Chapter 106: Winning and losing at the same time, feeling uncomfortable all over! (For the alliance leader
Chapter 106: Won and lost at the same time, feeling uncomfortable all over! (Additional update 22 for leader SP Baoer)
"Today I will tell Your Majesty, 'Nothing better can be done to nourish the heart than to have few desires'."
As soon as Yang Tinghe opened his mouth, many people were stunned.
Of course, these people all thought of the Heart Cultivation Hall that was being prepared in the palace.
Previously, the emperor said that he would build a banquet hall and set up an imperial study room to serve as a place to approve memorials, hold the Yan Dynasty, and summon courtiers. The name Yangxin Hall came from Mencius's words.
Although Wang Shouren did not talk much about the views of the Mind Study just now, many of the insights in the Mind Study trace back to the views of Mencius.
Now, Wang Shouren has just begun to talk from the views of Er Cheng and Zhu Xi, the founder of Neo-Confucianism, and Yang Tinghe has started to talk from the remarks of Mencius. The meaning of tit-for-tat is obvious.
Naturally, this was also because Yang Tinghe knew what Wang Shouren said first.
This is unfair, but Yang Tinghe obviously doesn't care: everyone has to go to the Sutra Banquet to debate the Sutra, so why be pretentious?
At the same time, isn't this the meaning of the Sutra banquet? Yang Tinghe was debating the Sutra with Wang Shouren while still admonishing the emperor.
"Desires, such as the desires of the mouth, nose, ears, eyes and limbs, although people cannot do without them, but there are too many without restraint, it is not the original intention. Scholars should take this as a warning. If there are too many without restraint, it will be as Mencius said:
To be rich is not to be benevolent. The laws of heaven and human desires cannot coexist. When Yang Hu said this, he was afraid that benevolence would harm the rich. Mencius quoted it, fearing that being rich would harm others. Gentlemen and villains are just the opposite."
Many people looked at Yang Tinghe with respect and admiration: The imperial examiner asked how to make a country rich, and now you give an example of being rich and fearing being unkind?
Yang Ting and Su Rong continued: "Mencius met King Hui of Liang, and the king said that it is just benevolence and righteousness, why should it be called profit? Zhu Zi explained: Benevolence and righteousness are rooted in the inherent nature of the human heart, and the principles of heaven are the same. The heart of benefit is born from the appearance of things and myself, and human desires
It is selfish. If you follow the laws of nature, you will not seek benefit and will not be disadvantaged; if you follow the desires of others, you will seek benefits but will not get it and harm yourself. The so-called difference of a hair is a fallacy of a thousand miles. This is the profound meaning of the creation of Mencius's book.
, it is advisable for scholars to observe carefully and discern clearly.”
In the final analysis, a gentleman will not compromise benevolence and righteousness because of his pursuit of profit, while a villain will only pursue profit without any scruples.
""Legends of Music" says that desire cannot be called an evil. Whether it is good or evil depends on whether there is restraint or no restraint. People's desires are not necessarily bad. "Shangshu" says that the human heart is dangerous. It is called
Danger, danger, between desires before they fall. Good and evil in the world are all natural laws. Those who are called evil are not inherently evil, but they are either excessive or inferior. Therefore, the sages said: The inherent natural laws of human beings, and human desires, if one wins, the other will retreat.
, If the other wins, then we will retreat. There is no neutrality and no reason to advance or retreat."
"Perception ascends from the desires of the mouth, nose, ears, eyes, and limbs, which is the human heart and selfish desires; consciousness ascends from benevolence, righteousness, etiquette, and wisdom, which is the heart of Tao and heavenly principles. If you want to cultivate yourself, you must first rectify your mind, which is to get rid of selfish desires and achieve heavenly principles. The essence of this is,
The word "annihilation"
"Because everyone has the Tao in mind, this is the nature of destiny, so everyone can be Yao and Shun. However, everyone has the human mind to cause trouble, and this nature of temperament, so the Confucius said that nature is similar but habits are far apart. The laws of nature and human desires all exist in one body.
