The word Liaoze changed with the changes of dynasties.
From the late Tang Dynasty to the late Song Dynasty, Liaoze refers to the plain swampland south of Shenyang, and occasionally the swampy wetland west of the Liaohe River.
When the Western Liao River Plain was in the Liao Kingdom, due to excessive cultivation, the swamps directly turned into desert.
So in the Ming Dynasty, Liaoze specifically referred to the swamp zone of the Lower Liaohe River Plain. In the long run, the swamps there not only did not shrink, but continued to expand as the sediment accumulated and the river overflowed. In the late Qing Dynasty, the people who invaded Guandong vigorously reclaimed the swamps. Only then did Liaoze shrink rapidly, but the real and thorough rectification took place in New China.
Because the foundation of managing Liaoze is to manage the rivers systematically!
At this moment, the Governor of Liaohe is in Shenyang and has already come up with a comprehensive plan. Restoring Changguang Road is only the first step of the project.
By the Liao River.
Tian Tiaoyuan, the governor-general of Liaohe River Management, pointed to the river map unfolded by his subordinates and said: "Your Highness, I have spent six months visiting and surveying the waters around Liaoze. The root cause of Liaoze's continuous expansion is that the upper reaches of the grassland have turned into a desert. The Liao River is just like the Yellow River, carrying a large amount of sediment alluvial downstream. The river bed is constantly rising, and the river channel is constantly changing, causing flooding at every turn."
"First, demarcate a no-cultivating and no-grazing area in the upper reaches. Mongolians are not allowed to graze, and Han people are not allowed to cultivate, so as to prevent the desert from continuing to grow."
"Second, the existing river network was formed in the Ming Dynasty. It is extremely unstable and prone to flooding. Among them, the Hun River and Taizi River carry less sediment, so they can retain their inherent river channels and still merge the three rivers into the sea. The main trunk of the Liao River must be moved westward. According to the terrain direction, a river is dug in the valley to the west of Shalingyi. There is a river from Xixingbao there. The main trunk of the Liao River is diverted there, and the two rivers meet and flow together through Panshan (Panjin). ) into the sea."
"Third, after the two Liao Rivers in the east and west are fixed, embankments will be built along the rivers."
Zhao Kuanghuan said: "It's a big project."
Tian Tiaoyuan said: "So at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Liao was never governed. At least 100,000 civilians were needed. There was insufficient manpower at that time. Now the total population of the three counties involved is nearly 400,000, and 100,000 civilians are mobilized to govern. The river is feasible. The imperial court has decreed that for people who participate in river management, their family taxes can be reduced by half. If there are more than two men in a family, the family taxes for the current year can be completely exempted."
To put it bluntly, no wages are paid, only land tax is reduced or exempted.
After all, if the Liaohe River is managed well, the local people will also benefit, and the people are willing to work hard for a year or two.
Zhao Kuanghuan said: "If the chronic diseases in Liaoze can be cured, the Northeast will be safe. In a hundred years, there will be millions of Han people in these three counties alone. Which tribe in the Northeast will dare to rebel?"
Tian Tiaoyuan said: "Not only that, after the main trunk of the Liao River moves westward, there will be less sediment in the east. The river water will wash away the sediment into the sea for a long time, and the water level of the Three Branches of the River will be deeper. It only takes 20 to 30 years to wash away the sediment in the Three Branches. A seaport can be built at the mouth of the river. At that time, goods from the grassland can also be directly shipped to the seaside."
What does it mean that goods from Liaohe Grassland can be shipped directly to the sea?
This means that if the Mongols rebel there, the southern army can cross the sea to the mouth of the Sancha River, and then take a river boat to the grassland to put down the rebellion!
Zhao Kuanghuan looked at the map, thoughtfully.
He raised his head and looked around again. In the distance was a large swamp, which seemed to have turned into fertile farmland in the near future.
