was forced to exchange part of the three-inch Lucia field guns back to the Russian army. It is very sad to think about it now.
Something to regret.
Song Biao took a few puffs and said: "After dinner, I will go back and hold a training meeting to readjust the training arrangements of the artillery regiment. I am not in a hurry to practice live ammunition shooting for the time being. I have several plans. One is to simply do it.
Be ruthless and sell all these crappy cannons back directly
Give Japan a batch of emergency artillery shells, and then exchange them all for Russian three-inch Lucia field guns. 76mm field artillery shells can be bought everywhere internationally. Russia does not sell them. I buy French, German and American products.
It’s even sold in Chile and Mexico
The second is to order emergency shells directly from Germany and Italy. Although Germany and Italy are also equipped with 75mm field guns, considering the ballistic issues, as well as the weight of the shells and the difference in gunpowder ratio, it is difficult for us to determine whether the new shells are
The key to maintaining the original combat effectiveness is that we have almost no ballistic curve design standards for the Sany-Year rapid-fire gun. If a large number of experiments need to be conducted to determine this, a lot of time will be wasted."
In war, any artillery shell of the same caliber can be used. If it can be fired, it is a good artillery shell. However, the requirements in training are completely different. The goal of training is to improve the shooting level of artillery as much as possible, which requires as much as possible.
The use of unified and stable artillery shells must meet the optimal selection of artillery design parameters. The worst problem of the Northeastern New Army at this time is that it has more than 400 31-year-old rapid-fire artillery, but no relevant design parameters at all.
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Shu Fangde sighed helplessly: "Military seat. We still have to use the second method. Although the seven-centimeter half-mountain cannon is a bit inferior, it is still an artillery piece. We have so much inventory in hand. It would not be a pity. Buy it again.
If so, a three-inch Lucia field cannon costs 27,000 taels of silver each, and buying all four hundred of them requires more than 10,000 taels of silver. It’s not easy either.”
Song Biao sighed: "Who says it's not the case? If you leave aside France and Japan and order artillery shells from the United States, first of all, the price will not be low. The delivery speed may not be fast, and the training effect is even more difficult to guarantee. You will suffer both inside and outside."
Of course, the only advantage is that if we place a long-term order and ask the other party to help us figure out all the design parameters of the 31-year-old rapid-fire gun at once, then we can completely get rid of the restrictions of France and Japan, and we can also buy it in one go.
Machine tools and equipment, organize production by ourselves.”
This matter was of great importance, so Shu Fangde did not dare to speak without permission, so he suggested to Song Biao: "Military Commander, you still can't be too anxious. Even if you feel a little bit cowardly, you have to mediate with the French first."
Song Biao nodded silently, threw the cigarette out and said, "Forget it, go see your father and Chen Baochen."
After saying this, he walked straight to the main house of the Shu family.
Shu Fangde stepped forward quickly and pushed the door open in advance. As soon as he entered, Shu Gaoli was chatting in the main room. Chen Baochen said: "Father, Mr. Chen, the military seat is here!"
Upon hearing this, Shu Gaoli and Chen Baochen both stood up, and just as Song Biao walked in quickly, they stepped forward and bowed, "I have met the Governor!"
Song Biao saw Chen Baochen for the first time and took a closer look. He was thin and slim, not short but not tall either. He was not over sixty years old and had silver hair and white beard. His face was rosy, which was a bit special.
Song Biao, Chen Baochen, and Shu Gaoli bowed in return and asked them to sit down. He said: "The military affairs are very busy, and it is very urgent to come and go. It is only now that I finally found time. Please don't mind, two old gentlemen."
, it’s all really bad, and I’m in a really bad mood!”
Chen Baochen and Shu Gaoli didn't mind at first, but after hearing this, they became even more worried about Song Biao.
Chen Baochen sighed: "The Governor-General lives in three provinces. It is not easy to deal with the Russian and Japanese countries. If the country is weak, there will be no good things to say. It is true that we have to deal with bad things coming and going. I feel deeply about this. I just want to ask the Governor-General
Take care of yourself and don't get hurt in a moment of anger. After all, these three provinces can only rely on the governor. If you don't support me, I, the general, will not know what to do."