"If you destroy human desires and preserve the principles of heaven, then the scholars will appreciate the virtuous, the sages will seek the saints, and the saints will seek the path to heaven. If you pursue human desires and abandon the principles of heaven, your Taoist mind will gradually deteriorate, there will be no hope for a righteous heart, and your family and country will not survive."
"Don't cultivate your heart by being good at few desires. Having few desires means restraint and annihilation. However, it is a natural law that people want to exist in one body. Before desires fall away, how can it be called annihilation if there are few desires? Hunger, food and thirst are the laws of nature. Ge Bi wants to be meticulous.
, it is human desire to have good food and to be satisfied. If everything is done according to etiquette, it will eventually follow the laws of heaven. Because the laws of heaven are the nature of destiny for one person, it is ethics and etiquette for all people. Eliminate human desires and survive.
If the nature of destiny is followed by ethical principles, then the hearts of all people will be righteous, and heaven and man will be unified."
"Your Majesty is the son of Heaven. If you can restrain your desires, you will eventually be able to abide by the laws of heaven and become one with heaven and man. Your Majesty, Fu Wei, understands the danger of falling desires, restrains your desires and cultivates your heart. After your heart is upright and you can cultivate your body, you will be a holy emperor.
As an example, everyone in the world will follow you, your family and country will be governed, and the world will be at peace."
Zhu Houcong tried his best to suppress the thousands of horses galloping in his heart: "...I would like to be taught."
With his habits and accumulation that have come to this era for almost two years, he can only understand it half-understood when he suddenly hears such a long explanation.
He is now thinking about the logic, not to find out whether what he said makes sense, but to wonder where such a statement comes from to refute Wang Shouren's method of "promoting conscience"?
Then he saw that among the ministers on the left and right, several of them even ignored the etiquette of the banquet and nodded slightly in agreement.
Some senior Hanlin scholars even burst into tears.
Zhu Houcong:???
Zhu Houcong, who did not have a comprehensive understanding of Confucianism, did not hear the trump card of Yang Tinghe's words: the unity of heaven and man.
You are the emperor, and being ordered by heaven is an important pillar for your legal system in the hearts of all people. What maintains this understanding is etiquette. The reason why etiquette is established is to pass a set of standards for everyone to follow.
This achieves the goal of gradually regulating one's heart through behavior so that people can restrain themselves.
It is beneficial to the emperor if everyone follows the rules; if the emperor takes the lead in observing the rules, it will strengthen etiquette and law.
Now you are saying that you should cultivate your mind and have few desires. If you don't set an example, then the etiquette will be a little shaken.
If everyone is encouraged to act according to their heart as Wang Shouren said, then for some people who have not yet reached the point of having a conscience and do not have a conscience with a heart towards the Tao, shouldn't they wait until they do not have enough "knowledge"?
Messing around and breaking the rules?
The key point lies in this word.
When heaven and man are united, your legal system is worry-free and your status is respected. If there are no standards or rules in the world, there will be chaos. Then you are the leader of the "four realms that cannot be ruled" that Yang Tinghe did not mention in "Mencius". You can be replaced.
It is possible to be overthrown as a "one-man thieves".
Of course Yang Tinghe was not warning, he just looked at Zhu Houcong with some expectation: You should understand the harm of learning from the mind that I told you the day before yesterday? Wang Shouren only said that everyone can become a saint by cultivating conscience, I tell you people
Although people have natural principles in their hearts, they also have selfish desires.
It is not easy to become a saint, but it is easy to become corrupted by selfish desires. That guy keeps telling you about the upper limit, but taking Neo-Confucianism as the official school is just to raise the lower limit!
Zhu Houcong couldn't understand Yang Tinghe's eyes at all.
If he understands it, he can probably translate it into a sentence: Your Majesty, you don’t want your country to be in chaos, right? Be realistic, let’s take care of the present first, keep the lower limit, and don’t be fooled by the pie of everyone becoming a saint.
!
But Zhu Houcong only felt that Yang Tinghe lost a lot in terms of teaching quality.
The first round has ended.
Zhu Houcong couldn't tell who everyone thought was smarter.
Then comes the second round: free debate.