"River engineering and water conservancy are a major matter for the country." Zhao Kuanghuan said with emotion.
Tian Tiaoyuan smiled and said: "The treasury must be abundant, otherwise where will the money come from to build water conservancy projects in the Northeast? In the Ming Dynasty, for more than 200 years, except for the construction of Changguang Road, there was no allocation to manage the Liaohe River and Liaoze River. Because
This place is remote and only needs long and wide roads to connect it to transportation, so there is no need to spend more money on management."
"Indeed," Zhao Kuanghuan nodded, "if the Ming Dynasty could allocate funds to rectify Liaoze, I am afraid that the Tatars would not be so easy to revolt. Alas, it cannot be said that the Northeast was in a terrible state at the end of the Ming Dynasty, and I am afraid that even if Liaoze was cured, they would not be able to suppress it.
The rise of the Tartars.”
Returning to the Duke's Mansion of the Liao Kingdom, Zhao Kuanghuan told Pang Chunlai everything about today's situation.
Pang Chunlai was still lying in the courtyard basking in the sun, looking at the canopy of trees above his head and said: "It is a good thing to be able to cure Liaoze from the root, but to stabilize the Northeast, we have to rely on official governance. If the officials govern clearly, then the world will be fine. If the official administration is corrupt, swarms of thieves will arise. Young
When I was young, I was ignorant and thought everything was normal. I couldn't see that the countless military households in Liaodong lived worse than beggars. I couldn't see clearly that the countless soldiers in Liaodong were just servants of hereditary military attachés."
"Such an army cannot fight. Such people will go to the Tatars instead. Even if the Ming Dynasty cured Liaoze and created millions of Han people, they would be nothing more than a group of military slaves. Maybe they would rebel themselves.
"
Zhao Kuanghuan echoed: "The old man is right."
Pang Chunlai said: "When you are a king or an official, you must look down. You cannot just look up at the sky and try to figure out God's will. You cannot also look down on all living beings and treat everyone in the world as stupid dogs. You have to step off the high platform and stand on the flat ground.
Integrate into the common people and see what the people want. This is what I figured out on the way to escape after the fall of Liaodong."
Zhao Kuanghuan said: "The people are the most important, the country is the second most important, and the king is the least important."
"Everyone can say this, but it is difficult to actually do it," Pang Chunlai taught Dundun. "You grew up with a golden key in your mouth. No matter how close you are to the people, you cannot understand the sufferings of the people. Your father and I are
I have personally experienced and witnessed it. Corrupt officials, powerful gentry, exploitation and oppression, and the people have no place to stand. If you have different ideas when you ascend the throne in the future, don't rush to do it, and don't rush to implement the New Deal. On the contrary,
You must firmly grasp your father’s old regime, and don’t offer amnesty to the world, but massacre corrupt officials and powerful officials to show your attitude, otherwise the local government will be in a mess!”
"Why?" Zhao Kuanghuan asked.
Pang Chunlai sneered: "How many people are looking forward to your father's death!"
Zhao Kuanghuan frowned. He understood why his father wanted to come to Liaoning by himself. The real intention was to let him listen to Pang Chunlai's teachings.
After a long time, Zhao Kuanghuan cupped his hands and said, "My grandson understands."
Pang Chunlai wanted to shake his head, but he could only twist his neck with difficulty: "You don't fully understand. You will only know after you ascend the throne. Knowing people, knowing faces, but not knowing hearts, at this moment, they will not show their faces. When you become emperor, those who are working hard will
You must be wary of ministers who flatter you, and check their background and what they are doing in private."
"My grandson understands," Zhao Kuanghuan said.
Pang Chunlai sighed: "Oh, you still don't understand. A traitor can be as loyal as a traitor. You are the first to ascend the throne and are eager to control the court. How can you refuse the loyalty of important ministers? You will definitely reuse certain people, even if you find them.