Song Biao nodded slightly, thanked Chen Baochen for his kindness, and said: "I'm not so angry that I'm so angry. I'm still young, and I'm not that impatient. It's just that some things really make people angry. The country is weak and has no industry.
Second, without education, there will be no jobs in factories.
We have to buy factories, guns and ammunition from foreign countries, and we have no talent. To implement the New Deal, all we can see are these people. The country is so big, with thousands of miles of territory, and so many citizens, 40,000,000, that we are in this state of embarrassment.
, I feel hate just thinking about it.”
After hearing this, everyone felt very sad.
The country is in mourning. Who among the knowledgeable people is not sad and hates it!
Shu Gaoli said: "Mr. Governor, it's getting very late, so let's eat first."
"That's fine!"
Song Biao nodded and invited Chen Baochen and Shu Gaoli to sit at the table together. The dishes were placed in the Xihua Hall on the west side of the main room. Apart from the three of them, only Shu Fangde accompanied them, and was responsible for pouring wine and tea, so as not to let the two
An old man poured wine for Song Biao.
The hot dishes were all put back on the stove in the pot, and there were only a few cold dishes on the table. Fortunately, the heating in the room was strong and the wine was warm, so Song Biao ate some cold dishes and drank two glasses of warm wine to dispel the cold.
As soon as the three of them sat down, soon the two daughters-in-law of the Shu family and an old maid helped bring the dishes, and Shu Xuan also brought two plates of stir-fried vegetables.
He was so busy these days that he barely had a moment to spare. It was only when Song Biao saw her that he remembered asking her to join the art troupe. He didn't hear a response for a few days, and he didn't know if others agreed.
Shu Gaoli observed the words and said with a dry smile: "Your Majesty Governor, after hearing what you said, my former daughter has the ambition to serve the country. To become the Hua Mulan of today, she has decided to join the art troupe. When she was studying in the United States, she was very talented in music and literature.
The classes are quite good, and going to the art troupe is the most suitable place. You can also compile some English plays and edit them in the troupe. However, the old man only has two daughters. They both regard them as the apple of his eye and cherish them. I hope the Governor will take more care of them.
"
After hearing this, Song Biao couldn't help but feel very happy. He had been angry all day. Only this news made him happy.
He smiled and agreed to Shu Gaoli, and looked at Shu Xuan one more time. Shu Xuan was smiling but did not dare to look at him, and ran away with the empty plate.
Song Biao smiled and said to Chen Baochen: "Mr. Chen, I will go back to the military headquarters for a meeting after dinner to renegotiate some matters. Let's just talk about it directly without wasting time."
Chen Baochen immediately agreed and said: "Your Majesty the Governor, speak quickly. Well, since I have come to serve here, I naturally have thoughts in my mind. So I want to say something first. If there is any offense or disrespect, I hope the Governor will forgive me!"
"
Song Biao said: "It doesn't matter, you can talk first."
Chen Baochen said: "Xiaoguan believes that if you want to set up new schools, you should put educating the people first, follow the example of the East, and set up primary schools in each county, set up middle schools in each prefecture, and then set up vocational colleges in each province to cultivate new talents. Each junior college should especially focus on
Normal schools are the top priority, and only by establishing normal schools first can we establish new schools."
Shu Gao immediately agreed and said: "Master Chen's words are very good. I also think that normal schools should be established first before new schools can be established widely."
Song Biao nodded slightly and said to Chen Baochen: "I once talked about the Northeast New Deal with Mr. Yinchang, the governor of Fengtian. They both thought that the New Deal is nothing more than five things. The first is to establish banks in the three provinces and manage finance; the second is to develop agriculture, industry and commerce, and establish industries.
realize trade
It is easy to have a surplus, causing the inflow of silver; the third is to establish a new government system, effectively implement and promote the New Deal; the fourth is to reclaim the Northeast and expand the population; the fifth is to establish a national universal education system and extensive vocational education, and create the best university education."
Chen Baochen praised: "Your Majesty is absolutely right. If the Kanto New Deal can accomplish these five things, it will really be qualified to be called a New Deal."
Song Biao took out a folded letter from his pocket, showed it to Chen Baochen to read, and continued: "I was in the Russian Concession a few days ago, dealing with ministers from various countries, and had nothing to do at night, so I used this time to sort out some of my thoughts on the new Northeastern Studies.