But according to the previously designed process ceremony, at this time the emperor should first make a speech, ask a question, and ask two "teachers" for advice at the same time, so that the two teachers can express their opinions to each other and answer the emperor's questions during the debate.
Etiquette is very important.
If the emperor didn't have doubts, how could the two ministers just start fighting? Isn't it because the desire for fame is too strong and it's too low-level?
The Wenhua Hall fell into silence.
Yang Tinghe's eyes gradually turned from expectant to confused: Did he not understand, or was he deliberately pretending not to understand, or was he asking a tricky question? Could it be that I was making a fuss about Yangxin Palace and citing the example of being rich and being unkind, which stung the emperor?
heart of?
Wang Qiong was very nervous: Yang Tinghe, this old guy, had very high intentions in this sermon. In fact, he did not regard Wang Shouren as an opponent at all, but reminded the emperor that one of the dangers caused by Xin Xue becoming an official society would be one of the dangers. This harm could affect the heaven and earth.
The unity of man and woman is the symbolic meaning of the title Emperor.
"...I have benefited a lot from what the two gentlemen said after thinking about it carefully."
Zhu Houcong also remembered what he should do at this time, so he said a few words first to show that my silence just now was not that I didn't understand, but that I was thinking.
After his eyes glanced at Yan Song, he still asked the questions he had prepared from his previous "asking for advice" to Yan Song.
With Yan Song's thoughtfulness and brains, the views he expressed should be the most flammable and explosive issue after it was raised.
"Conscience is hard to be trivialized, and human desires are hard to extinguish. From my perspective, the methods of the two gentlemen seem to be different paths leading to the same goal. They are essentially the same. Can they be practiced at the same time?"
As soon as the words were spoken, a war broke out.
"No!"
Yang Tinghe immediately retorted solemnly: "The essence is completely different! The way to achieve conscience is to think it is right before knowing it. If the intention is not sincere and the heart is not right, and the body is not cultivated, then it is inevitable that the family will not be in order, the country will not be governed, and the world will be in chaos. It will destroy people's desires.
The law is based on the principles of heaven and etiquette as the norm. Those who are not aware of it, their intentions are not sincere, and their hearts are not correct can still understand how to cultivate themselves and how to act. If they have not reached the state of Taoism, they will not act recklessly and cause trouble to the family and the country. The principles of heaven cannot be overridden.
It moves according to the human heart, and the human heart is different. If we do it both ways, will we destroy human desires in accordance with the principles of nature? Or will we act with willfulness first and then follow the conscience? If each insists on his own words, then all people will be at a loss."
"I don't take it for granted, but I can do both."
Wang Shouren entered the state with a smile, while Yang Tinghe was slightly stunned.
Do you know what you are talking about? How can this be possible at the same time? You people of the heart school believe that the heart is the law of heaven!
Doesn’t that mean I have the biggest heart and am the only one who dominates?
I'm coming from the opposite direction!
Yang Tinghe immediately entered a state that made Zhu Houcong feel even more confused.
From this moment on, he directly began to come up with essential issues, such as reason, nature, heart, qi, desire, good, and evil... all kinds of philosophy and psychology about cosmology and ontology, human nature and mind-nature theory.
, the concept of knowledge and action, the theory of self-cultivation, the concept of heaven and man, and the theory of realm, all professional vocabulary popped up.
Zhu Houcong could understand many words, but he couldn't understand them when they were put together.
The ambition to be a "profoundly learned" emperor is wavering: it is too difficult.
But Zhu Houcong really entered the learning state and reluctantly followed them to study their thinking.
If you don’t understand it right now, Yan Song and Liu Long can review it for you and explain it in detail when you get back.
Whether it is Neo-Confucianism or Xinxue, they are actually the understanding of the intellectuals of this era in the field of philosophical thought.
Internally, it reflects the three views of people of this era. Externally, it is also closely related to official learning and tools of rule, and is an important channel for class mobility.
Yang Tinghe went into full force almost as soon as he retorted, seizing on the shortcomings of mental learning that relied more on personal talent and current state of mind to pursue.
In the final analysis, it is the problem of how to govern a country: do it both ways. If some people are not good enough, just do it first. After doing it, you can ensure that they will reflect on the progress? There is no unified standard to tell the world how to do it. It is so rude and illegal.
