Ye Feng rolled his eyes at him and said: "That's called a smart optical bus computer. The key lies in intelligence. It is different from the traditional bus, which is only responsible for data transmission between arithmetic units and registers in a computer. And my smart bus
A computer breaks through the limitations of a single computer and connects all arithmetic units, registers and other equipment in series. Computers are not interconnected through the network, but through smart buses, connecting the input and output devices used by each individual to other arithmetic units, registers and memories. Eventually, it can
Let the whole world share one computer, and the computing power of multiple computers of different types and different computing capabilities can be used at the same time to do one or more things together. It can be said that this is version 2.0 of the computer."
Wang Meng looked confused, then nodded in understanding: "Oh, the speed of light is useless anyway, it has nothing to do with calculations."
Wang Meng then asked: "I heard you say that the principle of chip technology is quite simple. Why is it so difficult to make chips? How are chips made?"
Ye Feng thought for a while and said: "Simply speaking, chip manufacturing can be divided into four steps. The first step is to manufacture silicon wafers. The most upstream of the semiconductor industry is silicon wafer manufacturing. In fact, the upstream silicon wafer industry is composed of
Three sub-industries are formed, in order, the preliminary purification of silicon, the manufacturing of polysilicon, and the manufacturing of silicon wafers."
"The initial purification of silicon is to convert quartz sand (sio2) into metallurgical grade silicon (silicon purity is more than 98%). Then the silicon is made into polysilicon. The production method is to make metallurgical grade silicon into polysilicon. The polysilicon here can be divided into two types
: There are two types: high purity (99.999999999%, 11n) and low purity (99.99999%, 7n).”
"High purity is used to make precision circuit ICs such as ICs, commonly known as semiconductor grade polysilicon; low purity is used to make solar cells, commonly known as solar grade polysilicon. Finally, it is made into silicon wafers."
"The method is: make polycrystalline silicon into silicon wafers. Silicon wafers can be divided into two types: monocrystalline silicon wafers and polycrystalline silicon wafers. Generally speaking, the silicon wafers used in IC manufacturing are monocrystalline silicon wafers, and
The silicon wafers used in solar cell manufacturing include both monocrystalline silicon wafers and polycrystalline silicon wafers. Generally speaking, monocrystalline silicon is more efficient than polycrystalline silicon, but of course the cost is higher."
"The second step is IC design. Simply put, IC design can be divided into several steps, in order: specification formulation, logic design, circuit layout, post-layout simulation, and mask production."
"The third step is IC manufacturing. The IC manufacturing process is more complicated, but in fact, IC manufacturing only does one thing: transfer the circuit diagram on the photomask to the wafer. The process is actually very similar to the traditional photo manufacturing process.
."
"The steps of IC manufacturing are: thin film, photoresist, development, etching, photoresist removal, and then continue to cycle dozens of times. The thin film process is to plate metal, which may not actually be metal, sometimes it is silicon oxide, etc.; photoresist
The process is to apply a layer of photoresist (photosensitive layer) on the wafer; the development process is to use strong light to shine on the wafer through the photomask; the etching process is to etch away the film not covered by photoresist; the photoresist is removed
The process is to remove the photoresist on top, and the remaining film part is the circuit diagram."
"Of course, the actual process is not that simple. The actual situation is that the photomask is composed of dozens of layers, and each layer requires a different material. In other words, the film layer needs to use different materials. For example
Say, sio2.”
"The fourth step is IC packaging and testing. Packaging and testing includes packaging and testing. The packaging process is roughly as follows: cutting, pasting, welding, and molding. Cutting is the first step, which is to cut the wafers sent by the IC manufacturing company into
There are rectangular ICs. Pasting is to stick the IC to the PCB board. Welding is to solder the small pins of the IC to the PCB so that it is compatible with large PCBs (such as motherboards). Molding is to mold the pins
Seal it up. The next step is testing.”
"The above is just a brief description of the chip manufacturing process. In fact, chip manufacturing is much more complicated. The front-end process alone requires three to four hundred processes. Epitaxial deposition, chemical vapor deposition, glue photolithography process, photolithography imaging, plasma etching, etc.
There are technical barriers to many processes such as ion implantation and dry stripping."
Wang Meng looked at Ye Feng in surprise and said, "Fuck, this gadget is so complicated to make."
Ye Feng was even more surprised and thought to himself: "Did he understand it? Did he really understand it?"
In fact, Wang Meng didn't understand it, he just thought it sounded complicated, and it should be very complicated.
Ye Feng shook his head and said: "Forget it, don't think about these things. If you have time to think about these things, you might as well think about what to eat for lunch. Come, let me give you a chance to try my craftsmanship."
Wang Meng said in surprise: "Oh, you can cook? Then I eat pork, chicken, and fish. In my hometown, we only eat cattle, sheep, and horses, and rarely eat pigs, chickens, ducks, and fish."
Ye Feng said: "It's no problem to arrange it." In fact, at this time, the housekeeping robot can already cook. Ye Feng prefers to cook by himself, so he does it himself, while the housekeeping robot helps.
Ye Feng made braised pork, spicy chicken, salt and pepper shrimp and some green vegetables. He made a little more and thought that he could eat it on the road. There are many ways to make braised pork, but Ye Feng thought most of them were too greasy. Only the ones from the eastern region of the ancient Wa Kingdom were made.
The braised pork is delicious and not greasy.
The method is to boil the meat first, boil the bleeding water, and then continue to boil some fat. Then change the water, add meat, sugar, more light soy sauce, vinegar, less salt and some star anise cinnamon. Bring to a boil over high heat, then reduce to low.
Simmer until the juice is reduced. The braised pork cooked in this way is fragrant, glutinous, not greasy, and has an attractive color without dark soy sauce. Ye Feng has always felt that dark soy sauce is too colorful and doesn't like to use it.
Spicy Chicken Ye Feng likes to eat dry. The chicken pieces are marinated first and then fried. In a separate pot, add a little less oil and stir-fry the dried chili peppers and Sichuan peppercorns. Then add the fried chicken pieces and stir-fry. Add a little salt.
Light soy sauce is enough. Ye Feng rarely uses seasonings such as chicken essence or MSG. He always feels that these are industrially synthesized and eating too much is unhealthy.
Begin to braise the salt and pepper shrimp in a similar way. Add oil and then add sugar and cook over low heat until brown. Then add the shrimp and stir-fry. The shrimp will be easy to cook. Then add some pepper and light soy sauce. The shrimp will stir-fry some water. Do not reduce the juice too much.
Dried, this juice is used to dip the peeled shrimp, it tastes delicious and authentic.
To avoid being too greasy, Ye Feng made another stir-fried green pepper with green vegetables and bitter gourd. Green peppers are originally a bit spicy, but they become less spicy when encountering bitter melon, and bitter gourd becomes less bitter when encountering green peppers. Ye Feng is afraid of both spicy and bitter food and rarely eats it.
These two vegetables are often fried and eaten since I discovered that they will be neutralized when fried together.
Finally, Ye Feng made a fish head and tofu soup. When frying the fish head and tofu, he put ginger, pepper and star anise in the pot and fried them together to reduce the fishy smell. Then he added water to the pot and boiled the tofu and fish, so it was boiling.
It takes a little longer. When it's ready, sprinkle a little salt and add some green onion soup to make it rich and delicious.
Wang Meng just ate at the dinner table without saying a word, and he didn't miss the soup on the plate until the end. He mixed it with rice and ate it all. Wang Meng was sweating profusely after eating, so he grabbed the ice cream and drank it fiercely.