If you're not clean, I'm afraid I won't be willing to punish you. You are very similar to your father, but the biggest difference is that you are not as cruel as your father. You are too benevolent and righteous, and sometimes you can't do it. It's your personality and you can't change it. Saint
Be ruthless, the emperor is a saint, sometimes you have to be ruthless."
Zhao Kuanghuan said: "My grandson is not as kind as a woman."
Pang Chunlai asked: "What would you do if your most beloved concubine was a slave to her family but no one died?"
"According to the law." Zhao Kuanghuan said.
Pang Chunlai asked again: "The concubine's family was exiled according to the law. After three or five years, the concubine came to blow the pillow and said that the matter was over. The old parents were old and had been sick in the exile for a long time. Please allow them to return.
Xiang Anyang. Will you agree? Don’t rush to answer, think more about it yourself."
Zhao Kuanghuan hesitated to speak. He felt that he was definitely not biased, but Pang Chunlai's words made him doubt himself.
Pang Chunlai said: "Don't look at this as a trivial matter. If there are too many such trivial matters, the civil and military officials in the court will think that you are soft-handed."
Jiaqing is a typical example of similar emperors.
Emperor Jiaqing, who had just taken office, was simply a "little Yongzheng". He worked hard to implement the New Deal, pay attention to people's livelihood, rectify the administration, consolidate power, and fight corruption. He could easily identify which ministers were deceiving him. He also talked about the White Lotus Sect uprising that swept several provinces.
, are a group of refugees who don’t have enough to eat, which can be solved as long as people’s livelihood is improved.
However, Jiaqing, who tried to be a "little Yongzheng", ended up being a "little Qianlong".
Because he found that he couldn't change anything, he wanted to restore Mulan Paddock, such a small thing, but he couldn't do it for twenty years.
Why is this happening?
Jiaqing imitated Yongzheng in everything, but did not have the ruthlessness and decisiveness of Yongzheng. He exiled important ministers who had committed the crime of bullying the emperor and reinstated them in their posts. The same person could be exiled and reinstated several times.
Over time, no one took the emperor seriously anymore.
Anyway, the major crime of deceiving the emperor is only exile. After being exiled, you can still be reinstated, just like traveling to Ninggu Pagoda for a few years. Hundreds of officials are scrambling to deceive the emperor. As long as it is against their own interests, they will join forces and resolutely refuse to implement the Jiaqing New Deal.
It's anticlimactic.
Therefore, the temple name of Jiaqing is "Renzong", which is the same as Zhu Houzhao's father.
As night fell, Zhao Kuanghuan, after dinner, sat in Pang Chunlai's study with his eyes closed and meditating.
The emperor is a saint, and a saint should be ruthless. This sentence touched the prince greatly.
After contacting Zhao Han's various methods, Zhao Kuanghuan seemed to have touched the threshold.
Among the founding emperors of the past, Zhao Han was considered relatively benevolent. Among the founding officials, the highest ranking official to be beheaded was Zuo Shilang. He was kind at the same time, but he was also ruthless and very harsh on his relatives and relatives.
How to be kind and ruthless?
Suddenly, Zhao Kuanghuan wanted to understand what Pang Chunlai said. After he ascended the throne, he should not rush to amnesty the world, but should pay close attention to the old politics to express his attitude.
The first thing he did when he ascended the throne was to issue an order to investigate the country's land affairs and clean up corrupt officials across the country.
Through the investigation, a group of people will be killed to establish their authority!
It would be better to use a relative to scare the monkeys.
When the time comes, there will be important ministers who always make excuses for their father and want to confront him. There will also be important ministers who will fully support him and flatter him at every turn. Each of them will dismiss one or two from office to demonstrate his selflessness and wise iron fist.
It turns out that this is the ruthlessness of the saint. Zhao Kuanghuan only realized this at this time. He still has a longer way to go.
Turning on the lanterns, the firelight became brighter, and Zhao Kuanghuan took up his pen and wrote the word "正".