, isn’t the world in chaos?
In response to Yang Tinghe's long speech, Wang Shouren still just maintained a relaxed posture and said with a smile: "The etiquette and law are immutable, and the laws of heaven are clear. Although the heart is rational, it must gradually develop a conscience. The saints and sages have taught the world, who doesn't know the etiquette and law?"
The method of conscience begins with not transgressing the rules and ends with enlightening the way and becoming a saint. I say that it can be done both, and it is a step further in self-denial. Step by step, you can keep your own conscience, observe propriety, and understand the principles. If you only know how to restrain yourself and destroy the desires of others, you will not be able to do it.
The way to achieve knowledge is to stay where you are and make all the scholars and people in the world confused and unmotivated."
Zhu Houcong, who deliberately understood more about the mind science, understood: You only seek the lower limit of Neo-Confucianism, and people in the world should abide by the rules and don't make trouble, but won't this make it more and more lifeless and lifeless? I say you can do both, that's you
Regardless of the lower limit, I will try to raise the upper limit.
How can Yang Tinghe endure this: What we are fighting about now is the upper limit!
Who decided the upper limit of the Ming Dynasty? Scholars! Oh, Your Majesty, please put down your sword first. You respect Confucianism and you are one of our own.
Continue... The part of your inner learning that is responsible for raising the upper limit is to let the scholars give up the safer but more difficult path of general viewing and exposition, and choose you to "My heart is the reason", "If you know what you know, do it", and "After doing it,
The shortcut path of "gradually becoming" and letting one's own "knowledge" that may be incorrect?
How can conscience be so good? It depends on the person!
But what an excuse! Who wouldn’t want to take the shortcut?
Your team is getting bigger and bigger. In the future, will you change the natural standards for the lower limit of responsibility and the etiquette for educating sentient beings?
He immediately continued to retort: "If the people of the world can organize their own homes according to the etiquette and laws, then it will be their own responsibility to govern the country and bring peace to the world. Scholars, farmers, industry and merchants all have their own places, civil and military officials each perform their duties, and the Holy Emperor rules the world.
It is said that the world is at peace. It is difficult to study hard in the cold window to gain knowledge, so select and use their talents; to be an official, knowing the dangers of people's desires, select and promote them with virtue. Only when such people are upright and prosperous in the court can they sincerely seek knowledge, protect the land and tranquilize the people,
The prosperous age of Great Harmony is gradually opening up. It is not that we are not trying to improve, but that we are marching slowly on the road. Even if we have well-drilled elite soldiers, if the army marches for a hundred miles and strives for profit, the general will defeat him. If the army reaches fifty miles and strives for profit, the army will arrive half way. This shows the dangers of rushing to govern a big country.
It's like cooking fresh food, Bo'an must know it!"
In the end, one word: stable!
And your method is unstable.
The way we are doing it now, we don’t expect the people to play a huge role, just don’t add chaos. The things of developing the country and raising the ceiling are done by the scholars. And the civil and military officials who are responsible for running the country and bringing peace to the world do not come randomly. They have to go through it first.
He passed the imperial examinations to see his talent, and the officialdom promoted those with good moral character.
With both talents and virtues taken into consideration, the court will be filled with officials with "righteous hearts." Only these people can hope to gain knowledge and enlightenment.
What's the use of just shouting about enlightening conscience and making everyone a saint? What about the management and selection system?
Zhu Houcong was stunned: How shameless! What about the statement in the lobby of the Ministry of Justice that "when the water is clear, there will be no fish"? Are all the civil servants in the court promoted by the method you mentioned?
He vaguely felt that Yang Tinghe's words had thrown the blame on him: the system was good, but now the emperor appeared to follow the etiquette system, but in fact acted randomly.
Faced with Yang Tinghe's rebuttal, Wang Shouren just shook his head: "I know how important it is to be safe. The way to develop conscience is education for the people, ambition for the scholars, and the way to knowledge for the officials.
