Chapter 442: Three major domestic business groups II
Among the three major business gangs in China, in the course of history, Shanxi merchants and Hui merchants fell one after another, and in the end only Chaozhou merchants remained.
This is closely related to the origins of Chaozhou merchants. In ancient times, Chaozhou merchants were not as famous as Shanxi merchants and Huizhou merchants, but the rise of Chaozhou merchants was the same as the other two, and both started in the Ming Dynasty.
Chaoshang has its own unique advantage, which is facing the sea.
Beginning in the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty, with the rise of private maritime trade, the residents of the Chaoshan area began to engage in large-scale maritime commercial adventures. With a large number of Chaoshan people traveling by boat, waves of people flocked to the sea.
Amid the waves, the red-headed boat has become a symbol of Chaozhou merchants.
And why can fashion merchants withstand the test of history, develop from ancient times to the present, and write new glory today?
In fact, Chaozhou merchants have carried forward the adventurous pioneering, independent and enterprising business spirit of ancient Chaozhou merchants, and have a certain open mind in the process of participating in various international commercial trades.
Shanxi merchants have the most powerful financial industry, controlling the two major bank accounts and bank groups in the north and south.
The penetration of Huizhou merchants was almost pervasive, and they controlled the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River, two important water transportation routes.
Chaozhou merchants are known for their strong adventurous character, willingness to endure hardships and hard work, and are actively expanding outwards. When they were young, they left their hometown and went overseas to conquer the world. It is precisely because of this mentality that Chaozhou merchants have developed rapidly.
After the announcement of a series of measures formulated by the Far East, the first thing that must be dealt with is those merchants among the ten major business gangs who have long relied on the bureaucracy to maintain their operations. At the same time, the two major bank accounts and banks of Shanxi merchants in the north and south were banned at the same time. Such a blow
This was unacceptable to many businessmen, so some of them took extreme measures, such as secretly funding the Beiyang warlords who were engaged in a war between trapped beasts.
Bank accounts and bank business have been in decline with the fall of the Qing Dynasty, because bank accounts that have always had monetary exchanges with the late Qing government, with the fall of the Qing Dynasty, they still have a large amount of loans that have not been recovered, and as various parts of the country
During the uprising of the revolutionary army, many Shanxi businessmen were insightful, and they immediately recognized the new situation.
However, there are also some financial owners who are so stubborn and stuck in the past that they lose the good opportunity for reform and development. After the revolution, many bank accounts were unprepared. In the end, the money released could not be recovered, but the deposits were withdrawn one after another. This not only caused Shanxi bank accounts to
suffered serious losses, and at the same time
After the former Beiyang minister Yuan Shikai succeeded in stealing the country, he invited the wealthy owners of Shanxi bank accounts to join his official bank in Tianjin. Then the War to Protect the Country broke out, Yuan Shikai returned to the west, and the Beiyang warlords stepped down one after another, leaving many Shanxi bank accounts behind.
In the end we had to stick together.
Shanxi merchants' bank accounts could advance and exchange military pay, raise and borrow exchanges to pay off foreign debts, and act as agents for some provincial fiscal treasuries. Therefore, Shanxi bank accounts were the Ministry of Finance of the late Qing government.
They would use their relationships with feudal officials to expand their business and seek greater profits, so they had close relationships with ministers, doctors, concierges, and soldiers.
However, Shanxi merchants are also representatives of the most conservative and backward group of merchants. All their business activities basically rely on collusion between government and businessmen to engage in monopoly and privileged transactions. Most of the benefits obtained are not used for investment or reproduction, but are transported back to their hometowns.
Build a house, buy land, dig a hole and bury it, or lend it out.
This time, in addition to canceling all domestic silver currencies in circulation, the Far East also canceled domestic bill numbers with a limited time limit, bank closures, and will only be operated by the Bank of Asia from now on, as well as the unified currency Asian dollar issued to replace all hard currencies on the market.
Any of Far East's new measures will be fatal to them, but as long as the Shanxi bank takes back all its loans, it will not lose money but still make profits. However, lending has a time cycle, and Far East will announce the news
Later, a large number of runs occurred in various places at the same time, but they were a little unable to bear it. In addition, with the money they had earned in the past, they purchased a large amount of land in their hometown in Shanxi. Now they were to be unconditionally returned to the government, so naturally they were unwilling.
But the Qing Dynasty had already perished, the achievements of the revolution had been stolen by Yuan Shikai, and the Beiyang warlords were heavily surrounded by the Far East. What could they do?
It is true that people always come up with solutions, but will the Far East's thunderous methods change because of these business gangs?
The answer seems to be undoubted. No matter what measures the major business gangs take, the final result is failure and defeat, because Li Ningyu and the Far East Think Tank have already thought of the countermeasures they can think of, and they are more powerful than they thought.
Profound.
Necessary measures are being taken in the domestic control areas. At the same time, the Fujian and Zhejiang regions have taken the lead in implementing the land reform system, which not only guarantees that every household has its own private land, but also provides each family with the opportunity to enter the factories of the Far East Group.
.
After such measures were taken, it first aroused a huge response from the domestic people. After all, the people who had nothing before had their own fields, equality, freedom, and new jobs with good income. This made the people who were still worried
, completely relieved, because they finally ushered in the era of being the masters of their own affairs.
People in other places were waiting silently, knowing that soon they would be like the people in Fujian and Zhejiang.
Sure enough, on the day of Li Ningyu's wedding in Berlin, Guangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou, and Yunnan also began to implement land reform policies, and at the same time made some adjustments according to different local conditions because the cultivated land area in the above four places was insufficient.
, if the principle of equal distribution is followed, it is impossible to distribute the fields to households, so Far East has adopted a one-for-three measure.
One for three, to put it simply, people can move their families to sparsely populated western areas without the land allocation in their registered residence. In this way, they can exchange one acre of land for three acres of land in the western area, or exchange for three acres of land.
There is a quota to enter the Far East Factory, and the Far East Factory has always provided food and accommodation, so there is no problem for the whole family to enter the factory.
In this way, the vigorous land reform in the country is going on, and Li Ningyu's wedding is also being held in a lively manner.
After the grand ball, which had been held since the evening and lasted for six hours, the newlyweds Li Ningyu and Princess Louise slowly left the stage under the spotlight.
But just when Li Ningyu was about to go into the bedroom to rest with Princess Louise, Zeng Fanyong hurried over with a telegram.
Stopping and patting the back of Louis' hand, Li Ningyu said softly: "Fan Yong comes to see me so late. There must be something important. You go to rest first, you don't have to wait for me!".
Zeng Fanyong was Li Ningyu's personal guard, so Princess Louise naturally recognized him, so she nodded with an understanding smile and then opened the door directly and went in.
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