, I would like to invite Mr. Chen to take a look. I think that when setting up new schools in the three northeastern provinces, we must first base ourselves on the current situation. We must not only learn from the strengths of the United States, Japan, Britain and France, but also make rational use of them.
The country's national conditions require us to take a suitable and convenient path. I plan to set up public schools in every village, village, and town in the three provinces. The so-called public schools mean public education in response to the tradition of private schools, and adopt the method of uniform recruitment of school teachers. In Fengtian,
Jilin and Harbin have set up accelerated teacher training courses to train teachers who can widely implement national education for three months. The monthly salaries will be uniformly distributed by the education and government bureaus of each province and government.
Office schools. Each public school has one to three teachers who teach Chinese, history, arithmetic, and geography. The schooling lasts for six years. All children over the age of six are free to attend. After six years to twelve years old, they can continue to study.
Study in middle schools in each county, and each prefecture will establish new high schools and junior college colleges, and establish universities in the three provinces. As a result, each province will have to establish more than a thousand public schools, which will require private schools.
There are about 10,000 teachers. As long as this number can be reached, all children and teenagers in the three provinces can enroll, and everyone can read and write. As for whether they can become great talents and be used by the country, they have to wait until they continue to enter schools in various counties and governments.
Only after further study can you know. The biggest advantage of this method is that it saves money and is popular. The annual expenditure is only five to six million foreign dollars, which is not a huge pressure on the finances of the three provinces."
Chen Baochen and Shu Gaoli were greatly surprised when they heard this and were full of praise.
Chen Baochen said: "Your Majesty, this policy is really brilliant, but the annual expenditure of five to six million foreign dollars is probably quite difficult, right?"
Song Biao said: "It will definitely be a bit difficult for the time being. Before the establishment of the bank in the three provinces, I will first issue a new school public bond in the three eastern provinces, with an amount of about 10 million yuan. The main purpose is to ask the gentry from all over the country to subscribe, or to invite
Purchased by other wealthy gentry,
Use this money for a period of three years to establish 3,500 public schools in the three provinces. Each public school will first place a private school teacher, and then increase the number year by year, accumulating to three private schools per public school. As for the new primary schools in various places,
middle school, high school, technical secondary school,
For universities, we should first ask famous gentry from all over the country to buy them. For public schools, we should not rush for success. We must first get the public schools in the three provinces well done. In each village and village, the public will provide money and the people will only contribute their own efforts to build public schools.
Mainly in Datun Village, since then
Every village with 100 households should have public schools, and they should be spread to the three provinces. After children have studied for six years, we will have matching middle schools and junior college schools in almost every county. Step by step, we will cover the three eastern provinces within ten years.
A new school will be opened.”
Chen Baochen was full of praise and said: "Your Excellency, this policy is really brilliant. First, let the young people in the three provinces learn to read and write, and then seek new learning to go westward. The next official will be in charge of studying politics in Fengtian. He must set an example for the three provinces."
Song Biao nodded slightly and said: "Fengtian is not just a public school. Fengtian Mansion is not only the administrative seat of Fengtian Province, but also the administrative center of the three provinces. During the time when I rented land in Russia, I was with the American Embassy in China.
Minister Rockhill and French Minister Lupin talked about something about education.
That is to say, all foreign churches must open church schools. As long as they want to preach in the Northeast, they must have educational obligations. In addition, Minister Lu Ban and I also talked about Aurora University. Shanghai Aurora University was originally
It was run by Ma Xiangbo, a famous gentry in Shanghai, but
It borrowed the land from the French Catholic Jesuits. Now, the French Catholic Jesuits have squeezed out Ma Xiangbo and completely changed Aurora University into a Christian university. I asked Minister Lu Ban to mediate and move Aurora University to the Liaodong Peninsula as a
compensation, i agree with french catholic
The Jesuits will establish a church university in Fengtian. The land and the cost of building the school will be paid by me personally. In addition to this university founded by the French church, I will also ask the American church to establish a university in Fengtian, and the Fengtian Academic Affairs Bureau will also establish another one.
A government-run university, let’s call it Northeastern University.”
After a pause, he continued: "I made a rough calculation. Starting next year, the annual academic funding for the three northeastern provinces will be maintained at about six million taels of silver, half of which will be used for public schools in the three provinces.