Virtue and talent can clearly distinguish the advantages and disadvantages of knowledge and conscience through investigation of things. What I advocate is that in addition to general observation, you must also be willing to do it, dare to do it, do it and then reflect on yourself, and know and do as one. If you know but dare not do it, you will think it is wrong.
It is impossible to have a good conscience; it is impossible to make progress without progressing day by day, to be blocked by the road and to become lazy after a long time. The different paths of psychology and philosophy lead to the same goal, and they all want to understand the truth and achieve knowledge. Regardless of other things, the method of leading to a good conscience can be helpful.
First of all, I also hope that all officials will become better and better day by day, and their knowledge will become more and more sophisticated. Do you wish to be a virtuous person and a saint?"
Yang Tinghe opened his mouth, but for a moment he didn't know how to refute this point.
Why does he put his status so low and say that the method of conscience is just a helping hand?
I don't want this method to be used randomly by ordinary people and ordinary people who have not become officials, or I want it to be used by the officials you have selected who have both ability and political integrity and a good heart.
As the head of a hundred officials, you will not refuse these "sages" to go a little faster on the road of "sages", right? You don't want them to sometimes use "not knowing" as an excuse to slack off in government and dare not do things, right?
The ambitious emperor is still here watching.
I am just providing you with a few tips to take a small step forward every day. I am not trying to overthrow your Neo-Confucianism.
Not to mention that even if an elite soldier marches fifty miles a day, half of them will fall behind.
How about we first go faster than Weiwei for an instant without leaving anyone behind?
Yang Tinghe caught a glimpse of the emperor's smile from the corner of his eye, and finally understood Wang Shouren's strategy.
Facing the orthodox Neo-Confucianism, and facing Yang Tinghe, he would win if he didn't lose.
Even if Yang Tinghe was put in a difficult position by arguing, he would still be considered a winner by putting on the pitiful attitude of a borderline inexperienced person, citing a small advantage of his and weakly testing it out.
No wonder he never disputes that Xin Xin is not Principle. He only talks about his small method of cultivating conscience, and completely limits its scope of application within the framework of Neo-Confucianism.
Just a little trick, try it? There is no extra cost.
This is also the reason why Wang Shouren and Xin Xue are making progress with each passing day: just make their influence a little bigger every day.
Is this the unity of knowledge and action?
Zhu Houcong thought it was okay, but Wang Shouren was actually pretending to be a pig and not eating the tiger. People and animals strolled around here harmlessly, but they only needed to survive to be considered a success.
"Listening to the debate between these two gentlemen is better than ten years of reading. It seems that the method of cultivating conscience is indeed not without its merits and is beneficial to learning. Gentlemen, you are tired, please have a drink."
The emperor's voice came out, which meant that the debate was over, and the emperor was no longer "confused" about the issue.
Yang Shen, the exhibition official, saluted and stepped back to the side with unwillingness to look at his father.
Why don't you continue to refute it?
This Wang Shouren avoids refuting the fundamental issues of mind science, which is exactly a failure!
He felt that even if he were to take the lead, there would be many arguments that could refute Wang Shouren.
But he didn't understand, Yang Tinghe could no longer speak.
This is not a risk of death, this is just an academic exchange.
Even if Zhu Xi was still alive, it cannot be said that Xinxue was completely without merit.
People have already given in.
Bite him?
But in this debate, Yang Tinghe won and lost again just like last time.
Even if the emperor only learned a small skill of Xinxue, it was still Xinxue.
Although those scholars and officials who "respect sages and sages" will not give up Neo-Confucianism, after listening to today's debate, will they try the method of cultivating conscience?
Wang Shouren threw a seed here and left with satisfaction and ease.
But Yang Tinghe felt uncomfortable all over!
Why didn't he refute or struggle, why didn't he want to get more?
Only then did Yang Tinghe remember: Wang Shouren didn't even want the credit for quelling the Chenhao Rebellion!
A big chapter of 5,000 words, 12,800 words today. I have finished writing the difficult debate on the scriptures. It is not a crushing battle, because this in itself is just a "harmony academic exchange of ideas", just like Zhu Lu is still "
"Good friend". Also: I have passed Wanjun. Although I still have to wait for 200,000 V words for the badge, I still owe +10 = 28 (bald...)