Half of it is used for national schools, especially colleges and universities. Fengtian Prefecture has about three million taels of money every year. This means that the main colleges and universities have
Schools and universities are concentrated in Fengtian. These matters need to be handled carefully by Mr. Chen, and every tael of silver and even every copper coin must be used in a practical way. In addition, we must also introduce various laws and policies to encourage gentry and celebrities from all over the country.
To prepare for the establishment of private schools. To run both state and private schools, we must take ten years as a time limit to establish new schools in the three northeastern provinces from scratch, from small to large."
After Chen Baochen heard these words, he didn't know how excited he was. He just felt that his whole body was full of fresh blood. How could he not be excited to see such a grand event at such an old age? He immediately stood up solemnly and bowed to the ground, saying
: "My Lord Governor, I will serve the imperial court, serve Wanming, and serve Dongsan."
Thousands of people have thanked you. I am an old and decrepit official. I have no general idea. I only want to establish a new school to make the people strong and the country prosperous. It is really a blessing for me to meet the governor. I must be fair and impartial.
Work hard and be effective until the end, so that we can fulfill your wishes and develop the new learning in the three provinces from scratch."
Song Biao understood why others were excited. He really had a heart for fighting. He stood up and helped Chen Baochen up and said: "Master Chen is a loyal and upright man. It is my blessing to invite Master Chen to come to the three provinces to build new schools."
It is also a blessing for the people of the three provinces."
Chen Baochen was even more excited. He felt that the entire Qing Dynasty seemed to be saved. If the new schools in the three provinces were established and the whole country followed suit, in less than twenty years, the Qing Dynasty would be completely new, filled with talents, and the people would be strong and the country prosperous.
Song Biao was also very happy. After all, he had found a suitable person to run the new school.
Regarding the new learning in the three eastern provinces, he definitely had more than these things in mind. For the new learning, he wrote three full pages of stationery with a pen. As the program of the new learning in the three eastern provinces, he included Chinese education and history education.
His own ideas, for example, he particularly emphasized the implementation of vernacular education and the compilation of Chinese language education.
Write a complete set of vernacular Chinese textbooks, classical Chinese must also be taught, and the Four Books and Five Classics still need to be read, but he recommends "Xunzi" first, and he wants to find some masters of Chinese studies as soon as possible to reorganize the collection of works of various scholars, with the theme of "Long Li Zunxian,
"Valuing the law and loving the people" is the core of the new moral and political education, and we need to find the appropriate neoclassical spirit between Confucianism and Legalism.
In history education, both Chinese history and Western history must be taken into consideration. Geography classes and history classes should be combined with each other to jointly promote the world outlook, national outlook, and historical outlook of the new generation of young people, and cultivate the spirit of patriotism and modern national spirit.
His new education is not a completely Westernized education, but requires a compromise to find a path suitable for China's characteristics in this era. It should first implement a path of universal education for the people as quickly as possible and cost-effectively, and then seek a path to advance Western learning eastward.
He not only wanted to recruit private school teachers in the three northeastern provinces, but also in the entire north of China, attracting them with relatively generous salaries to engage in popular education in the northeast, cultivating more literate teenagers, and then training these literate teenagers into modern patriotic people through new education
Youth and highly qualified talents.
As for funding, it cannot be sustained by collecting taxes, so the only way is to print money.
First print money to support the first five years, and then rely on the increase in tax revenue from the three provinces to continue development. In this process, both public and private funds have to be spent together. The so-called issuing public bonds to support Xinxue means using his private money to support the first few years.
, if we really want to send it to the gentry in various places to subscribe, I guess they won’t be able to allocate much.
During the dinner, Song Biao talked with Chen Baochen and Shu Gaoli for a long time, and explained the entire program and methods he had conceived. He called it a program, but he didn't care whether Chen Baochen fully followed it.
Everyone will have their own ideas, especially old gentlemen like Chen Baochen and Shu Gaoli. It is normal to be stubborn.
What Song Biao cares about is that things must be done well. No matter what your thoughts are or what methods you use, don't look at it. I respect you now and use you very much. If you can't do it well, then I will replace you immediately. Anyway, he
I won’t spend all my energy to handle these things myself.
Everything can be left to others. This is the principle behind Song Biao's attempt to control the new policies and development of the three provinces in a light-weight way...)
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